李辉老师语法主谓一致

李辉老师语法主谓一致

讲义·主谓一致

谓语动词三要素：主被动、时态、主谓一致（虚拟语气、情态动词）

主语和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致，就是主谓一致。

也就是，如果名词中心词是单数，动词用单数形式；如果名词中心词是复数，动词用复数形式。

My family _is_ (be) a big one.

My family _are_ (be) watching TV.

family = 整体（一个家）= 单数

family = 家庭里所有的成员= 复数

【壹】语法形式一致原则

一、主语中心词后面有表示“增、减、补充说明”的词组时，主谓

一致仍看中心词

表示增加的：as well as, with, along with, together with, in addition to, accompanied by, besides, plus等

along with 和

in addition to 除此之外（包含前面的内容）

besides 除此之外（包含前面的内容）

accompanied by 跟随着……

plus 加上，还有

The man (together with his wife and children) sits on the sofa watching TV.

那个人和他妻儿老小坐在沙发上看电视。

The man, his wife and their children sit on the sofa watching TV.

and是并列连词

表示减去的：except, but（除去）等

All the students (except Tom) have been to America.

除汤姆外，其他学生都去过美国。

I want nobody but you.

表示补充说明的：including, rather than, like（像）, such as等The text book, plus its reference books, is well designed.

这本教材，还有参考书，设计的都很好。

Someone Like You

小试牛刀

1. （2004北京）The teacher, (with6 girls and 8 boys) (of her class), ______ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.

A. was

B. were

C. had been

D. would be

2. （2012陕西）The basketball coach, (as well as his team), ______ interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.

A. were

B. was

C. is

D. are

3. （2007江西）A survey (of the opinions) (of experts) ______ that three hours (of outdoor exercise a week) ______ good for one's health.

A. show; are

B. shows; is

C. show; is

D. shows; are

4. （2010四川）Such poets (as Shakespeare) ______ widely read, of whose works, however, some ______ difficult to

understand.

A. are; are

B. is; is

C. are; is

D. is: are

5. （2007湖南）We live day by day, but in the great things, the time (of days and weeks) ______ so small that a day is unimportant.

A. is

B. are

C. has been

D. have been

二、从句作主语

单个从句做主语时（= 一件事），谓语动词用单数；

多个从句做主语时（= 多件事），谓语动词用复数；

由what引导的主语从句，参看【意义一致原则】部分。

小试牛刀

6. How close parents are to their children ______ a strong influence (on the character) (of the children).

A. are

B. were

C. is

D. was

7. When we are to hold the sports meeting ______ been decided. Whether he succeeds or fails ______ matter.

A. have; don’t

B. has; don’t

C. have; doesn’t

D. has; doesn’t

8. That they were wrong (in these matters) ______ now clear