大学课程设计-飞机大战

湖北大学本科课程设计题目 Java课程设计——飞机大战姓名学号专业年级指导教师职称2015年 12月 18日----目录----一．项目介绍-------------------------------- 1二．概要设计2.1资源需求------------------------------ 12.2游戏流程------------------------------ 1三．类设计3.1游戏界面类---------------------------- 23.2飞行物类------------------------------ 23.3敌机类-------------------------------- 23.4蜜蜂类-------------------------------- 33.5玩家飞机类----------------------------- 33.6子弹类-------------------------------- 4四．编码分析4.1游戏界面类---------------------------- 44.2飞行物类------------------------------ 114.3敌机类-------------------------------- 124.4蜜蜂类-------------------------------- 134.5玩家飞机类----------------------------- 134.6子弹类-------------------------------- 15五．游戏测试画面----------------------------- 16六．总结------------------------------------ 18针对Java课程设计，我做了一个小游戏——飞机大战，游戏代码包含到本学期所学的所有知识点。

程序运行后，进入到开始画面，鼠标单击开始游戏。

敌机自上向下移动，随机出现，玩家机随鼠标移动并发射子弹，消灭敌机可以获得分数，随机出现小蜜蜂，消灭后可获得奖励。

二．概要设计2.1资源需求此游戏需要导入图片：背景图片，开始界面，玩家飞机，敌机，小蜜蜂，子弹，暂停界面，结束界面。

2.2游戏流程游戏界面：ShootGame extends JPanelstatic块：导入图片main（）：创建窗口重写paint（）：画图action（）：鼠标事件TimerTask重写run（）：游戏运行的活动飞行物类：abstract FlyingObject属性:x,y坐标，image，图片长宽move():飞行物移动outOfbound():飞行物出界shootBy():子弹击中飞行物敌机类：Airplane extends FlyingObjectInt speed：移动速度重写move（）重写outOfBound（）getScore（）：击中敌机后得分Airplane（）：初始化敌机Bee extends FlyingObjectInt xSpeed，ySpeed ：移动速度Int awardType:奖励类型（双倍活力或加命）Bee（）：初始化蜜蜂重写move（）重写outOfBound（）getType（）：获取奖励类型玩家飞机类：Player extends FlyingObjectInt life，doubleFire：生命，双倍火力Player（）：初始化玩家重写move（）：换图片，形成飞机的动态效果重写outOfBound（）shoot（）：生成子弹moveTo（）：玩家机移动isHit（）：玩家碰撞到飞行物setDoubleFire（）：设置双倍火力addDoubleFire（）：奖励双倍火力addLife（）：奖励生命deleteLife（）：减命getLife（）：获取生命数Bullet extends FlyingObjectInt speed：移动速度Bullet（）：初始化子弹重写move（）重写outOfBound（）四．编码分析（一）ShootGame类此类继承JPanel类构建游戏窗口并控制游戏的运行类的成员变量：public static final int WIDTH=400;//窗口宽public static final int HEIGHT=600;//窗口高//图片属性public static BufferedImage airplane;public static BufferedImage background;public static BufferedImage bee;public static BufferedImage bullet;public static BufferedImage gameover;public static BufferedImage player0;public static BufferedImage player1;public static BufferedImage pause;public static BufferedImage start;public static final int DOUBLE_FIRE=0;//双倍火力的属性为0 public static final int LIFE=1;//奖励生命的属性为1public Player player=new Player();//创建玩家对象private Bullet[] bullets={};//创建子弹对象（当前为空）private FlyingObject[] flyings={};//创建飞行物对象（当前为空）public static final int START=0;//状态:开始为0public static final int RUNNING=1;//状态：运行为1public static final int PAUSE=2;//状态：暂停为2public static final int GAME_OVER=3;//状态：游戏结束为3 private int state=0;//当前状态1.static块静态块，在类加载时导入游戏所需的图片static{try {airplane=ImageIO.read(ShootGame.class.getResource("airplane .png"));background=ImageIO.read(ShootGame.class.getResource("backgr ound.png"));bee=ImageIO.read(ShootGame.class.getResource("bee.png"));bullet=ImageIO.read(ShootGame.class.getResource("bullet.png "));gameover=ImageIO.read(ShootGame.class.getResource("gameover .png"));pause=ImageIO.read(ShootGame.class.getResource("pause.png") );start=ImageIO.read(ShootGame.class.getResource("start.png") );player0=ImageIO.read(ShootGame.class.getResource("player0.p ng"));player1=ImageIO.read(ShootGame.class.getResource("player1.p ng"));} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}2.main（）在main方法中创建窗口public static void main(String[] args) {JFrame frame=new JFrame("ShootGame");ShootGame game=new ShootGame();frame.add(game);frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);frame.setLocation(400, 100);frame.setAlwaysOnTop(true);frame.setVisible(true);frame.setSize(WIDTH, HEIGHT);game.action();}3.paint（）//画图（g是画笔）public void paint(Graphics g) {g.drawImage(background, 0, 0, null);paintPlayer(g);//画玩家飞机paintFlyings(g);//画飞行物paintBullets(g);//画子弹paintScore(g);//画分数paintState(g);//画游戏状态}//画每一个子弹private void paintBullets(Graphics g) {for(int i=0;i<bullets.length;i++){Bullet b=bullets[i];g.drawImage(b.image, b.x,b. y, null);}}//画飞行物（敌机，蜜蜂）private void paintFlyings(Graphics g) {for (int i = 0; i < flyings.length; i++) {FlyingObject flying=flyings[i];g.drawImage(flying.image,flying. x,flying. y, null);}}//画玩家private void paintPlayer(Graphics g) {g.drawImage(player.image, player.x, player.y, null);}//画分数public void paintScore(Graphics g){g.setColor(Color.RED);//设置画笔颜色为红g.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF,Font.BOLD,20));//设置字体，加粗，字号g.drawString("Score:"+score, 10, 25);g.drawString("Life:"+player.getLife(), 10, 45);}//画状态public void paintState(Graphics g){switch(state){case START:g.drawImage(start, 0,0,null);break;case PAUSE:g.drawImage(pause, 0, 0, null);break;case GAME_OVER:g.drawImage(gameover, 0, 0, null);break;}}4.action（）此方法处理鼠标响应事件：玩家机随鼠标移动，点击鼠标则游戏开始，鼠标移出则暂停游戏public void action(){MouseAdapter l=new MouseAdapter(){//鼠标移动事件public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e){if(state==RUNNING){int x=e.getX();int y=e.getY();player.moveTo(x,y);}}//鼠标点击事件：如果当前状态为start则开始游戏，如果当前状态为游戏结束则初始化所有对象，游戏重新开始public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {switch(state){case START:state=RUNNING;break;case GAME_OVER:flyings=new FlyingObject[0];player=new Player();bullets=new Bullet[0];score=0;state=START;}}//鼠标移出，在当前状态为运行的情况下，改state为暂停public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {if(state==RUNNING){state=PAUSE;}}//鼠标移入，在当前状态为暂停的情况下，游戏继续运行public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {if(state==PAUSE){state=RUNNING;}}};this.addMouseListener(l);this.addMouseMotionListener(l);5.TimerTask.run（）//游戏运行private Timer timer;private int interval=10;//时间间隔，10毫秒int score=0;//分数timer=new Timer();//每隔10毫秒运行一次run方法timer.schedule(new TimerTask() {@Overridepublic void run() {if(state==RUNNING){enterAction();//飞行物入场（敌机或蜜蜂）stepAction();//飞行物移动shootAction();//射击(子弹入场)bangAction();//碰撞outOfBoundsAction();//删除出界对象checkGameOverAction();//检查游戏结束}repaint();}}, interval, interval);}//子弹击中飞行物public void bangAction() {for(int i=0;i<bullets.length;i++){if(bang(bullets[i])){Bullet b=bullets[i];bullets[i]=bullets[bullets.length-1];bullets[bullets.length-1]=b;bullets=Arrays.copyOf(bullets, bullets.length-1);}}}//判断每一个子弹和飞行物是否碰撞public boolean bang(Bullet b){int index=-1;//被击中的飞行物下标for(int i=0;i<flyings.length;i++){FlyingObject obj=flyings[i];if(obj.shootBy(b)){index=i;break;}}if(index!=-1){FlyingObject obj=flyings[index];//判断被击中的飞行物是什么类型，是敌机则得分，是蜜蜂则获得奖励if(obj instanceof Airplane){Airplane a=(Airplane) obj;score+=a.getScore();}if(obj instanceof Bee){Bee bee=(Bee) obj;int type=bee.getType();switch(type){case DOUBLE_FIRE:player.addDoubleFile();break;case LIFE:player.addLife();break;}}flyings[index]=flyings[flyings.length-1];flyings[flyings.length-1]=obj;//将击中的飞行物放到最后,并删去flyings=Arrays.copyOf(flyings, flyings.length-1);return true;}else{return false;}}//删除出界飞行物public void outOfBoundsAction(){FlyingObject[] flyingAlive=newFlyingObject[flyings.length];int index=0;//新数组的下标//将未出界的飞行物放入新的数组for (int i = 0; i < flyings.length; i++) {if(!flyings[i].outOfBound()){flyingAlive[index]=flyings[i];index++;}}flyings=Arrays.copyOf(flyingAlive, index);//缩小数组，将出界的飞机删除index=0;Bullet[] bulletAlive=new Bullet[bullets.length];//将未出界的子弹放入新的数组for (int i = 0; i < bullets.length; i++) {if(!bullets[i].outOfBound()){bulletAlive[index]=bullets[i];index++;}}bullets=Arrays.copyOf(bulletAlive, index);//缩小数组，将出界的子弹删除}//检查游戏是否结束public void checkGameOverAction(){if(isGameOver()){state=GAME_OVER;}//判断游戏结束public boolean isGameOver(){for (int i = 0; i <flyings.length; i++) {int index=-1;//被撞的飞行物下标if(player.isHit(flyings[i])){player.deleteLife();player.setDoubleFire(0);index=i;}if(index!=-1){//将被撞的飞行物从数组中删除FlyingObject obj=flyings[index];flyings[index]=flyings[flyings.length-1];flyings[flyings.length-1]=obj;flyings=Arrays.copyOf(flyings, flyings.length-1);}}return player.getLife()<=0;}int shootIndex=0;//射击频率//玩家发射子弹（生成子弹）public void shootAction() {shootIndex++;//300毫秒新建一组子弹if(shootIndex%30==0){Bullet[] bs=player.shoot();//将新建的子弹加入到子弹数组中bullets=Arrays.copyOf(bullets,bs.length+bullets.length);System.arraycopy(bs, 0, bullets,bullets.length-bs.length, bs.length);}}//子弹，玩家，飞行物走步public void stepAction() {for (int i = 0; i < flyings.length; i++) {flyings[i].move();}for (int i = 0; i <bullets.length; i++) {bullets[i].move();}player.move();}int flyEnteredIndex=0;//飞行物入场计数//飞行物入场（新建对象）public void enterAction() {flyEnteredIndex++;//400毫秒新建一个飞行物（敌机或蜜蜂）if(flyEnteredIndex%40==0){FlyingObject obj=nextOne();flyings=Arrays.copyOf(flyings, flyings.length+1);//扩容flyings[flyings.length-1]=obj;}}//工厂方法：生成对象public static FlyingObject nextOne(){Random rand=new Random();int type=rand.nextInt(20);//生成蜜蜂的概率为5%if(type==0){return new Bee();}else{return new Airplane();}}（二）FlyingObject类成员变量：protected int x;//x坐标protected int y;//y坐标protected int width;//图片宽protected int height;//图片长protected BufferedImage image;//图片public abstract void move();//抽象方法：飞行物移动public abstract boolean outOfBound();//抽象方法：判断是否出界//飞行物是否被子弹击中public boolean shootBy(Bullet b){int x=b.x;int y=b.y;return x>this.x&&x<this.x+width&&y>this.y&&y<this.y+height; }（三）Airplane类成员变量：private int speed=2;//敌机移动速度public Airplane() {x=(int) (Math.random()*ShootGame.WIDTH);//随机生成敌机的x 坐标y=-height;image=ShootGame.airplane;width=image.getWidth();height=image.getHeight();}//敌机的移动方法（每次向下移动一个单位）public void move() {// TODO Auto-generated method stuby+=speed;}//一个敌机的分数为5public int getScore(){return 5;}//判断敌机是否出界public boolean outOfBound() {return this.y>ShootGame.HEIGHT;}（四）Bee类成员变量：private int xSpeed=1;//蜜蜂在x轴方向的移动速度private int ySpeed=2;//蜜蜂在y轴方向的移动速度private int awardType;//奖励类型public Bee() {image=ShootGame.bee;x=(int) (Math.random()*ShootGame.WIDTH);y=-height;width=image.getWidth();height=image.getHeight();awardType=(int) (Math.random()*2);//0或1 }//获得奖励类型public int getType(){return awardType;}//蜜蜂移动方法public void move() {y+=ySpeed;x+=xSpeed;if(x>ShootGame.WIDTH-width){xSpeed=-1;}else if(x<0){xSpeed=1;}}//判断蜜蜂是否出界public boolean outOfBound() {return this.y>ShootGame.HEIGHT;}（五）Player类成员变量：private BufferedImage[] images;//图片数组private int index;//换图片计数private int life;//玩家生命private int doubleFile;//双倍火力public Player() {x=150;y=300;image=ShootGame.player0;width=image.getWidth();height=image.getHeight();images=newBufferedImage[]{ShootGame.player0,ShootGame.player1};life=3;doubleFile=0;index=0;}//生成子弹public Bullet[] shoot(){if(doubleFile>0){Bullet[] bs=new Bullet[2];bs[0]=new Bullet(this.x+this.width/4,this.y-20);bs[1]=new Bullet(this.x+3*this.width/4, this.y-20);return bs;}else{Bullet[] bs=new Bullet[1];bs[0]=new Bullet(this.x+width/2,this.y);return bs;}}//将玩家机移动到鼠标的位置public void moveTo(int x,int y) {this.x=x-this.width/2;this.y=y-this.height/2;}//奖励双倍活力public void addDoubleFile(){doubleFile+=40;}//设置双倍火力的值public void setDoubleFire(int a){doubleFile=a;}//获得生命的数值public int getLife(){return life;}//减命public void deleteLife(){life--;}//奖励生命public void addLife(){life++;}//重写move方法实现玩家飞机的动态效果public void move() {index++;switch((index/10)%2){case 0:image=images[0];break;case 1:image=images[1];break;}}//重写outOfBound（），玩家飞机永不出界public boolean outOfBound() {return false;}//玩家碰撞到飞行物public boolean isHit(FlyingObject f){if (this.x >= f.x && this.x >= f.x + f.width) {return false;} else if (this.x<= f.x && this.x + this.width <= f.x) { return false;} else if (this.y >= f.y && this.y >= f.y + f.height) { return false;} else if (this.y <= f.y && this.y + this.height <= f.y) {return false;}return true;}（六）Bullet类成员变量：private int speed=3;//子弹的移动速度public Bullet(int x,int y) {this.x=x;this.y=y;image=ShootGame.bullet;width=image.getWidth();height=image.getHeight();}//重写move方法，子弹每次向上移动3个单位public void move() {y-=speed;}//判断子弹是否出界public boolean outOfBound() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn this.y<-height;}五．游戏测试游戏开始：游戏暂停：六．总结此次完成的小游戏还有很多改进的地方，比如可以加入背景音乐，在子弹击中飞行物后有一个飞机爆炸的效果，飞行物的移动轨迹可以设计的更复杂一些，游戏结束后可以增加一个统计分数的界面等等。