国有企业混合所有制改革问题的对策研究

国有企业混合所有制改革问题的对策研究

张三丰

武汉大学经济与管理学院

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摘要

党的十八届三中全会提出：积极发展国有资本、集体资本、非公有资本等交叉持股、相互融合的混合所有制经济，是基本经济制度的重要实现形式。这一提法预示着新一轮国有企业混合所有制改革即将全面展开。

回顾过去三十多年的改革历程，其中最重要的一点就是我们探索出了一条中国特色的国有企业改革之路——混合所有制。混合所有制的实践从改革开放开始，党和国家第一次在理论上提出混合所有制是在党的十五大上。对混合所有制的理论总结，使我们冲破了“姓社姓资”的思想藩篱，勇敢地探索中国经济的发展之路；对于混合所有制的探索和实践，使我们找到了发展国有企业和建设社会主义市场经济的正确道路。站在新的时代起点上，如何在总结过去经验教训的基础上，更好地进行国有企业的混合所有制改革，是值得我们思考的一个问题。

本文针对这一问题，首先总结了与混合所有制相关的一些理论观点，以使我们对混合所有制有一个初步的了解。接下来回顾了过去三十多年，我国混合所有制改革的发展历程，同时应用数学统计的方法，分析了我国混合所有制改革的现状。紧接着从国有资本和民营资本两个角度，归纳了目前我国混合所有制改革中所面临的一些困境。接着介绍了西方发达国家，特别是英国和美国，在国有企业管理和改革方面的一些成功经验。最后，在前文的基础上，从七个方面提出了本文的政策建议。

关键词：国有企业，混合所有制，改革困境，政策建议

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Abstract

Since The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, using the method such as the cross-shareholding or mutual integration of the state capital, collective capital, private capital, to develop mixed-ownership economy has been an important form of realization of the basic economic system. This indicates that the new round of mixed ownership of state-owned enterprise reform is about to unfold.

Over the past thirty years of the reform process, the most important thing is the way we explore the characteristics of a Chinese state-owned enterprise reform, mixed ownership. From the beginning of reform and opening, with the practice of mixed ownership, the Party and the State put forward the theory of mixed-ownership on the 15th Party Congress for the first time. Summary of the theory of mixed ownership, enabling us to break through the barriers of "socialism and capitalism", bravely explore the road of China's economic development; Throught the exploration and practice of mixed ownership, we find the correct way to develop the state-owned enterprises and construct socialism in the market economy. Standing on the starting point of a new era, how to sum up the lessons of the past on the basis of better mixed ownership reform of state-owned enterprises, is worth thinking.

.Aiming at this problem, the paper summarize some theoretical perspectives associated with mixed ownership in the beginning, so that we have a preliminary understanding of mixed ownership. Then the paper review China's reform and development process of mixed ownership in the past thirty years. Then withthe application of mathematical and statistical methods ，the paper analyze the current situation of mixed ownership reform. Then from the state capital and private capital two angles, the paper summarized some of the current plight of mixed ownership reform in the face. Then introduced some successful experience in management and reform of state-owned enterprises in the Western countries, especially Britain and the United States,. Finally, on the basis of the former text , the paper put forward seven policy recommendations for China’s mixed ownership reform.

Keywords: State-owned enterprises, Mixed ownership, Reform dilemma, Policy Recommendations

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