情态动词语法与练习题
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Eg: 1)You shall get an answer from me tomorrow. 2) He shall be punished.
情态动词表推测用法小结
情态动词
对现在或将来情 对现在或将来正在进 对过去情况的推测
况的推测
行的推测
肯定推测 must
可能推测 may/might 否定推测 can’t/couldn’t 疑问推测 can/could
eg: I would like to have come to visit you, but I had to look after my sick mother at home.
1.Michael __B__ be a policeman, for he’s much too short.
A. needn’t B. can’t C. should D. may
5）It’s a pity. Your class could have got the first prize.
6) She can’t have gone to school, it is Sunday .
can/be able to
can表示“能够”时与短语be able to同义，但can只用 于一般现在时或过去时，而后者可用于各种时态。另 外，can表示个人有某种能力，而be able to表示某人 通过努力、克服困难做成某事，相当于succeed in doing sth.
情态动词 + have done
一、表示对过去事情的推测或估计 1. must have done “过去肯定已经做了某事”
The ground is rather wet, so it must have rained last night. 2. may/might have done “可能/大概已经做了某事”
4) How can you believe such a liar like him?
5. can/could have done表对过去的推测，意为“过去可能做了某事”。 could have done还可以表示对过去能做而未做的事情感到惋惜，意为 “本能够做某事可事实上未做” can't/ couldn't have done 表示对过去 情况的否定推测,意为“过去不可能做过某事”
2. shouldn’t/oughtn’t to have done “过去本不应该做的事却做了” eg: I’m very sorry for the words I shouldn’t have said to you at that moment.
3. could/might have done “本来能够做的事却没做” eg: He could have worked out the problem.
能已经…了吗？”
Someone must have broken into our bedroom,Who could have done it?
二、表示对过去所发生事情的遗憾或责备 1. should/ought to have done “过去本应该做而没做”
eg: I really regretted wasting the hours when I should have studied hard, but it was too late.
3.Peter __B___ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.
A. must C. can
B. may D. will
4. When he was there, he__A____ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day. A. would B. should C. had better D. might
5. shall 1. Shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方
的意见或请求。 Eg: 1) Shall we begin our discussion?
2) Shall Tom go there with me tomorrow?
2. Shall用于二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人的允诺、警 告、命令、威胁等语气。
his
turn
tomorrow.
A. mustn’t B. won’t A. mustn’t B. won’t
C. can’t D. needn’t
_ be him. It’s his turn tomorrow.
C. can’t
D. needn’t
A. mustn’t B. won’t
C. can’t D. needn’t
Tom may have gone to shanghai, but I still not sure about it. 3. can’t/couldn’t have done “不可能已经做了某事”
The ground is very dry, so it can’t have rained last night 注：在疑问句中 can/could 表示对过去情况的疑问性推测，“可
26..------Is-J-aIcsk oJnaductyktoodany? duty today?
----It ____ be him. It’s C ----It ___6. ----Is Jack on duty today?
----It ____ be him. It’s his turn tomorrow.
Eg: You should have invited me to the party yesterday. You shouldn’t have eaten all the cakes in one day.
4. Should可以用来表示说话人的惊奇等情感，意为“竟然，居然”
Eg: 1) It’s surprising that Mary should love such a person. 2) It’s unbelievable that the boy should sing such a beautiful song.
A.must enjoy
B. must have enjoyed
C. may enjoy
D should have enjoyed
1. I don't know where she is, she _m__a_y___ be in Wuhan. 2. At this moment, our teacher _m_u__st_b__e_m__a_r_k_in_g__our exam papers.这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。 3. The road is wet. It _m__u_s_t_h_a_v_e_r_a_i_n_e_d_ last night.(rain) 4. Your mother _m__u_s_t_h_a_v_e_b_e_e_n__lo_o_k__in_g__ for you.
2. 两者都可表示推测，表示很大的可能性。意为 “可能、按理该…”
Eg: 1) It’s 7 o’clock, he should be at home. 2) They should have arrived by now.
3. ought to/should have done 本应该干某事可事实未干 oughtn’t to/shouldn’t have done本不该干某事可事实却干了
2. 用于表示意志或意愿，意为“会，愿意” 。will 指现在，而 would 指 过去。用于否定句中，表示“不会、不肯、不乐意”。
Eg: 1) I won’t do that again. 2) They said that they would help us.
4. should与ought to
5. We _c_____ last night, but we went to the concert instead.
A. must have studied B. might study C. ought to have studied D. would study
6. The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we ____ go
情态动词
Modal verbs
讲课人：勤酱酱
情态动词的语法特征
1）情态动词表说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态 的某种态度。
2) 情态动词不能单独做谓语, 后面只能接动词原形，ought
to和have to除外。
3) 情态动词没有人称, 数的变化, 但有些情态动词, 如can、 will、have to、may等有过去式。
ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
1. can 与could
1.表能力,意为“能，能够”，can指现在，could指过去。
1) Some of us can use the book now, but we couldn’t last year.
2. 表示推测，意为“可能”“或许”，用于疑问句或否定句，can't 和couldn't意为“不可能”。
4. needn’t have done “原本不必做的事却做了”
eg: Your home is not far from your school, so you needn’t have left in such a hurry.
5. Would like to have done “本打算做某事但没做成”
2. may 与might
1. 表示“许可”或“请求”，有“可以”的意思，口语中常用might 代 may ,表示委婉语气。 否定回答时用“must not”表“禁止，阻止”不用 “may not”. “may not” 表示“可能不”。
Eg: 1)--- May I watch TV after supper? --- Yes, you may. / No, you mustn’t.
Eg: I can’t find my sunglasses. I may/might have left them in your office.
3. will 与would
1. 用于第二人称的疑问句中，表“请求、建议”等，用 would 比 用will 委婉，客气些
Eg: 1)Will you lend me your book? 2) Would you like a cup of tea?
2) I though what he said could not be true.
3. 表示“请求” “允许”(表请求时，口语中常用could 代替 can 使 语气更委婉，回答时用can)
3) Can/Could I use your dictionary?
4. can 用于疑问句或否定句中时，表惊异、不相信等，意思是“可能、 能够”。
to work tomorrow.
A. can’t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
7. ---Jane has just come back from China and she looks happy.
--- She _________ her trip very much.
must+v may/might+v can’t/couldn't+v can/could+v
must+be doing
may/might+be doing
can’t/couldn't+be doing can/could+be doing
must+have done
may/might+have done can’t/couldn’t+h ave done can/could+have done
2. 表示可能性。 意为“或许，可能” might 比 may 可能性小。
Eg: 1) The girl might be sleeping this time of day. 2) They may be in the library now.
3.may/might have done 表示对过去发生过的事情的推测，意 为“可能已经做过某事”
1. ought to比should语气更重。两者都用于表劝告、建议。 意为“应 该、应当”。但在疑问句中常用should。ought to的否定式为oughtn't to或ought not to。
Eg: I should help her because she is in trouble. You ought to take care of the baby.
情态动词表推测用法小结
情态动词
对现在或将来情 对现在或将来正在进 对过去情况的推测
况的推测
行的推测
肯定推测 must
可能推测 may/might 否定推测 can’t/couldn’t 疑问推测 can/could
eg: I would like to have come to visit you, but I had to look after my sick mother at home.
1.Michael __B__ be a policeman, for he’s much too short.
A. needn’t B. can’t C. should D. may
5）It’s a pity. Your class could have got the first prize.
6) She can’t have gone to school, it is Sunday .
can/be able to
can表示“能够”时与短语be able to同义，但can只用 于一般现在时或过去时，而后者可用于各种时态。另 外，can表示个人有某种能力，而be able to表示某人 通过努力、克服困难做成某事，相当于succeed in doing sth.
情态动词 + have done
一、表示对过去事情的推测或估计 1. must have done “过去肯定已经做了某事”
The ground is rather wet, so it must have rained last night. 2. may/might have done “可能/大概已经做了某事”
4) How can you believe such a liar like him?
5. can/could have done表对过去的推测，意为“过去可能做了某事”。 could have done还可以表示对过去能做而未做的事情感到惋惜，意为 “本能够做某事可事实上未做” can't/ couldn't have done 表示对过去 情况的否定推测,意为“过去不可能做过某事”
2. shouldn’t/oughtn’t to have done “过去本不应该做的事却做了” eg: I’m very sorry for the words I shouldn’t have said to you at that moment.
3. could/might have done “本来能够做的事却没做” eg: He could have worked out the problem.
能已经…了吗？”
Someone must have broken into our bedroom,Who could have done it?
二、表示对过去所发生事情的遗憾或责备 1. should/ought to have done “过去本应该做而没做”
eg: I really regretted wasting the hours when I should have studied hard, but it was too late.
3.Peter __B___ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.
A. must C. can
B. may D. will
4. When he was there, he__A____ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day. A. would B. should C. had better D. might
5. shall 1. Shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方
的意见或请求。 Eg: 1) Shall we begin our discussion?
2) Shall Tom go there with me tomorrow?
2. Shall用于二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人的允诺、警 告、命令、威胁等语气。
his
turn
tomorrow.
A. mustn’t B. won’t A. mustn’t B. won’t
C. can’t D. needn’t
_ be him. It’s his turn tomorrow.
C. can’t
D. needn’t
A. mustn’t B. won’t
C. can’t D. needn’t
Tom may have gone to shanghai, but I still not sure about it. 3. can’t/couldn’t have done “不可能已经做了某事”
The ground is very dry, so it can’t have rained last night 注：在疑问句中 can/could 表示对过去情况的疑问性推测，“可
26..------Is-J-aIcsk oJnaductyktoodany? duty today?
----It ____ be him. It’s C ----It ___6. ----Is Jack on duty today?
----It ____ be him. It’s his turn tomorrow.
Eg: You should have invited me to the party yesterday. You shouldn’t have eaten all the cakes in one day.
4. Should可以用来表示说话人的惊奇等情感，意为“竟然，居然”
Eg: 1) It’s surprising that Mary should love such a person. 2) It’s unbelievable that the boy should sing such a beautiful song.
A.must enjoy
B. must have enjoyed
C. may enjoy
D should have enjoyed
1. I don't know where she is, she _m__a_y___ be in Wuhan. 2. At this moment, our teacher _m_u__st_b__e_m__a_r_k_in_g__our exam papers.这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。 3. The road is wet. It _m__u_s_t_h_a_v_e_r_a_i_n_e_d_ last night.(rain) 4. Your mother _m__u_s_t_h_a_v_e_b_e_e_n__lo_o_k__in_g__ for you.
2. 两者都可表示推测，表示很大的可能性。意为 “可能、按理该…”
Eg: 1) It’s 7 o’clock, he should be at home. 2) They should have arrived by now.
3. ought to/should have done 本应该干某事可事实未干 oughtn’t to/shouldn’t have done本不该干某事可事实却干了
2. 用于表示意志或意愿，意为“会，愿意” 。will 指现在，而 would 指 过去。用于否定句中，表示“不会、不肯、不乐意”。
Eg: 1) I won’t do that again. 2) They said that they would help us.
4. should与ought to
5. We _c_____ last night, but we went to the concert instead.
A. must have studied B. might study C. ought to have studied D. would study
6. The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we ____ go
情态动词
Modal verbs
讲课人：勤酱酱
情态动词的语法特征
1）情态动词表说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态 的某种态度。
2) 情态动词不能单独做谓语, 后面只能接动词原形，ought
to和have to除外。
3) 情态动词没有人称, 数的变化, 但有些情态动词, 如can、 will、have to、may等有过去式。
ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
1. can 与could
1.表能力,意为“能，能够”，can指现在，could指过去。
1) Some of us can use the book now, but we couldn’t last year.
2. 表示推测，意为“可能”“或许”，用于疑问句或否定句，can't 和couldn't意为“不可能”。
4. needn’t have done “原本不必做的事却做了”
eg: Your home is not far from your school, so you needn’t have left in such a hurry.
5. Would like to have done “本打算做某事但没做成”
2. may 与might
1. 表示“许可”或“请求”，有“可以”的意思，口语中常用might 代 may ,表示委婉语气。 否定回答时用“must not”表“禁止，阻止”不用 “may not”. “may not” 表示“可能不”。
Eg: 1)--- May I watch TV after supper? --- Yes, you may. / No, you mustn’t.
Eg: I can’t find my sunglasses. I may/might have left them in your office.
3. will 与would
1. 用于第二人称的疑问句中，表“请求、建议”等，用 would 比 用will 委婉，客气些
Eg: 1)Will you lend me your book? 2) Would you like a cup of tea?
2) I though what he said could not be true.
3. 表示“请求” “允许”(表请求时，口语中常用could 代替 can 使 语气更委婉，回答时用can)
3) Can/Could I use your dictionary?
4. can 用于疑问句或否定句中时，表惊异、不相信等，意思是“可能、 能够”。
to work tomorrow.
A. can’t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
7. ---Jane has just come back from China and she looks happy.
--- She _________ her trip very much.
must+v may/might+v can’t/couldn't+v can/could+v
must+be doing
may/might+be doing
can’t/couldn't+be doing can/could+be doing
must+have done
may/might+have done can’t/couldn’t+h ave done can/could+have done
2. 表示可能性。 意为“或许，可能” might 比 may 可能性小。
Eg: 1) The girl might be sleeping this time of day. 2) They may be in the library now.
3.may/might have done 表示对过去发生过的事情的推测，意 为“可能已经做过某事”
1. ought to比should语气更重。两者都用于表劝告、建议。 意为“应 该、应当”。但在疑问句中常用should。ought to的否定式为oughtn't to或ought not to。
Eg: I should help her because she is in trouble. You ought to take care of the baby.