华东师大历年考博英语真题
2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷11
2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.翻译题As soon as a woman has caught her man, she “gives up her career for love”一or, at least, that is what she will tell him. He could hardly be flattered by the thought that she had been saved in the nick of time from having to sweat her way through examinations, but he would much rather get drunk on the idea of the love 4【答案】女人一旦捕获了自己的男人，便会“为了爱情而放弃事业”，或者，至少她会对男人如是说。
虽说他大概不会既得意洋洋地认为，是他在紧要关头救了她，使她免受考试的煎熬，但他却宁愿陶醉于爱情“无法折衷”的想法，而这种想法是她故意装作对她才有的想法。
他甚至认为，也许她本来可以成为一名著名的外科医生或出色的新闻记者，而她却为了自己放弃了所有的一切。
但他永远不会想到，她更愿意当一个著名外科医生的太太，既不用上班，也不用承担责任，就能享有他那样的收入和地位。
因此，为了弥补她所做出的巨大牺牲，他决心让她在自己的身边过上舒舒服服的曰子。
2.单选题This young man,（）with a craving for materialistic gratification, cares about nothing but money.问题1选项A.obsessedB.negotiatedpromisedD.provided【答案】A【解析】动词辨析题。
obsessed with沉迷于；negotiated with与…协商；compromised with向（某人）妥协；provided with给…提供。
2006年华东师范大学博士生英语试卷1
华东师范大学2006年招收攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题考试科目：英语Paper One注意：答案请做在答题卡上，做在试题上一律无效Part I Vocabulary and Structure (20%)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line throughthe center.1. Police believe that many burglars are amateurs who would flee if an alarm sounded orlights .A. came outB. came onC. came toD. came down2. Mr. Jenkins drove along at his usual high speed for police cars in his mirrorfrom time to time to make sure he was safe.A. pulling outB. running throughC. going aheadD. watching out3. Miss Tracy moved to New York in the early 1960s, apparently to escape jealous friendswho were becoming increasingly of her success.A. delightfulB. gracefulC. resentfulD. respectful4. In theory, governments are free to set their own economic policies; in practice, theymust conform to a global economic model or risk being by the market.A. replacedB. overlookedC. saturatedD. penalized5. Mrs. Black finds that her piano has always had the magic power of taking her awayfrom the grim realities of daily life and her to fairyland of her own once she started to play.A. transformingB. transportingC. transplantingD. transcending6. It is hard to think of a field in which it is not important to what is likelyto happen and act accordingly.A. look outB. figure outC. turn outD. point out7. At about the same time, some black Christians walked in protest out of churches wherethey were forced to worship in sections.A. segregatedB. sustainedC. connectedD. engaged8. San Francisco climbs and falls over numerous hills, which provides views of thewide bay and the Golden Gate Bridge.A. flashyB. transientC. breathtakingD. ambiguous9. Martin Luther King, Jr. persuaded his followers to bring the of the AmericanNegroes to the attention of the United Nations, but they did not act very effectively.A. conspiracyB. pledgeC. plightD. compulsion10. Even though strong evidence has proved the nicotine to be , the tobacco companystill insists that its products are harmless.A. solubleB. deficientC. addictiveD. skeptical11. Prof. Flynn found no students in the lecture hall when he arrived. Only then did he realizethat he came early.A. too muchB. so muchC. much tooD. much so12. I wanted to be sure a sudden emergency that we gave the right advice.A. on account ofB. in case ofC. at the risk ofD. in spite of13. in India, the banana was brought to the Americas by the Portuguese who foundit in Africa.A. Originally cultivatedB. Having originally cultivatedC. Originally being cultivatedD.Although it originally cultivated14. It was the end of my exhausting first day as a waitress, and I really appreciatedtime to relax.A. to haveB. havingC. to have hadD. of having15. We’ve just installed central heating, should make a tremendous difference tothe house next winter.A. whatB. thatC. itD. which16. So fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.A.has light traveledB.light travelsC.does light travelD.travels light17. she was living in Paris that she met her husband Terry.A. Just whenB. It was whileC. Soon afterD. During the time when18. While crossing the mountain areas, all the men had guns for protection lest theyby the local bandits.A. be attackedB. must be attackedC. were attackedD.would be attacked19. The police chief announced that the deaths of two young girls would soon be inquired .A. aboutB. ofC. intoD. after20. They were more than glad to leave their cars parked and walked a change.A. asB. forC. toD. byPart II Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices markedA, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet I with a single line through the center.(1)When the brash British raider Sir James Goldsmith calculated that U. S. timberland was a tempting prize, he launched a $500-million bid to take over San Francisco’s Crown Zellerbach paper company in order to grab the corporation’s vast forests. As a result, Goldsmith owns 1.9 million acres of forests in Washington State, Oregon, Mississippi and Louisiana.The United States seems to have become a country for sale. Foreign ownership in the United States, including everything from real estate to securities, rose to a remarkable $ 1.33 trillion last year, up 25.5 percent from the previous year. Foreign investors now own 46 percent of the commercial real estate in downtown Los Angeles, 39 percent in downtown Houston, 32 percent in downtown Minneapolis and 21 percent in downtown Manhattan.Esteemed U. S. corporate nameplates have been changing citizenship at a rapid clip. Smith & Wesson handguns have gone to the British. General Electric television sets have been bought by the French, Carnation foods by the Swiss, General Tire by the West Germans.In fact, the question of what is truly America has become befuddling. The British, who burned Washington in 1814, have built or bought an estimated $773 million in District of Columbia property, including ownership of the famed Watergate complex. And what about breakfast (or a diamond ring) at Tiffany, or drinks in the cultured atmosphere of Manhattan’s Algonquin Hotel? Those vintage landmark buildings are now Japanese possessions.The reasons for the rush to buy are abundantly clear. The U. S. dollar has plunged more than 50 percent in value during the past three years against such major foreign currencies as the Japanese yen, the West German mark and the British pound. The result is that everything with a dollar-denominated price tag has looked like a tremendous steal to holders of stronger currencies.Japanese bargain shoppers increasingly cover neglected American gambling casinos. In April last year, Ginji Yasuda, a Korean-born Japanese, bought the 1100-room Aladdin Hotel & Casino in Las Vegas for $ 54 million and reopened it after spending another $30 million to restore its glitzy décor. Says Yasuda: “You have a lot of dreams still available in this country that you don’t have in Japan.” He plans to shuttle customers from Japan in a posh jet equipped with sleeping cabins.Wile the Japanese have largely shied away from takeovers of major U. S. industrialcorporations, at least partly in fear of a public relations backlash, the least inhibited bidders have been the British. They committed more than $27 billions last year to U. S. takeovers.21. Sir James Goldsmith owns vast forests in the United States because .A. he is a relentless raiderB. he has been awarded a grand prizeC. he has taken over a U. S. paper companyD. he has a number of corporations in Washington State22. Foreign ownership of the commercial real estate in downtown Los Angeles was 14 percentmore than it was .A. in downtown San FranciscoB. in downtown HoustonC. in downtown ManhattanD. in downtown Minneapolis23. In the United States, the British have already come into possession of .A. the Watergate complex and General TireB. General Electric and General TireC. Manhattan’s Algonquin Hotel and the Watergate complexD. Smith & Wesson and the Watergate complex24. Judging from the context the phrase “a tremendous steal” in Paragraph 5 means.A. something extremely cheapB. something too expensiveC. something worth buyingD. something dangerous but profitable25. According to the passage, the Japanese investors .A. have been slow in making large investments in land in the United StatesB. have showed more interest in US major industrial corporations than in gambling housesC. are not so bold as the British in taking over major US industrial corporationsD. have proved themselves the least inhibited bidders in the United States(2)Ever since the Industrial Revolution brought workers from small shops into factories, supervision have been required. Only during the last hundred years, however, has industrial management grown into a highly organized set of modern methods for achieving efficiency. Thus, management is a new human history, and it has already become vitally important for the success of all kinds of businesses and of national economies.Efficiency means getting results with the least possible waste of time, effort, and money. Therefore, efficiency is the aim of all management, both puplic and private. In private business, efficiency can be measured by profit, the surplus of income over expenditures.The manager’s a job, then, is to get people to do things efficiently. The top manager manages other managers, chooses and trains them, plans their operations, and checks the results. All managers have practical complex problems, but they utilize methods based on a growing body of knowledge. Shop managers carry out time and motion studies to improve workers’efficiency, and foremen give on-the-job training to workers. Industrial managers employ specialists to keep machines working properly and to ensure the supply of spare parts. The flow of work is supervised to avoid any unplanned idleness of workers of equipment. Each step in manufacturing is planned in detail, and the cost of each step is carefully calculated. Supervisors consult experts regularly in order to master new techniques. Personnel managers have learned to obtain greater efficiency from workers by providing rest periods and by improving morale through better heating, lighting, safety devices, cafeterias, and recreation facilities – even when these have not been demanded by labor unions. The use of modern electronic devices had led to increasing automation, in which many automatic machines function without any need for human labor.Scientific management methods have spread to all branches of industry – not only manufacturing, but also accounting, finance, marketing, and other office work. There areplanning systems, organization systems and control systems. Within these there are other systems for delegation of authority, budgeting, information feedback for control, and so on. The essence of all the functions of management is coordination, the harmonious combination of all individual efforts for the achievement of the objectives of the enterprise.26. From the first paragraph, we know that .A. industrial management depends on the success of all kinds of businesses and ofnational economiesB. industrial management is indispensable to the successes of all kinds of businessesand of national economiesC. the success of all kinds of businesses and of national economies has nothing to dowith industrial managementD. industrial management did not develop until the last fifty years27. The top manager .A. is responsible for selecting other managers and help them do things efficientlyB. gets other managers to choose and train themselvesC. manages other managers’ operationsD. learns new techniques from other managers28. All managers employ .A. various methods to solve their practical and complex problemsB. specialists to keep machines working properlyC. workers who give on-the-job trainingD. advisers to handle practical and complex problems29. Personnel managers provide rest periods, safety devices, recreation facilities, etc. _______.A. because the labor unions demand themB. just to improve the workers’moraleC. to obtain greater efficiency from workersD. to ensure the good working conditions30. The essence of all management functions is .A. to combine individual efforts to achieve the objectives of the enterpriseB. the coordination of the functions of managementC. the harmonious coordination of organization efforts for the achievement ofindividual objectivesD. to coordinate the systems for planning, organization and control(3)The genetic characteristics of all life forms on earth are embodied in the chemical structure of DNA molecules. An organism’s DNA molecules provide a complete blueprint forits physical makeup. Genetic engineering is the process of altering the DNA genetic codeto change the characteristics of plants and animals. Through the process, scientists can literally build to order new life forms that perform desired functions. For hundreds of years, humans have engineered the development of food crops and domesticated animals through selective breeding practices. For example, the modern dairy cow is the result of centuriesof carefully breeding individual animals that carried the genetic trait for high milk production. However, new technology makes it possible for scientists to restructure the DNA molecules themselves and thus obtain more rapid and more radical genetic changes than were possible in the past. This new process is commonly called recombinant DNA technology or gene splicing because it involves disassembling the DNA molecule and then recombining or splicing the pieces according to a new pattern. The genespliced DNA molecule may have a genetic code that has never existed before.Although recombinant DNA technology is still in its infancy, it has already demonstratedits value. New crop breeds produced by his process are already growing in farmers’fields. Crops that are genetically engineered to resist pests, diseases, and drought could be important in efforts to alleviate starvation around the world. Scientists are trying to use genetic engineering to produce important drugs such as insulin and interferon cheaply. They are also working on a genetically engineered generation of wonder drugs to combat cancer and other killer diseases. However, the recombinant DNA technology brings with it problems our society has not previously faced. Gene splicing could produce new disease microorganisms, deadly to us or to the plants and animals upon which we depend. The possibility of altering human genetic structure raises serious moral, political, and social issues. Genetic engineering illustrates dramatically the promises and dangers of technological development. The decisions our society makes about genetic engineering will undoubtedly have tremendous consequences in the years to come.31. The best title for this passage is .A. The Basic Function of Genetic EngineeringB. New Applications of Genetic EngineeringC. Recombinant DNA Technology, A New Process in Genetic EngineeringD. The Promises & Dangers of Technological Development32. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about recombinant DNA technology?A. It can bring about rapid and radical genetic changes in life forms.B. It can be used to restructure DNA molecules to produce new desired plant and animalbreeds.C. It may increase the risk of producing some unexpected diseases.D. It proves an effective way to cure cancer and other incurable diseases.33. The word “alleviate” in paragraph 2 is nearest in meaning to .A. relieveB. avoidC. eliminateD. terminate34. It can be inferred from the passage that .A. there will inevitably be a heated debate over the general application of therecombinant DNA technologyB. the use of the recombinant DNA technology on human beings will be forbiddenC. the recombinant DNA technology can be traced back to hundreds of years agoD. serious dilemmas may be generated when it is used to modify human genetic code35. The author’s attitude towards genetic technologies is .A. enthusiasticB. indifferentC. criticalD. objective(4)The word for “The Da Vinci Code”is a rare invertible palindrome. Rotated 180 degrees on a horizontal axis so that it is upside down, it denotes the maternal essence that is sometimes linked to the sport of soccer. Read right side up, it concisely conveys the kind of extreme enthusiasm with which this riddle-filled, code-breaking, exhilaratingly brainy thriller can be recommended. That word is wow.The author is Dan Brown (a name you will want to remember). In this gleefully erudite suspense novel, Mr. Brown takes the format he has been developing through three earlier novels and fine-tunes it to blockbuster perfection. Not since the advent of Harry Potter has an author so flagrantly delighted in leading readers on a breathless chase and coaxing them through hoops. Consider the new book’s prologue, set in the Grand Gallery of the Louvre. (This is the kind of book that notices that this one gallery’s length is three times that of the Washington Monument.) It embroils a Caravaggio, an albino monk and a curator in a fight to the death. That’s scene leaving little doubt that the author knows how to pique interest, as the curator, Jacques Sauniere, fights for his life.Desperately seizing the painting in order to activate the museum’s alarm system, Sauniere succeeds in buying some time. And he uses these stolen moments? Which are his last? To take off his clothes, draw a circle and arrange himself like the figure in Leonardo’smost famous drawing, “The Vitruvian Man.”And to leave behind an anagram and Fibonacci’s famous numerical series as clues.Whatever this is about, it is enough to summon Langdon, who by now, he blushes to recall, has been described in an adoring magazine article as “Harrison Ford in Harris tweed.”Langdon’s latest manuscript, which “proposed some very unconventional interpretations of established religious iconography which would certainly be controversial,” is definitely germane.Also soon on the scene is the cryptologist Sophie Neveu, a chip off the author’s earlier prototypes: “Unlike the cookie-cutter blondes that adorned Harvard dorm room walls, this woman was healthy with an unembellished beauty and genuineness that radiated a striking personal confidence.”Even if he had not contrived this entire story as a hunt for the Lost Sacred Feminine essence, women in particular would love Mr. Brown.The book moves at a breakneck pace, with the author seeming thoroughly to enjoy his contrivances. Virtually every chapter ends with a cliffhanger: not easy, considering the amount of plain old talking that gets done. And Sophie and Langdon are sent on the run, the better to churn up a thriller atmosphere. To their credit, they evade their pursuers as ingeniously as they do most everything else.When being followed via a global positioning system, for instance, it is smart to send the sensor flying out a 40-foot window and lead pursuers to think you have done the same. Somehow the book manages to reconcile such derring-do with remarks like, “And did you know that if you divide the number of female bees by the number of male bees in any beehive in the world, you always get the same number?”“The Da Vinci Code”is breezy enough even to make fun of its characters’own cleverness. At one point Langdon is asked by his host whether he has hidden a sought-after treasure carefully enough. “Actually,” Langdon says, unable to hide his grin, “that depends on how often you dust under your couch.”36. Why does the author use the word “wow” to describe the novel The Da Vinci Code?A. Because the word reads the same backwards.B. Because it is also linked to the sport of football.C. Because the novel is imbued with perplexing enigmas and smartly wrought.D. Because the novel is a bestseller.37. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. Dan Brown, author of “The Da Vinci Code” has published so far four novels.B. The Da Vinci Code begins with a mysterious murder case in the Gallery of Luvre.C. In his earlier novels, Dan Brown has created characters like Sophie Neveu.D. The Da Vinci Code wins the popularity among women because Dan Brown is afervent feminist.38. It can be inferred from the passage that Harry Potter is all the following EXCEPT.A. It is also a bestseller around the worldB. It attracts readers with heart-throbbing suspenseC. It is characterized by hoax and unreliable plotsD. It has achieved immense popularity with readers39. The major factor that contributes to the success of The Da Vinci Code is .A. the engrossing prologueB. the depiction of the female protagonist Sophie NeveuC. the breakneck pace and a cliffhanger at the end of almost every chapterD. the colorful description of the cleverness of the characters40. The author’s attitude towards “The Da Vince Code” is .A. criticalB. indifferentC. affirmativeD. sarcasticPaper Two(注意：以下各题的答案必须写在Answer Sheet II上)Part III Cloze (10%)Directions: Fill in each of the following blanks with ONE word to complete the meaning of the passage. Write your answer on Answer Sheet II.It was during the nineteenth century that the rapid development of the heat engine took place, and with ever increasing power at the disposal of man, the mechanical age began. The demand 41 more and more power as new industries evolved created a great incentive for invention. At first, attention was solely devoted to practical improvement, but 42 the trend was more toward philosophical reasoning, with a result that engineers found 43 necessary to review their fundamental ideas. It was seen that the consideration of practical detail 44 was insufficient in the attempt to produce more efficient machines. Theoretical reasoning was also necessary, and it was through the work of men such as Carnot, Gibbs and others, 45 the theoretical study developed. The 46 of their philosophy and the skill of the craftsmen, together with the ingenuity of the practical engineers, resulted 47 progressively more efficient engines.48 with the prime movers of the nineteenth century, our present-day engines and power plants are very efficient. Nevertheless, design and development engineers are continually striving to produce even more efficient machines. In this task they must engage in conflict 49 the restrictions which Nature imposes upon energy conversion processes, and they must be 50 with the knowledge which is gained from the study of the subject of Thermodynamics. Part IV Translation (15%)Directions: Put the following passage into English.现在教育和就业的距离正在拉大。
2004年华东师大博士生英语入学试卷
2004年华东师大博士生英语入学试卷考1）本考卷共包括九大项，共 19 页。
考试时间为180分钟，满分100分。
试 2）试卷中 Paper One 各项答案按相应题号一律用铅笔划线填入答题卡。
须 3）Paper Two 各项用钢笔或圆珠笔答在答题纸上，字迹需清晰端正。
知Paper OnePart I. Listening Comprehension ( 15 % )Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D and decide which one is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line though the center.Example: You will hear:M: Is it possible for you to work late? Miss Grey?W: Work late? I suppose so, if you really think it is necessary.Q: Where do you think this conversation most probably took place?You will read:A. At the office.B. In the waiting room.C. At the airport.D. In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they have to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore a) At the office is the best answer. You should choose answer a. on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a pencil.1. A. The man better practice harder.B. The man should not give up.C. The man should stop trying to be a superstar.D. The man better practice a new style.2. A. Help the woman but only unwillingly.B. Not help move items for the woman.C. Help move things to Mr. Nelson’s office.D. Cancel his appointment at Mr. Nelson’s office.3. A. They are on a date.B. They are at a harmonious meeting.C. They are at a meeting with a controversy.D. They are late to the meeting.4. A. Ask for more money from the student loan.B. Find a job to earn some money.C. Be more realistic with his money.D. Stop worrying about his money.5. A. See both of them one after another.B. Phone the theater for opinion.C. Toss a coin to decide.D. Go somewhere else instead.6. A. Volunteering needs special skills.B. V olunteering needs physical work.C. V olunteering requires a time commitment.D. Volunteering requires a financial commitment.7. A. Dorms are not as cheap as he thinks.B. Dorms are not as spacious as he thinks.C. Dorms are not as available as he thinks.D. Dorms are not as convenient as he thinks.8. A. The amount of paper he used might be worth the cost.B. It will be a good lesson for him to study harder.C. The amount of effort he made will become useful.D. The preparation of the paper should be finished soon.9. A. Sleeping early is good for oneself.B. Rising early takes time to become easy.C. Jogging is difficult to be routine.D. Walking in the park is not as easy as it seems.10. A. It is sure to be ready on Thursday.B. It is still not ready.C. It was already ready on Thursday.D. It was too difficult to fix it.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a, b, c and d. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A. His friend bought them for him.B. He bought them himself.C. He booked them quite a while ago.D. He got them free of charge.12. A. Her husband was taking her out to the theater.B. Her husband had got her a job in his office.C. Her husband was going to buy her some nice gifts.D. Her husband had found his lost money.13. A. He had lost the tickets for the theater.B. He had lost his briefcase.C. He had left his briefcase at home.D. He had left the tickets in the office.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A. Lack of electricity.B. Shortage of books.C. Lack of clean water.D. Shortage of experts15. A. A system which trains doctors.B. A group of experts who can provide professional advice.C. A computer program which can provide professional advice.D. A system which trains computer experts.16. A. It is not easy to see the shortage of experts in the villages.B. Many doctors and engineers are sent to the villages to make up for the shortage of experts.C. Expert medical systems are widely used in developing countries.D. Expert systems are owned by wealthy farmers and businessmen.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A. The designer of the White House.B. The first resident of the White House.C. One of the U.S. presidents.D. A specialist of American history.18. A. To add to the beauty of the building.B. To follow the original design.C. To wipe out the stains left behind by the war.D. To make the building look more comfortable.19. A. Right after it was rebuilt.B. During the administration of John Adams.C. When Theodore Roosevelt was president.D. After many other names had been given to it.20. A. It has been changed several times.B. It has never been changed.C. It was changed after the War of 1812.D. It was changed during Roosevelt’s presidency.II. Vocabulary and Structure (15%)Directions:Below each sentence, there are four words marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence or that is closest in meaning to theunderlined word in the sentence Write the corresponding letter on your AnswerSheet.21. After doing her usual morning chores, Elisha found herself ___ tired.A. interestinglyB. surprisinglyC. erraticallyD. forcibly22. Working frantically under the pressure of time, Edmond failed to notice his ___ mistakes.A. stupidB. inevitableC. carelessD. redundant23. The ___ objections of those who protested against the ruling finally got them thrown outof the stadium.A. viralB. vulnerableC. volubleD. vocal24. In the feudal society, landlords had the right to beat, ___ or even kill talents at will.A. abaseB. abashC. abateD. abuse25. All the colleagues said that the caprices of the willful manager had made him a ___ person.A. candidB. captiousC. cannyD. coy26. It was all right for the school administration not to ___ to the students' demand of canceling the terminal examinations.A. acceptB. accedeC. accessD. accessory27. In 1921 many people died in famine --- an extreme scarcity or ___ of food. That was reallya tragedy.A. deprivationB. exhaustionC. starvationD. dearth28. The world will be advancing with such great speed that our ___ will look back upon us and our time with a sense of superiority.A. antecedentsB. predecessorsC. descendantsD. contemporaries29. Before taking a standardized test, one should ___ himself or herself with all the items that constitute the test paper.A. acquaintB. fascinateC. acquitD. familiar30. Tom is always lack of self-confidence. His ___ character caused him to miss many goldenopportunities.A. diffidentB. ignorantC. proudD. conceited31. It has been announced that physicists from different countries will gather in New York fora ___ next month.A. symphonyB. symposiumC. symptomD. symmetry32. Manfred ___ with sure that nine out of ten gentlemen who danced with this charming young lady would fall in love with her.A. alludeB. adduceC. averredD. advert33. During the terrorist attacks, the authorities ordered to ___ the workers and residents ofhigh profile buildings from the constructions.A. evictB. evokeC. evacuateD. evade34. Johnson's business survived on a ___ relationship with only a few customers.A. tentativeB. salientC. lucrativeD. insubstantial35. After her marriage, the happy life ___ her appearance, making her look more beautifulthan ever.A. transfiguredB. disfiguredC. disheveledD. transformed36. Although Guthman was a ___ of several campaigns, he had never seen action on the frontlines.A. veteranB. volunteerC. victimD. villain37. The cheerful, lively melody of dance music ___ almost all the weary soldiers.A. drainedB. divertedC. renewedD. revived38. From Willink's ___ manner, people can tell that he is of royal birth.A. boorishB. regalC. rudeD. vulgar39. Since it was held up only by a single steel cable, the chairlift was ___ to carry only twopeopleA. instructedB. obligedC. intendedD. appointed40. 130 years later, this single wall still stands here in mute ___ to the Revolution of ParisCommune in 1873.A. testimonyB. memoryC. tributeD. evidence41.From his words I supposed that he was extremely delighted at your invitation.A. apprehendedB. concededC. envisionD. surmised42. As is reported, over seventy civilians lost their lives in the following explosion.A. ensuingB. engrossingC. enduringD. entangling43. After living in the same dormitory for half a year, Jane realized that Mary's oversen-sitivity was not acquired but inherent.A. insipidB. inordinateC. innateD. insane44. As a highly intelligent person, the diplomat had no difficulty searching for the right wordsto retort.A. askingB. gropingC. findingD. grouching45. The service at this restaurant was so slow that when the dishes were finally served we wereextremely hungry.A. ruthlessB. ravenousC. rashD. reckless46. He is my devoted friend, so I ___ tell him the truth.A. cannot helpB. cannot butC. may not helpD. could but47. No administrator or supervisor can enter a classroom unless ___ by the teacher.A. they are invitedB. he is invitedC. invitingD. having being invited48. I'd just as soon he ___ the party yesterday; he made a mess of it.A. didn't attendB. attendedC. had attendedD. hadn't attended49. ___ a certain doubt among the students as to the necessity of an oral English test at theend of the term.A. It is existedB. There having existedC. There existsD. There having been50. ___ Jenny lives next door to Robert, she ought to know him.A. IfB. Seeing thatC. AlthoughD. Just asIII. Error Detection (5%)Directions:There are four underlined words or parts marked A, B, C and D in each of the following sentences. Choose the one that you think incorrect, and write thecorresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.51. Learning a foreign Language is especially difficult for those who had never learned oneA B C Dbefore.52. The main stream of a river frequently is dividing into two or more branches near its mouth.A B C D53. For activating the fossilization in English learning, I practice reading, listening, speakingA B Cand writing as regularly as possibleD54. Little Jimmy was constantly being told not to scratch the paint off the bedroom wall, butA Bhe went on to do it all the same.C D55. It's a simple matter to have found the density of a gas from its formula.A B C D56. Upon questioning the suspect denied having stolen diamonds from the jewelry shop.A B C D57. Some of the research experiments to describe in the text book are easy to carry out.A B C D58. Quantum physics lies at a heart of the physical sciences.A BC D59. Despite their length, the horse's neck has the same number of vertebrae as a humanA B C Dbeing's.60. Night falls more faster in the tropics than in other latitudes.A B C DIV. Reading Comprehension (25%)Directions:Read the following five passages carefully, choose the best answer to each question from the four choices given, and then write the corresponding letteron your Answer Sheet.Passage OneIn Japan, some people play golf on weekends and some form long lines in the Ginza district to watch first-run foreign films. A knowing few go to the barbershop.A trip to a Japanese barbershop is an odyssey into the country's economic miracle, a glimpse at the same attention to detail that has made "Japan Inc." the envy of the capitalist world.It is more than simply getting a haircut. Customers go to escape the hustle and bustle of Tokyo's frenetic pace. They go to complain about local politics and catch up on the latest neighborhood scuttlebutt.But most of all, they go to be cranked up high in the barber's chair, to assume for at lest one precious moment – regardless of their walk of life---that honorific stature uniquely revered in Japan: that of okyakusama, or customer.So going to the barbershop here is an outing . The object is not to get it over with as quickly as possible, American-style, but to prolong the treatment and bask in its sensual pleasures.No one understands this better than Tanaka-san, who runs a state-of-the-art barbershop just up the street from where I live, in the Minami Azabu district. Like much else in Japan, Mr. Tankaka's shop has only recently gone upscale.Last year, he sold his small, old shop, located a few blocks from the new one, for a cool $15.3 million. With typical Japanese foresight for investing for the long pull, Mr. Tanaka plowed theproceeds into his spanking new premises.Mr. Tanaka, 54, has been in the barbering business for 38 years. Back in 1950, he charged only 35 yen --- not much compared with the 3,200 yen he receives today for a cut and shampoo. At today's exchange rates, $22 for a haircut might seem expensive, but I think it's one of the best deals in town.You always have to wait in line at Mr. Tanaka's shop : He doesn't take reservations because he doesn't need to. But when your time comes, Mr. Tanaka directs you to the seat of honor.Soon his wife is feverishly shampooing your hair, massaging your scalp with a special brush. While she scrubs, Mr. Tanaka is busy at the next chair, applying the finishing snips and snaps to another client. This tag-team approach keeps the shop running at full capacity.Mr. Tanaka typically spends about 45 minutes cutting your hair, scrutinizing the symmetry of the sideburns with the utmost care. His cutting skills are superb, but it is in conversation that he truly excels. He knows when to talk, when to listen and when to utter the drawn-out guttural grunt of approval so common in Japanese. These insightful yet subtle dialogues with his clients create the cornerstone of Mr.Tanaka's thriving business: the repeat customer, every retailer's dream.For the rare client not "hooked" by pleasant conversation , Mrs. Tanaka's shaving technique, with a straight-edged razor, is the showstopper. First, she places a hot towel over your face, then wipes your face with moisturizing oil.She applies another hot towel to remove the oil and lathers you up with warm shaving cream. Finally, she methodically spends fifteen minutes shaving off every last whisker---including any stray hairs that might have found their way to your forehead or earlobes. The oil and hot-towel procedure is repeated and the reclining customer is gently coaxed into returning to earth.Foreign businessmen trying to figure our what makes Japan's economy so successful might do well to visit a Japanese barbershop. Impeccable service isn't extra here, it's included the price of admission.61. An attention to detail has made "Japan Inc."A. a good place for touristsB. a land of many barbershopsC. a prosperous economic powerD. a famous resort62. In Japanese barbershops, barbersA. rush customers outB. never talk about politicsC. talk with customers and work leisurelyD. are rather impatient with customers63. Relaxation and sensual pleasure areA. admitted goals of customersB. not possible in the busy atmosphereC. not appreciated by hurried customersD. not available to customers64. Because Mr. Tanaka's shop is s popular,A. reservations are requiredB. people wait in lineC. he is opening another new storeD. he becomes famous for that65. Not only is Mr. Tanaka a good barber, but he is alsoA. skilled at conversationB. an expert in shaving techniquesC. a local politicianD. a psychologistPassage TwoMincerva was the goddess of wisdom, but on one occasion she did a very foolish thing; she entered into competition with Juno and Venus for the prize of beauty. It happened thus: At the nuptials of Peleus and Theetis all the gods were invited with the exception of Eris, or Discord. Enraged at her exclusion, the goddess threw a golden apple among the guests, with the inscription (题词), "For the fairest." Thereupon Juno, Venus, and Minerva each claimed the apple. Jupiter, not willing to decide in so delicate a matter, sent the goddesses to Mount Ida, where the beautiful shepherd Paris was tending his flocks, and to him was committed the decision. The goddesses accordingly appeared before him. Juno promised him power and riches, Minerva glory and renown in war, and Venus the fairest of women his wife, each attempting to bias his decision in her own favor. Paris decided in favour of Venus and gave her the golden apple, thus making the two other goddesses his enemies. Under the protection of Venus, Paris sailed to Greece, and was hospitably received by Menelaus. king of Sparta. Now Helen, the wife of Menelaus, was the very woman whom Venus had destined for Paris, the fairest of her sex. She had been sought as a bride by numerous suitors, and before her decision was made known, they all, at the suggestion of Ulysses, one of their number, took an oath that they would defend her from all injury and avenge her cause if necessary. She chose Menelaus, and was living with him happily when Paris became their guest . Paris aided by Venus, persuaded her to elope （私奔）with him, and carried her to Troy, whence arose the famous Trojan war, the theme of the greatest poems of antiquity, those of Homer and Virgil.Menelaus called upon his brother chieftains（首领）of Greece to fulfill their pledge, and join him in his efforts to recover his wife. They generally came forward, but Ulysses, who had married Penelope, and was very happy in his wife and child, had no disposition to embark in such a troublesome affair. He therefore hung back and Palamedes was sent to urge him. When Palamedes arrived at Ithaca Ulysses pretended to be mad. He yoked （用牛轭套住）an ass and an ox together to the plough and began to sow salt. Palamedes, to try him, placed the infant Telemachus before the plough, whereupon the father turned the plough aside, showing plainly that he was no madman, and after that could no longer refuse to fulfill his promise. Being now himself gained for the undertaking, he lent his aid to bring in other reluctant chiefs, especially Achilles. This hero was the son of that Thetis at whose marriage the apple of Discord had been thrown among the goddesses. Thetis was herself one of the immortals, a sea-nymph (海仙女), and knowing that her son was fated to perish before Troy if he went on the expedition, she endeavoured to prevent his going . She sent him away to the court of King Lycomedes, and induced him to conceal himself in the disguise of a maidenamong the daughters of the king. Ulysses, hearing he was there, went disguised as a merchant to the palace and offered for sale female ornaments, among which he had placed some arms. While the king's daughters were engrossed with the other contents of the merchant' s pack, Achilles handled the weapons and thereby betrayed himself to the keen eye of Ulysses, who found no great difficulty in persuading him to disregard his mother's prudent counsels and join his countrymen in the war.66. Bulfinch describes Jupiter as u nwilling to “decide in so delicate a matter” (lines 6), implyingthatA. Jupiter is usually heavy-handedB. any decision is bound to offend someoneC. Jupiter to overly sensitive.D. the problems are so obscure that no one can judge them.67. The word disposition (line 22) is used to meanA. inclinationB. natureC. integrityD. value68. The sowing of salt is used by Bulfinch to showA. Ulysses's attempt to be found insaneB. the difficulty of cultivating in rocky soilC. how the tears of the gods created the seaD. the god's punishment of those who disobey them69. Bulfinch reveals that Thetis is a sea-nymphy in order to explainA. why she married PeleusB. why she dislikes the idea of warC. the effect of the apple of DiscordD. her ability to predict the future70.. Among the chieftains of Greece apparently areA. Juno, Venus, and MinervaB. Paris and LycomedesC. Ulysses, Achilles, and MenelausD. Eris and ThetisPassage ThreeOn the whole, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration has always treated Mars with respect. American spacecraft have flown by, orbited and even landed on the Red Planet. What they've never done is wound it. If scientists ever hope to understand Mars fully, however, they are going to have to puncture the dry Martian crust to sample the planetary pulp below. Next week NASA will launch a ship that will begin that process.The first ship of the two-spacecraft mission --- set to fly Dec. 10---is the Mars Climate Orbiter.Arriving in September 1999, the spacecraft will enter an orbit of the planet that traces a path over the Martian poles, allowing it to study the local atmosphere. Its orbit will position it perfectly to act as a relay satellite for a ny later ship that may land on the surface. That’s a good thing, since three weeks or so after the orbiter leaves Earth, NAS will launch another spacecraft, the more ambitious Mars Polar Lander.A spindly machine standing 107 cm tall, the lander is set to arrive in December 1999, aiming to touch down near Mars’ south pole, one of the few sports on the freeze-dried planet that is likely to contain some water. Just before reaching the Martian atmosphere, the lander will release a pairs of tapered pods(锥形分离舱) , each about the size of a basketball, made of brittle silica. Plunging ahead of the ship , the projectiles will free-fall to the surface and strike the ground at 650 km/h.The pods are designed to shatter on impact, releasing a pair of 18-cm probes. Slamming into the surface, the probes are supposed to drive themselves 120 cm into the Martian crust. Once buried, they will deploy tiny drills and begin sampling the chemical makeup of the soil around them. Scientists believe that chemistry could be remarkably rich. "The surface of Mars has been pretty well sterilized(消毒) by ultraviolet radiation," says Sam Thurman, the missions flight-operations manager.Only minutes after the probes hit the ground, the lander will follow, descending by parachute and braking engine. Bristling with cameras and sensors, it will study Mars' terrain and weather, snapping pictures both during its descent and on the surface. It will also carry a microphone to record for the first time the sound of the Martain wind. More important, the ship will be equipped with a robotic arm and scoop , much like the arms carried aboard the Viking landers in the 1970s. Unlike the Vikings, though, which were able to paw just a few feeble cm into the Martian topsoil, the new ship will dig out a trench nearly 90 cm deep.How long all this otherworldly hardware will operate is uncertain. The probes, powered by batteries, should wink out within three days. The lander, with robust solar panels to keep it humming, could last three months. But even if the systems do not survive that long, their work could be profound. After all, scientists have spent years studying just the Martian skin; this will be their first chance to dig a little deeper.71. We learn from the first paragraph that, in order to have a thorough knowledge of Mars, weneed ___.A. to treat Mars with more respect than everB. to have more spacecraft orbit the Red PlanetC. to protect the Red Planet more carefully and not to wound itD. to penetrate the crust of the Red Planet to take Martian samples72. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. The spacecraft that is to arrive in September 1999 contains a pair of tapered pods.B. Mars Polar Lander will carry out more important missions than Mars Climate Orbiter.C. The difference between Viking landers and Mars Polar Lander is that the former was unableto land on Mars.D. The mission of Mars Climate Orbiter is to study the local atmosphere and Mars terrain,snapping pictures both during its descent and on the surface.73. The primary purpose of the passage is to ___.A. stress the importance of exploring MarsB. outline the general features of MarsC. describe in detail the way of landing of Mars Polar LanderD. introduce the mission of the two spacecraft which are due to launch in 1999.74. We learn from the passage that ___.A. Mars Climate Orbiter will serve as a space base for any later ship that may land on thesurface of MarsB. Mars' south pole is more likely to contain life because it contains waterC. Mars Polar Lander will strike the surface of Mars at 650 km/hD. the chemical makeup of the soil on the surface of Mars will be similar to that of the earth75. From the context, we can infer the meaning of "bristling" (line 2, para. 4 ) may be ___.A. abundant inB. sending outC. reactingD. taking upPassage FourAn outsider approaches the subject lively, lest civic(市民的；城市的) feelings be bruised. Los Angeles gives the impression of having erased much of its history by allowing the city's development to run unchecked. Insiders like Dolores Hayden...pull no punches: "It mon," she wrote, "for fond residents to quote Gertrude Stein's sentence about Oakland when summing up urban design in Los Angeles: "There's no there, there.'" Hayden has also acknowledged that Los Angles is generally "the first (American city) singled out as having a problem about sense of place." Both statements come from a handsome brochure-cum-itinerary, drawn up by Hayden, Gail Dubrow, and Carolyn Flynn to introduce The Power of Place, a local nonprofit group with a mission to retrieve some of the city's misplaced" there."Founded by Hayden in 1982, The Power of Place lays special emphasis on redressing an imbalance in memory---and memorials. As Hayden has pointed out, in 1987 less than half the population of Los Angeles was Anglo-American; yet almost 98 percent of the city's cultural historic landmarks were devoted to the history and accomplishments of Anglo-Americans. Even these personages(名人，要人) come from a narrow spectrum of achievers---in Hayden's phrase, "a small minority of landholders, bankers, business leaders, and their architects" ----almost all of whom were male...The likeliest explanation for this under-representation may be an urban variation on thegreat-man theory of history: History is what public figures do, and by their civic monuments shall you know them ---especially the structures they designed or built. In Hayden's view, however, "The task of choosing a past for Los Angeles is a political as well as historic and cultural one, " and the unexamined preference for architecture as the focus of historic preservation efforts can slight less conscious but perhaps equally powerful human forces. Hayden's goal has been to supplement the city's ample supply of mono-cultural landmarks and memorials with others representing its ethnic and gender-based diversity. Accordingly, some sites need new status as official land-marks, others need reinterpretation. Other sites no longer contain structures emblematic(作为标志的) of their histories or are located in blighted neighborhoods; these do not readily lend themselves to。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：99
2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Our generation has made such immense discoveries and achieved such undreamed enrichments of the outside of life, that it has lost touch with the inside of life. It has forgotten the true riches and beauties of its spiritual inheritance: riches and beauties that go far beyond our modern chatter about values and ideals. The mind's search for more breadth has obscured the heart's craving for more depth. Once again man has become the dupe of his own cleverness. And because it is difficult to attend to more than a few things at a time, we leave out a great range of experiences which comes in by another route and tells us of another kind of life. Our interest rushes out to the farthest limits of the universe, but we seldom take a sounding of the ocean beneath our restless keels. We get, therefore, a queer feeling that we are leaving something out. Knowledge has grown; but wisdom, savoring the deep wonder and mystery of life, lingers far behind. Thus the life of the human spirit, which ought to maintain a balance between the world visible and the world invisible, is thrown out of gear.1.Which of the following may best serve as the title of the passage?2.The author of this passage implies his concern over man's （）3.The author suggests that man needs to（）4.Which of the following is implied in the passage?5.What is something that we are leaving out according to the author?问题1选项A.Man's Need for Wisdom.B.The Invisible World.C.The Heart and Mind of Man.D.The Growth of Knowledge.问题2选项A.inhumanity to other menB.emphasis on the materialistic in lifeC.explorations in the farthest limits of the universeck of knowledge of the visible world问题3选项A.be cleverer.B.learn to do more than one thing at a timeC.give more attention to the spiritD.become more social问题4选项A.The soul of men is restless.B.People spend too much time in idle talk.C.Man is too concerned with things of the spirit.D.Man should search for more breadth in his life.问题5选项A.Immense discoveriesB.Undreamed enrichments of the outside of lifeC.WisdomD.Knowledge【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:C第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.主旨大意题。
2012年华东师范大学考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】
2012年华东师范大学考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】2012年华东师范大学考博英语真题及详解时间：180分钟Paper One注意：答案请做在答题卡上，做在试题上一律无效Part I Vocabulary and Structure(15%)Directions:There are30incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer SheetⅠwith a single line through the center 1.The concept of vocational or professional identity differs______between the United Sates and Japan.A.clearB.markedlyC.outstandinglyD.greedily【答案】B【解析】句意：美国和日本在职业或专业身份的概念定义上存在明显差异。
markedly明显地；显著地。
clear清楚的；明显的。
outstanding杰出的；突出的。
greedily贪婪地；贪食地。
此处需要的是具有“明显，显著”含义的副词。
2.Now that her son was old enough to support the family,Mr.Williams decided to leave everything at his______.A.handB.advocacyC.tacklingD.disposal【答案】D【解析】句意：既然她的儿子已长大到足以支撑整个家庭，威廉姆斯先生决定将所有事都交给他来处理。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：36
2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The growth of population during the past few centuries is no proof that population will continue to grow straight upward toward infinity and doom. On the contrary, demographic history offers evidence that population growth has not been at all constant. According to paleo-ecologist Edward Deevey, the past million years show three momentous changes. The first, a rapid increase in population around one million B.C., followed the innovations of tool-making and tool-using. But when the new power from the use of tools had been exploited, the rate of world population growth fell and became almost stable.The next rapid jump in population started perhaps 10.000 years ago, when men began to keep herds, plow and plant the earth. Once again when initial productivity gains had been absorbed, the rate of population growth abated.These two episodes suggest that the third great change, the present rapid growth, which began in the West between 250 and 350 years ago, may also slow down when, or if technology begins to yield fewer innovations. Of course, the current knowledge revolution may continue without foreseeable end. Either way—contrary to popular belief in constant geometric growth—population can be expected in the long run to adjust to productivity. And when one takes this view, population growth is seen to represent economic progress and human triumph rather than social failure.1.In the passage, when did the first significant demographic change occur?2.What did human beings learn to do when the 2nd demographic change took place?3.What is found to have close relationship with rapid increase in population?4.What can be concluded when the current tide of knowledge revolution ebbs?5.What is the concept most people have on population growth?问题1选项A.Three to four centuries ago.B.Ten thousand years ago.C.At a time when steamed engine was invented.D.At a time when human beings began to use tools.问题2选项A.To use stone.B.To plant the earth.C.To build aircraft.D.To derive automobiles.问题3选项A.War between 2 centuries.B.Ways discovered to increase productivity.C.Migration from a continent to another continent.D.A new religion beginning to be accepted by people.问题4选项A.Productivity will rise.B.Productivity will receive no impact.C.Population growth will slow down.D.Population growth will become accelerated.问题5选项A.The population is always in constant geometric growth.B.Rapid growth is followed by stable growth.C.Decelerated growth is followed by a declineD.No growth at all.【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:B第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。
2013年华东师范大学考博英语真题试卷_真题(含答案与解析)-交互
2013年华东师范大学考博英语真题试卷(总分156, 做题时间90分钟)1. Structure and Vocabulary1.A good teacher must know how to______his students to work hard at the subject he teaches.SSS_SINGLE_SELA mortifyB motivateC multiplyD muster该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:B解析：A项mortify“抑制，约束”；B项motivate“激励，激发”；C项multiply“乘，增加”；D项muster“召集”。
根据词意辨析可知B正确。
2.We need all information______to the economic aspects of **pany's activities.SSS_SINGLE_SELA perceptibleB pertainingC periodicD persistent该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:B解析：A项perceptible“可察觉的，可感知的”；B项pertaining“附属的，与……有关的”，常与to连用，意为“与……有关”；C项periodic“周期的”；D项persistent“固执的”。
3.Our hotel can______double the number of guests participating in your conference.SSS_SINGLE_SELA ascribeB accommodateC assertD avert该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:B解析：A项ascribe“归因于”；B项accommodate“容纳”；C项assert“维护”；D项avert“避免”。
4.Most adults do not feel______to deal with a medical emergency involving a child.SSS_SINGLE_SELA compatibleB considerateC competentD confidential该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:C解析：A项compatible“能共处的”；B项considerate“体贴的”；C项competent“胜任的，足够的”；D项confidential“机密的”。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：5
2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Life insurance is financial protection for dependents against loss（）the breadwinner's death.问题1选项A.at the cost ofB.on the verge ofC.as a result ofD.for the sake【答案】C【解析】短语辨析。
at the cost of 以…为代价；on the verge of接近于, 源临于；as a result of 因为, 由于；for the sake of为了…的缘故。
句意：人寿保险可以在养家糊口的人死后, 为抚养其家属提供经济保障。
选项C符合句意。
2.单选题In trying to solve the problem we seem to have exhausted all the（）that the brain of man could suggest.问题1选项A.ingenuityB.nuancesC.ingenuousnessD.nourishments【答案】D【解析】名词辨析题。
ingenuity精巧、独创性；nuances细微差别；ingenuousness正直、老实；nourishments 食物、营养品。
句意：在试图解决这个问题的过程中，我们似乎耗尽了人类大脑所能提供的所有营养。
这里引申为“绞尽脑汁”。
选项D符合句意。
3.单选题Economics involves the study of topics like wealth and poverty, money and banks, incomes, taxes, prosperity and depression, big business and labor unions, and hundreds of other matters that intimately affect the way we live. Economic forces surround our daily lives, influencing how easy or how hard it is to get a job, how much we can earn in our chosen occupations, and how much our paychecks will buy after we receive them.Economic factors are major concerns in government’s decisions about how much to spend and for what purposes, and how much to raise in taxes and who should be taxed as well as in their evaluations of the consequences of war, peace, and disarmament. Urban slums, job discrimination, unequal educational opportunities, and civil rights have important consequences for all of us for both those who are discriminated against and those who are not. At a still more global level economic factors are involved in birth, health, death, population growth, and the dynamics of history.In fact, probably without exception, each topic in economics not only touches somewhere on your own personal life but is also important to some current economic problems of government on social policy and is, at the same time, involved in the long-range concerns of human history.The common thread that runs through all of these topics, binding them together into a coherent body of study, is that one way or another each deals with the way society produces and uses goods and services. Practically nothing that we eat, wear, or use comes to us directly from nature. A loaf of bread is the end result of long series of operations that begins with planting and harvesting grain and proceeds through milling, baking, and shipping to the point at which the housewife can pick the loaf off the grocer’s shelf. The driver filli ng his tank at a services station is taking the final step in a long chain of activities: drilling oil wells, moving petroleum in ships and pipelines, chemical treatment, refining and storage. The same is generally true of all goods.The process of bridging the gap between the original resources of nature and needs of the final consumer is production. Production includes any activity that makes goods and services available to people. It is not restricted to work on tangible physical commodities, but encompasses services as well. Doctors, lawyers, teachers, and barbers are productive, as are actors, musicians, entertainers, and others who perform services for our benefits.1.Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?2.We may infer from the con text that the word “encompass” (Line 4, Paragraph 5) means（）3.According to the passage, economics is the study of （）4.Which of the following statements is TRUE?5.Which of the following can be learned from the passage?问题1选项A.Economic factors influence our daily life.B.Economic factors are major concerns in government’s decisions about some policies.C.What we study in economics is how governments influence the use of land, labor, capital, etc.D.The services of wholesalers, retailers and bankers are an important part of the productive process.问题2选项A.surroundB.encloseC.encircleD.include问题3选项A.production and consumptionernment’s policyC.activities that make goods available to peopleD.consequences of war and peace.问题4选项A.The services of doctors, lawyers and teachers are unproductive.B.Economic factors are involved in the development of history.C.All that we eat, wear, or use comes to us directly from nature.D.Job discrimination and unequal educational opportunities have important consequences only for those who are discriminated against.问题5选项A.Urban slums, job discrimination, unequal educational opportunities, and civil rights are excluded from economic factors.B.Each topic in economics deals with the way society produces and uses goods and services.ernment policies determine the link between the resources of nature and needs of the consumer.D.A housewife cannot pick a loaf of bread off the grocer’s shelf unless there is a good harvest.【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:A第4题:B第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。
2009年华东师范大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2009年华东师范大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. Chinese-English Translation 6. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．Mr. Smith is supposed______for Italy last week.A．to have leftB．having leftC．to leaveD．to be leaving正确答案：A解析：句子大意为：史密斯先生上周就——动身去意大利了。
本题考查常用动词suppose的用法。
sb．be supposed to do sth．相当于sb．should do sth．，意为“某人应该做某事”；sb．be supposed to have done sth．相当于sb．should have done sth．，意为“某人本应该做某事”。
由于本题涉及过去的时间，故须使用完成时态，表示虚拟语气。
所以，正确答案是A。
2．With an initial investment of only ten thousand dollars, both partners have increased their money______.A．by two thousand moreB．by two thousandC．for two thousand moreD．for two thousand正确答案：B解析：句子大意为：由于初始投资只有一万美元，双方各自又——了两千美元。
本题考查常用动词的搭配用法。
动词increase常和介词by搭配，表示具体增加的量。
副词more在本题中属于累赘。
所以，正确答案是B。
3．A______from every person, no matter how small, will help the Red Cross reach its goal of $100,000.A．contractB．concentrationC．contributionD．construction正确答案：C解析：句子大意为：不论多么微小的个人——都有助于红十字会实现其十万美元的募捐目标。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：31
2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题Put the following into English.十九世纪末, 中国开始举办师范教育。
1949年中华人民共和国成立之后, 在各级政府的关心和支持下, 中国师范教育进入了前所未有的发展阶段。
在科学技术迅猛发展的今天, 振兴经济的希望在教育, 教师队伍的数量和质量对教育发展具有决定性的影响。
在中国这样一个拥有世界教师总量五分之一的庞大教师队伍的国家,人民教师的地位和作用直接关系到教育事业乃至整个国家的发展。
师范教育(teacher education)【答案】At the end of 19th century, the teacher education began in China. Since the foundation of People’s Republic of China in 1949, it has undergone an unprecedented development thanks to solicitude and support of the central and local government With the rapid development of technology and science nowadays, education becomes vital to the growth of economy. Its development, however, is determined by the number an professional expertise of teachers. China owns one-fifth of the teachers of the whole world, and the development of the educational issues and even the whole country are directly affected by the status and function of the teachers.2.单选题The Anti-Japanese War（）in 1937.问题1选项A.was happenedB.broke outC.was brokenD.was broken out【答案】B【解析】语法题。
华东师范大学2003年博士生入学考试英语试卷及答案
华东师范⼤学2003年博⼠⽣⼊学考试英语试卷及答案华东师范⼤学2003年招收博⼠学位研究⽣⼊学考试英语试卷Paper OnePart I Listening Comprehension 15% (20 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear ten short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A. From the policemen. C. In the town.B. In the car. D. At the police station.2. A. Doctor. C. Receptionist.B. Secretary. D. Patient.3. A. Mr. Bixy's secretary. C. A typist.B. Mr. Bixby's friend. D. Mr. Bixby's client.4. A. Ron. C. Lucy.B. Ron's friend. D. Lucy's husband.5. A. Visiting as many places as he can. C. Visiting his friends here.B. Visiting a variety of museums. D. Visiting the art museums.6. A. The first speaker's is going to spend the weekend there and then visit some friends.B. The first speaker is going to visit some friends there.C. The first speaker is going to attend a conference there.D. The first speaker is going to see a doctor there.7. A. Making some money.B. This spring.C. Thinking.D. Putting on a show.8. A. By subway. C. By bus.B. By taxi. D. On foot.9. A. 39 B. 27 C.54 D. 9310. A. The second speaker had a very serious accident.B. The first speaker is feeling well.C. The first speaker doesn't know what happened to the second speaker.D. The first speaker thought that the accident was not serious.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage 1Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A. Why people need to sleep. C. Two purposes of sleep.B. Two kinds of sleep. D. Why and how people sleep.12. A. Active sleep. C. Physical sleep.B. Passive sleep. D. Emotional sleep.13. A. Only when people sleep well, will they feel rested.B. Dreaming occurs in active sleep and helps restore our energy.C. All people dream for one and a half hours during eight hours of sleep.D. Dreaming won't occur until the passive sleep period is over.Passage 2Questions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A. Chinese readers. C. The Romans.B. German readers. D. Non-Chinese.15. A. The first of January. C. The middle of winter.B. The middle of November. D. The beginning of the harvest season16.A. It means a period of rest from workB. It brings us a good life.C. It symbolizes a new life with new hope.D. It embodies a happy occasion.17. A. The celebration of the New Y ear.B. The difference between the western New Y ear and Chinese New Y ear.C. The origin of the New Y ear festival.D. The significance of the New Y ear festival.Passage 3Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A. When she was a graduate. C. When she entered a university.B. At the age of sixteen. D. Before she entered a university.19. A. Because she wanted to make friends with the staff.B. Because she wanted to earn extra money for the summer vacation.C. Because she wanted to get some experience in a hotel.D. Not mentioned.20. The head waiter had a sense of humorB. The woman didn't care much about her appearance.C. The woman was easy-going and carefree.D. The hotel was not far from where they lived.Part II Vocabulary (10%) (10 minutes)Directions: Below each sentence, there are four words marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the sentenceor that best completes the sentence. Write the corresponding letter onyour Answer Sheet.21. Smith's position in this agency provides him with authority to award contracts and to __ obligations for payment of bills as well.A. incure C. resumeB. support D. incite22. For all her rich experience in practicing law, the lawyor failed to pry much information out of the witness.A. sophisticated C. obstinateB. sober D. gloomy23. Shanghai Orient Men Basketball Team attributed its National League Basketball Tournament in 2002 to a number of factors.A. losing...ominous C. winning...advantageousB. embarrassing...optimistic D. winning...adventurous24. A(n) of employment opportunities prospective employees entering the job market.A. excess...impedes C lack…inspiresB. surfeit...hinder D. dearth...discourages25. Anyone who believes that war is stupid and unnecessary thinks that to lose one's life on the battlefield is .A. glorious C. heroicB. futitle D. courageous26. Unruly people may well become if they are delt with by the people around them.A. composed...respect C. angry...benevolenceB. clam...irritation D. dangerous...favoured27. I was absolutely when I received a C on the exam in mathematics, for I was positive that I could have got an A.A. elated C. incitedB. frustrated D. contented28. In this youthhood, Jack was withdrawn, preferring the company of books to that of people; consequently, in his adulthood Jack was socially .A. successful C tranquil29. Scientists believe that a conclusion which is drawn readily before all of the relevant data are collected, analyzed and contemplated is called .A. insincere C. prematureB. premise D. presumption30. The advancement of science and technology has demonstrated that a fact appearing to contradict to certain theory may actually be a more advanced formulation of that theory.A. consistent with C. eliminated byB. in opposition to D. incompatible with31. Nancy is an advocate of consumer rights and has spent a great part of her professional career attempting to __ the deceitful claims of business companies.A. show onB. show outC. show offD. show up32. The lover of democracy has an towards totalitarianism.A. empathy C. sympathyB. antipalthy D. symphony33. As he has faith in Mary's integrity, Mr. Lee offers to with the president on her behalf concerning the "cheating" matter.A. interrupt C. interjectB. interfere D. intervene34. Jenny's wealth of practical experience and psychological acuity (sharpness) more than her lack of formal academic training.A. compensate for C. speak volumes forB. account for D. make for35. Applied science is discovering ways to use the knowledge of theoretical science.A. concerned about C. concerned forB. combined with D. concerned with36. The former president is to verify at a human rights court heating cases of atrocities.A. testify C. provide37. As is known to all, the rail service now operates without a sum of money granted by the government for assistance.A. bonus C. yieldB. pension D. subsidy38. In the Anti-Japanese War, flexibility and mobility were the features of the Chinese Eighth Route Army and Communist guerrillas.A. characters C. contributesB. attributes D. properties39. As a yieldance to the public outcry, the government reduced the tax on income.A. recession C. concessionB. permission D. possession40. In the dim light, I managed to discern the shadowy figure of a big dog among the trees.A. make off C. make outB. make up D. make overIII. Structure (5%) (10 minutes)Directions: There are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D beneath each sentence. You are to choose the one which can best complete the sentenceif inserted at the blank space. Write the corresponding letter on yourAnswer Sheet.41. If this evil man remained unpunished, our social moral standard .A. will undermine' C. would be underminedB. would undermine D. will be undermined42. Mary' s eyes are red now, she must on hearing the sad news.A. cry C. be cryingB. have been crying D. have cried43. She brought her rage under control, her smiling face her real feeling.A. disguised C. disguiseB. disguising D. to disguise44. The mechanic couldn't operate the machine his efforts.A. for all C. but forB. owing to D. according to45. Eating more nutritious food than is needed doesn't make it function better, overfilling the tank makes a car move faster.A. not more than C. less thanB. no more than D. any more than46. David was so careful on the test that his paper was .A. with some errors C. full of errorsB. free from errors D. not having some errors47. The TV star accompanied by many fans deliver a speech in no time.A. are to C. is toB. are being to D. is being to48. The manager thinks it desirable that some adjustments without delay.A. are made C. be madeB. made D. will be made49. I met with something difficult to deal with and intended to turn to my teachers for help yesterday. I rushed into the officeonly to find not a single teacher there.A. I could consult C. I could consult withB. could I consult on D. could I consult50. revealed the secret?A. Who was it that C. Who was it whoB. It was who that D. It was whom thatIV. Error Identification (5%) (10 minutes)Directions:There are four underlined words or parts marked A, B, C and D in each of the following sentences. Choose the one that you think incorrect, andwrite the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.51. Many motions submitted at the first session of the 10th National People's Congress called forABguarantees of the rights of laid -off workers, migrant labourers except for safeguardsfor theCDnational economy and social security system.52. To meet increasing demand, Shanghai has embarked upon the huge ShanghaiA BHarbour International Passenger Terminal Centre, locating on the City's HuanpuCRiver, at a cost of 3.2 billion yuan.D53. This scenic capital began construction of a massive project comprises a waterA B Cpipeline network and two water processing plants.D54. The training of performers, directors, and designers have been the purpose ofA B CAmerican National Theatre and Academy for over 50 years.D55. The infectious disease was broken out in Hainan that summer and hundreds ofA Bpeople were dead, many children included.C D56. I intended to have her accompany me to the concert yesterday evening, but sheA Brejected my request.C D57. All these dictionaries which have been donated by a publishing house are to beA B C Dused by the students here.58. Were it not for his illness last week, he would have been quite enthusiastic aboutA B Cthe plan and done something for it.D59. So far as the influence of computerization is concerned, nowhere we can see theA Bresults more clearly than in the US, which really have amazed us.C D60. Come in and have a look at the person seated by the window. He is no more a manA B Cthan the one you are looking for.DV. Reading (25%) (60 minutes)Directions: Read the fotlowing five passages carefully, choose the best answer to each question from the four choices given, and then write thecorresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.Passage 1Birds sometimes exhibit benevolent feelings; they will feed the deserted young ones even of distinct species, but this perhaps ought to be considered as a mistaken instinct. They will feed, as shown in an earlier part of this work, adult birds of their own species which have become blind. Mr. Buxton gives a curious account of a parrot which took care of a frost-bitten and crippled bird of a distinct species, cleansed her feathers and defended her from the attacks of the other parrots which roamed freely about his garden. It is a still more curious fact that these birds apparently evince some sympathy for the pleasures of their fellows. When a pair of cockatoos made a nest in an acacia tree "it was ridiculous to see the extravagant interest taken in the matter by the others of the same species." These parrots also evinced unbounded curiosity and clearly had "the idea of property and possession." They have good memories, for in the Zoological Gardens they have plainly recognized their former masters after an interval of some months.Birds possess acute powers of observation. Every mated bird, of course, recognizes its fellow. Audubon states that a certain number of mating thrushes (Mimus polyglottus) remain all the year round in Louisiana, while others migrate to the Eastern States; these latter on their return are instantly recognized and always attacked by their southern brethren. Birds under confinement distinguish different persons, as is proved by the strong and permanent antipath or affection which they show without any apparent cause toward certain individuals. I have heard ofnumerous instances with jays, partridges, canaries, and especially bullfinches. Mr. Husscy has described in how extraordinary a manner a tamed partidge recognized everybody; and its likes and dislikes were very strong This bird seemed "fond of gay colors, and no new gown or cap could be put on without catching his attention." Mr. Hcwitt has described the habits of some ducks (recenfiy descended from wild birds) which at the approach of a strange dog or cat would rush headlong into the water and exhaust themselves in their attempts to escape; but they knew Mr. Hewitt's own dogs and catsso well that they would lie down and bask in the sun close to them. They always moved away from a strange man, and so they would from the lady who attended them if she made any great change in her dress. Audubon relates that he reared and tamed a wild turkey which always ran away from any strange dog; this bird escaped into the woods, and some days afterward Audubon saw, as he tho ught, a wild turkey and made his dog chase it; but to his astonishment the bird did not nm away, and the dog when he came up did not attack the bird, for they mutually recognized each other as old friends.Mr. Jenner Weir is convinced that birds pay particular attention to the colors of other birds, sometimes out of jealousy and sometimes as a sign of kinship. Thus he turned a reed-bunting (Emberiza sehoeniculus), which had acquired its black headdress, into his aviary, and the newcomer was not noticed by any bird except by a bullfinch, which is likewise black-headed_ This bullfinch was a very quiet bird, and had never before quarreled with any of its comrades, including another reed-bunting, which had not as yet become black-headed; but the reed-bunting with a black head was so unmercifully treated that it had to be removed.61. Why does Darwin cite Mr. Buxton?A. To support his theory about birds' powers of observation.B. To support his statement about birds' benevolence.C. To contrast with his own observations of birds,D. Both A and B.62. Why does Darwin mention jays, partridges, canaries, and bullfinches?A. To explain why some birds cannot be trained.B. To educate his reader on types of local birds.C. To contrast with a later discussion of shore birds.D. To support his discussion of birds' memories.63. What does Darwin mean by "a sign of kinship"A. Mark of common parentage.B. Premonition of future union.C. Symbol of compatibility.D. Evidence of family relationship.64. A good title for paragraph 3 might beA. "Different-Colored Birds"B. "Bullfinches and Their Colors"C. "An Example of Color Recognitiion in Birds"D. "Captive Birds"65. The main purpose of this passage is toA. compare three species of birdsB. review current studies of birdsC. compare wild birds to confined birdsD. discuss some traits of birdsPassage 2At the end of what seemed a tedious while, I had managed to pack my head full of islands, towns, bars, "points," and bends; and a curiously inanimate mass of lamber it was, too. However, inasmuch as I could shut my eyes and reel off a good long string of these names without leaving out more than ten miles of river in every filly, I began to feel that I could make her skipthose little gaps. But of course my complacency could hardly get start enough to lift my nose a trifle into the air, before Mr. Bixby would think of something to fetch it down again. One day he turned on me suddenly with this settler:"What is the shape of Walnut Bend?"He might as well have asked me my grandmother's opinion of protoplasm( 原⽣质)。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷19
2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题The waves（）violently against the shore, the people there couldn’t hear them crying for help.问题1选项A.have beatenB.beatC.were beatingD.beating【答案】D【解析】考査非谓语动词。
beat的逻辑主语是the waves，两者为主动关系，所以本题选D。
2.单选题We finally（）the musician to entertain instead of the absent speaker.问题1选项A.descended uponB.prevailed uponC.weighed uponD.looked down upon【答案】B【解析】词组辨析题。
descended upon突然降临、袭击；prevailed upon说服；weighed upon压于、使沉重；looked down upon看不起。
句意：我们最后说服了那位音乐家来代替那位缺席的演讲者。
选项B符合句意。
3.单选题I prefer his plan to yours,（）it is more practical and easier to be carried out.问题1选项A.for whichB.in whichC.for thatD.in that【答案】D【解析】句意：与你的计划相比，我更喜欢他的计划，因为它更实际，更容易执行。
in that表原因，符合句意。
4.单选题The manager gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look for her（）attitude toward customers.问题1选项A.impartialdC.hostileD.opposing【答案】C【解析】impartial公正的；mild温顺的；hostile不友好的；opposing反对的。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：17
2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The notes above were set down for a lecture in 1967, and I find myself now making a few changes to bring them up to date, none of much consequence.（1）I see the case now, there is one point these old notes seem to be driving（2）which never quite gets articulated but which （3）a lot for me these days. It seems（4）, in fact; and especially so perhaps in view of the present condition of American poetry. Far more than the reality of the scene, which I nonetheless highly prize, I would call（5）now to the absolute purity of style achieved in this little masterpiece, and effortlessly achieved, （6）to be equaled even by Williams. Other poems by Williams - certainly poems by other poets — are much richer（7）what they encompass;（8）vision is deeper and the character of the poet stands as a more affecting human presence. Often enough the language is more（9）. But this poem is perfectly said. Lean, streamlined; and there is（10）extra, no excrescence, no excess, no showing off; nor indeed any shortcoming whatever. We have（11）we see; we have it exactly Art can aspire higher and no doubt, at times, should. （12）not always. I think of Wang Wei: the Chinese effect in general, here（13）. I begin to understand how a critic like Winters can argue that the brief lyric may be greater than a complete tragedy,lyric can hope for perfection, a(n) （15）wholeness and unity. One of Williams’ many admirers has written（16）“Between Walls” that since “there is no living thing in the poem - just a mockery of the color of growing plants - the feeling of the p oem is ... sterile and airless.” But this opinion can only be the result of an absurd prejudice, probably got up out of some all（17）simple understanding of the organic and the natural. There is no mockery in this green: imitation, yes, and, one might（18）suggest, a certain pathos and bravery in the imitation. There is more to（19）than that, but there is, just glintingly, that. Meanwhile we do have also, thanking the muse of reality, pieces of a broken bottle, the real thing, as good as（20）green leaf here.问题1选项A.AsB.ThoughC.AndD.Because 问题2选项A.toB.throughC.inD.at问题3选项A.acknowledgesB.calculatesC.makesD.counts问题4选项A.crucialB.impossibleC.mediocreD.unnecessary问题5选项A.forthB.mindC.attentionD.back问题6选项A.alreadyB.rarelyC.surelyD.actually问题7选项A.onB.toC.inD.from问题8选项A.theirB.itsC.whoseD.it’s问题9选项A.vulgarB.virtuousC.brilliantD.favorable问题10选项A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything问题11选项A.thatB.whatC.whichD.and问题12选项A.SoB.ButC.ThusD.For问题13选项A.naturalizedB.socializedC.sympathizedD.philosophized问题14选项A.as long asB.lestC.sinceD.while问题15选项A.unflawedB.mistakenC.fragmentedD.far-fetched问题16选项A.offB.forC.inD.of 问题17选项A.littleB.muchC.veryD.too问题18选项A.evenB.yetC.howeverD.nevertheless问题19选项A.itB.themC.thoseD.these问题20选项A.manyB.muchC.someD.any【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:D第4题:C第5题:C第6题:B第7题:C第8题:A第9题:A第10题:C第11题:B第12题:B第13题:C第14题:C第15题:A第16题:B第17题:D第18题:A第19题:A第20题:D【解析】（1）连词辨析题。
华东师范大学考博英语-试卷1.doc
华东师范大学考博英语-试卷1(总分：148.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：30，分数：60.00)1.Research shows heavy coffee drinking is ______ a small increase in blood pressure, but not enough to increase the risk for high blood pressure.（分数：2.00）A.associated withpared withC.attributed toD.referred to2.A large______of the sunlight never reaches the earth while infra-red heat given off by the earth is allowed to escape freely.（分数：2.00）A.proportionB.ratioC.rateD.fraction3.It is amusing that she______her father's bad temper as well as her mother's good looks.（分数：2.00）A.retainedB.inheritedC.preservedD.maintained4.______the few who have failed in their examination, all the other students in the hall are in very high spirits.（分数：2.00）A.In spite thatB.But forC.For the sake ofD.Apart from5.The decline in moral standards, which has long concerned social analysts, has at last______the attention of average Americans.（分数：2.00）A.clarifiedB.cultivatedC.capturedD.characterized6.That he brought the company big profits wouldn't______putting the company's money into his own pockets.（分数：2.00）A.justifyB.clarifyC.testifyD.amplify7.We're______50 new staff this year as business grows.（分数：2.00）A.taking overB.taking inC.taking onD.taking up8.Is the theory of evolution in direct ______with religious teachings, or does it leave room for debate?（分数：2.00）parisonB.distinctionC.disturbanceD.contradiction9.Libraries are an investment for the future and should not be allowed to fall into______.（分数：2.00）A.dissolutionB.decayC.declineD.depression10.A transplant operation is successful only if doctors can prevent the body from rejecting the ______organ.（分数：2.00）A.borrowedB.strangeC.novelD.foreign11.Then in June 1967 the country______diplomatic relations with Israel after the outbreak of the Six Day War.（分数：2.00）A.broke awayB.broke offC.cut outD.cut down12.Everyone has faced the embarrassing______of deciding how much extra to give a waiter or taxi-driver.（分数：2.00）A.incidentB.eventC.dilemmaD.menace13.The school arranged road trip appears to______the spring break.（分数：2.00）A.conform toB.coincide withC.consist inD.collide with14.The new airport terminal is sure to______the development of tourism.（分数：2.00）A.imitateB.fascinateC.imposeD.facilitate15.The Huntington Library has an______collection of rare books and manuscripts of British and American history and literature.（分数：2.00）A.intensiveB.intentionalC.extensiveD.extensional16.Inflation will reach its highest in a decade across most of Asia this year, threatening to______ recent productivity gains.（分数：2.00）A.reverseB.reserveC.retrieveD.revise17.Those governments will provide big food and fuel______according to the Asian Development Bank.（分数：2.00）A.substitutesB.substancesC.subsequencesD.subsidies18.In mild winters apple buds began to break soon after Christmas, leaving them______to frost damage.（分数：2.00）A.reluctantB.toughC.hostileD.vulnerable19.What is happening is a survival-of-the-fittest struggle affecting ______ smaller factories in relatively low-tech, labor-intensive industries.（分数：2.00）A.primarilyB.rationallyC.primitivelyD.respectively20.A traditional critic has the advantage of being able to______standards and values inherited from the past.（分数：2.00）A.turn upB.turn overC.turn toD.turn in21.Susan never took any cookery courses; she learned cooking by ______ useful tips from TV cookery programs.（分数：2.00）A.bringing upB.picking upC.putting upD.pulling up22.The President______his deputy to act for him while he was abroad.（分数：2.00）A.promotedB.substitutedC.displacedD.authorized23.It______without saying that consumers would be happier if prices were lower.（分数：2.00）A.takesB.appearsC.goesD.makes24.The world economic recession put an______end to the steel market upturn that began in 2002.（分数：2.00）A.irregularB.illegalC.absurdD.abrupt25.I'm______about how you discovered my website, and I'm very glad if you enjoy it.（分数：2.00）A.mysteriousB.furiousC.curiousD.serious26.The Labor Party's electoral strategy, based on an______with other smaller parties, has proved successful.（分数：2.00）A.acquaintanceB.integrationC.intimacyD.alliance27.The new aircraft will be______to a test of temperatures of -65℃ and 120℃.（分数：2.00）A.suspendedB.suppressedC.subjectedD.summoned28.The money I got from teaching on the side was a useful______to my ordinary income.（分数：2.00）A.supplementB.profitC.subsidyD.replacement29.Chinese people are now enjoying better dental heath, as shown by the declining______ of tooth decay.（分数：2.00）A.incidenceB.treatmentC.consequenceD.misfortune30.Many countries have conservation programs to prevent certain ______ of fish from becoming extinct.（分数：2.00）A.sourcesB.speciesC.numbersD.members二、Cloze(总题数：1，分数：40.00)Given the advantage of electronic money, you might think that we should move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically【C1】______, a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been【C2】______for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon "revolutionize the very【C3】______of money itself," only to【C4】______itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so【C5】______in coming? Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work【C6】______the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very【C7】______to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the【C8】______form of payment. Second, paper checks have the advantage that they【C9】______receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to【C10】______. Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of "float" — it takes several days【C11】______a check is cashed and funds are【C12】______from the issuer's account, which means that the writer of the check can earn interest on the funds in the meantime.【C13】______electronic payments are immediate; they eliminate the float for the consumer. Fourth, electronic means of payment may【C14】______security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information【C15】______there. The fact that this is not an【C16】______occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and【C17】______from someone else's accounts. The【C18】______of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to【C19】______security issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic【C20】______that contains a large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.HoweverB.MoreoverC.ThereforeD.Otherwise(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.offB.backC.overD.around(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.powerB.conceptC.historyD.role(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.rewardB.resistC.resumeD.reverse(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.silentB.suddenC.slowD.steady(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.forB.againstC.withD.on(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.imaginativeB.expensiveC.sensitiveD.productive(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.similarB.originalC.temporaryD.dominant(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.collectC.copyD.print(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.give upB.take overC.bring backD.pass down(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.beforeB.afterC.sinceD.when(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.keptB.borrowedC.releasedD.withdrawn(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.UnlessB.UntilC.BecauseD.Though(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.hideB.expressC.raiseD.ease(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.analyzedB.sharedC.storedD.displayed(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.unsafeB.unnaturalC.uncommonD.unclear(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.stealB.chooseC.benefitD.return(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.considerationB.preventionC.manipulationD.justification(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）B.fight againstC.adapt toD.call for(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.chunkB.chipC.pathD.trail三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：42.00)A particular area in which assumptions and values differ between cultures is that of friendship. Friendships among Americans tend to be shorter and less intense than those among people from many other cultures. At least many observers from abroad have this impression. Because Americans are taught to be self-reliant, because they live in a very mobile society, and for many other reasons as well, they tend to avoid deep involvement with other people. Furthermore, Americans tend to "compartmentalize" their friendships, having their "friends at work" , "friends at school" , a "tennis friend" , and so on. Americans often seem very friendly, even when you first meet them. This friendliness does not usually mean that the American is looking for a deeper relationship. The result of these attitudes and behaviors is sometimes viewed by foreigner as an "inability to be friends". Other times it is seen as a normal way to retain personal happiness in a mobile, ever-changing society. People normally have in their minds stereotypes about people who are different from themselves. Stereotypes are based on limited and incomplete experience and information, but they shape people's thoughts and expectations. Americans have many stereotypes about foreign students in general(for example, that they are very hard working, intelligent, and rich; that they do not speak English well)and about particular categories of foreign students(Chinese are polite and good at mathematics, for example, or Italians are emotional). And foreign students have their own stereotypes of Americans, for example, that they are arrogant, rude, and generous. There are two stereotypes that often effect male-female relationships involving U. S. and foreign students. The first is the idea, held by some foreign males, that American females are invariably willing, if not anxious, to have sex. The second common stereotype, held by some American females, is that male foreign students have no interest in American females other than having sex with them. The existence of these and other stereotypes can give rise to considerable misunderstanding and can block the development of a mutually satisfactory relationship between particular individuals. Stereotypes seem unavoidable, given the way the human mind seeks to categorize and classify information, so it is not realistic to suppose people can "forget their stereotypes". But they can be aware of their stereotypes, and be ready to find exceptions to them.（分数：10.00）(1).Concerning friendship, Americans______.（分数：2.00）A.look for a deeper relationship in a close circleB.avoid deep relationship with other peopleC.are friendly at first but do not remain so later onD.do not make good friends(2).The word "compartmentalize" in the first paragraph means " ______".（分数：2.00）A.separate in categoriesB.treat differentlyC.evaluate accordinglyD.judge fairly(3).The author's attitude toward the American type of friendship seems to be______.（分数：2.00）A.approvingB.criticalC.biasedD.objective(4).According to the author, stereotypes concerning male-female relationships involving U. S. and foreign students are______.（分数：2.00）A.helpfulB.meaning lessC.harmfuleless(5).According to the author, stereotypes seem unavoidable because______.（分数：2.00）A.it is natural to have themB.it is easy to find exceptionsC.they provide better understandingD.they contribute to friendshipYou may have wondered why the supermarkets are all the same. It is not because the companies that operate them lack imagination. It is because they all aim at persuading people to buy things. In the supermarket, it takes a while for the mind to get into a shopping mode. This is why the area immediately inside the entrance is known as the " decompression zone". People need to slow down and look around, even if they are regulars. In sales terms this area is bit of a loss, so it tends to be used more for promotion. Immediately inside the first thing shoppers may come to is the fresh fruit and vegetables section. For shoppers, this makes no sense. Fruit and vegetables can be easily damaged, so they should be bought at the end, not the beginning, of a shopping trip. But what is at work here? It turns out that selecting good fresh food is a way to start shopping, and it makes people feel less guilty about reaching for the unhealthy stuff later on. Shoppers already know that everyday items, like milk, are invariably placed towards the back of a store to provide more opportunities to tempt customers. But supermarkets know shoppers know this, so they use other tricks, like placing popular items halfway along a section so that people have to walk all along the aisle looking for them. The idea is to boost "dwell time" : the length of time people spend in a store. Traditionally retailers measure "football" , as the number of people entering a store is known, but those numbers say nothing about where people go and how long they spend there. But nowadays, a piece of technology can fill the gap: the mobile phone. Path Intelligence, a British company tracked people's phones at Gunwharf Quays, a large retailer centre in Portsmouth —not by monitoring calls, but by plotting the positions of handsets as they transmit automatically to cellular networks. It found that when dwell time rose 1 $ sales rose 1. 3% . Such techniques are increasingly popular because of a deepening understanding about how shoppers make choices. People tell market researchers that they make rational decisions about what to buy, considering things like price, selection or convenience. But subconscious forces, involving emotion and memories, are clearly also at work.（分数：10.00）(1).In Paragraph 2, "decompression zone" is the area meant to______.（分数：2.00）A.prepare shoppers for the mood of buyingB.offer shoppers a place to have a restC.encourage shoppers to try new productsD.provide shoppers with discount information(2).Putting fruit-and-vegetable section near the entrance takes advantage of shoppers' ______.（分数：2.00）mon senseB.shopping habitsC.shopping psychologyD.concerns with time(3).Path intelligence uses a technology to______.（分数：2.00）A.measure how long people stay at a storeB.count how many people enter a storeC.find out what people buy in a storeD.monitor what people say and do in a store(4).The author argues that shoppers______.（分数：2.00）A.exert more influence on stores than they imagineB.are more likely to make rational choices than they knowC.have more control over what they buy than they assumeD.tend to make more emotional decisions than they think(5).The best title for the passage is______.（分数：2.00）A.New Technology Boosts Stores' SalesB.How Shoppers Make Choices in StoresC.The Science behind Stores' ArrangementsD.Rational and Irrational Ways of Shopping31.In the past, degrees were very unusual in my family. I remember the day my uncle graduated. We had a huge party, and for many years my mother called him "the genius" and listened to his opinion. Today in comparison, five of my brothers and sisters have degrees, and two are studying for their masters'. However, some people think that this increased access to education is devaluing degrees. People have several arguments against the need for degrees. They say that having so many graduates devalues a degree. People lose respect for the degree holder. It is also claimed that education has become a rat race. Graduates have to compete for jobs even after years of studying. Another point is that studying for such a long time leads to learners becoming inflexible. They know a lot about one narrow subject, but are unable to apply their skills. Employers prefer more flexible and adaptable workers. However, I feel strongly that this move to having more qualifications is a positive development. In the past education was only for the rich and powerful. Now it is available to everyone, and this will have many advantages for the country and the individual. First of all, it is impossible to be overeducated. The more people are exchanging ideas. A further point is that people with degrees have many more opportunities. They can take a wider variety of jobs and do what they enjoy doing, instead of being forced to take a job they dislike. Finally, a highly educated workforce is good for the economy of the country. It attracts foreign investment. In conclusion, although there are undoubtedly some problems with increased levels of education, I feel strongly that the country can only progress if all its people are educated to the maximum of their ability.What can we learn about the author's family?（分数：2.00）A.They used to disregard education.B.They are overeducated now.C.Few members were allowed to go to school in the past.D.There are now more educated members than in the past.I have a vegetable garden and every summer I enjoy eating my own vegetables. One day last summer I picked a dozen carrots. Usually, as soon as I have picked the carrots, I clean the dirt off them by washing them in a bucket of water. But this day, as I was getting up from the ground with my twelve carrots, I tripped(绊)and fell over the bucket. The water spilled out of the bucket, so I decided to wash the carrots quickly in the kitchen sink. I put the carrots in the sink, washed them with water, and watched all the dirt washed away down the drain. The next day, when I was washing dishes, I noticed that the water drained out of the sink much more slowly than usual. It drained so slowly that I called a plumber(水管工)to come and fix my drain. The plumber tried a lot of different cleaners and equipment, but nothing worked. He had to cut a hole in the floor where the drain pipe was in order to try to find the problem. While he was cutting the small hole,he accidentally cut the hot-water pipe. Hot water sprayed over the plumber, onto the floor, under the refrigerator; water went everywhere. My refrigerator stopped working because the water had affected the electrical wires. I called an electrician to come and fix the refrigerator. The electrician had to move the refrigerator to work on the wires. As she was balancing it, she tripped over the plumber's tools. She fell down and the refrigerator tipped over. It crashed into the wall, resulting in a huge hole in the wall. I called a carpenter to come and fix the wall. In order to repair the hole in the wall, the carpenter had to tear down half of the entire wall. Meanwhile, the plumber was still looking for the source of the drain problem. Since the kitchen was in a terrible mess anyway, the plumber decided to remove part of the floor to look at the pipe there. In the middle of the floor, he found the problem: the dirt from the carrots was stuck in the pipe and nothing could go through. Now I had a sink that did not drain, a refrigerator that did not work, a wall that was half gone, and part of a floor that was missing. I looked at this disaster and decided that what I really needed was a new kitchen. Finally, I called a house builder to come and fix my kitchen. Three weeks later I had a new sink, a new refrigerator, new cupboards on a new wall, new tiles on a new floor, and $ 10, 000 less in my bank.（分数：10.00）(1).The carrots were washed in the sink instead of the bucket because______.（分数：2.00）A.the water bucket fell overB.dinner needed to be made soonC.carrots were always washed in itD.they could be washed more cleanly(2).The plumber did all the following EXCEPT______.（分数：2.00）A.cut a hole in the floorB.cut the hot-water pipeC.try different cleanersD.tear down part of the wall(3).Which of the following caused the hole in the wall?（分数：2.00）A.Water that sprayed on it.B.The electrician who worked on the wires.C.The refrigerator that crashed into it.D.The plumber who used a wrong tool.(4).Which of the following items was NOT damaged?（分数：2.00）A.The wallB.The ceilingC.The hot water pipe.D.The floor.(5).The best title of the passage would be "______".（分数：2.00）A.How a dozen carrots cost $ 10, 000B.What the dirt from carrots could doC.Carrots can be very expensiveD.A careless homeownerMore boys than girls are born all over the world, but a new study has found that the closer people live to the equator(赤道), the smaller the difference becomes. No one knows why. The imbalanced sex ratio at birth has been known for more than a hundred years, and researchers have found a large variety of social, economic and biological factors that relate to the sex ratio at birth-war, economic stress, age, diet, selective abortion and more. But latitude(纬度)is a natural phenomenon, unaffected by cultural or economic factors. To look at the effect of latitude, Kristen J. Navara of the University of Georgia used the latitude of the capital city in 202 countries, as well as 10 years of data on sex ratio at birth and annual variations in day length and temperature. Dr. Navara performed a statistical analysis which showed that there was a significant relation betweensex ratios in favor of boys and latitude. African countries produced the lowest sex ratios—50. 7 percent boys—and European and Asian countries had the highest with 51. 4 percent. There are some possible explanations, but none entirely satisfactory. It could be that there is some survival value in producing more girls in warmer regions, but it is unclear what this might be. There may be genetic or racial differences that could explain it, but the connection persists over so many varied populations that this seems unlikely. Mice also produce more male offspring during shorter days or colder weather, but the reasons in these animals are just as mysterious as they are in humans. " There's a possibility that humans might be responding to factors they were programmed to respond to a long time ago-not cultural or socioeconomic, but climate and things like latitude," Dr. Navara said. " What's interesting is that we may be seeing something that connects us with our animal ancestry. "（分数：10.00）(1).What can be learned from the first paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.The closer to the equator, the more boys are born.B.Boys are more used to colder places.C.Girls have a higher birth rate than boys near the equator.D.In warmer places the birth ratio between boys and girls is lower.(2).Out of all the influencing factors of birth ratio, Dr. Navara focuses on______.（分数：2.00）A.cultureB.economytitudeD.stress(3).Dr. Navara reached her conclusion through______.（分数：2.00）paring dataB.field studyC.conducting a surveyD.map reading(4).According to Navara, which of the following probably explains the imbalanced sex ratio?（分数：2.00）A.There is cultural preference for boys.B.Humans are designed that way by nature.C.Different races have different birth ratios.D.Humans are different from animals in birth ratio.(5).What is the purpose of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.To tell a mysterious story.B.To report a scientific experiment.C.To explain an interesting phenomenon.D.To argue for a viewpoint.四、English-Chinese Tran(总题数：1，分数：2.00)32.I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. We have an ordeal of the most grievous kind before us. We have many, many months of struggle and suffering before us. You ask, what is our policy? I say it is to wage war by land, sea and air. War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime. That is our policy. You ask, what is our aim?I can answer in one word, It is victory. Victory at all costs; victory in spite of all terrors; victory, however long and hard the road may be, for without victory there is no survival.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 五、Chinese-English Tran(总题数：1，分数：2.00)33.都市寸土千金，地价炒得越来越高，今后将更高。
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编31(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编31(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．Under the teacher’s stern______, the little boy broke down and confessed to cheating. (2011年华东师范大学试题)A．glanceB．glimpseC．gazeD．stare正确答案：C解析：四个选项的意思分别是glance一瞥，瞥视；glimpse一瞥，一看；gaze 凝视，端详(指长时间目不转睛地看)；stare凝视，瞪视。
句意是在老师严厉的目光下，小男孩的精神防线彻底垮掉了，承认了考试作弊。
所以正确答案是C。
2．To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must______ the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world market demand.(2010年厦门大学考博试题)A．improveB．enhanceC．guaranteeD．gear正确答案：D解析：在给出的选项中：improve“改善，增进”；enhance“增加，提高”；guarantee“保证，担保”；gear(常与to连用)“使适应，使适合”。
根据句意和各个选项的意思可知，正确答案是D。
3．The steam can______ electricity by turning an electric generator.A．causeB．growC．generateD．rouse正确答案：C解析：generate vt．发生，产：生(光、热、电等)；引起，导致(如：The machine generates electricity／gas／steam．A fire generates heat；A good diplomat generates good will．)。
2007年华东师范大学博士生英语试卷_真题(含答案与解析)-交互(455)
2007年华东师范大学博士生英语试卷(总分100, 做题时间180分钟)Paper One注意：答案请做在答题卡上，做在试题上一律无效。
Part I Vocabulary and Structure(15%)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that **pletes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the center.1.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:B2.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:B3.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:D4.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:C5.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.56.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:B7.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:D8.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:B9.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:D10.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:A11.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:ASSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:D13.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:C14.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:B15.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:C16.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:D17.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:C18.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:B19.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:A20.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:C21.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:A22.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:B23.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:D24.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:C25.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:D26.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:C27.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:D28.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:C29.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:B30.SSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 0.5答案:DPart II Cloze(20%)Directions:Read the passage through.Then go back and choose one item of suitable word(s) marked A,B,C or D for each blank in the passage.Mark the corresponding letter of the word(s) you have chosen with a single bar across the bracket on Answer Sheet ISSS_SIMPLE_SIN31.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:ASSS_SIMPLE_SIN32.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:DSSS_SIMPLE_SIN33.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:DSSS_SIMPLE_SIN34.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:CSSS_SIMPLE_SIN35.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:CSSS_SIMPLE_SIN36.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:BSSS_SIMPLE_SIN37.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:CSSS_SIMPLE_SIN38.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:ASSS_SIMPLE_SIN39.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:ASSS_SIMPLE_SIN40.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:CSSS_SIMPLE_SIN41.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:BSSS_SIMPLE_SIN42.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:BSSS_SIMPLE_SIN43.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:CSSS_SIMPLE_SIN44.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:CSSS_SIMPLE_SIN45.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:ASSS_SIMPLE_SIN46.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:ASSS_SIMPLE_SIN47.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:BSSS_SIMPLE_SIN48.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:ASSS_SIMPLE_SIN49.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:ASSS_SIMPLE_SIN50.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:DPart III Reading Comprehension(25%)Directions:There are 5 reading passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the center.SSS_SIMPLE_SIN51.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:DSSS_SIMPLE_SIN52.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:ASSS_SIMPLE_SIN53.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:CSSS_SIMPLE_SIN54.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:BSSS_SIMPLE_SIN55.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:ASSS_SIMPLE_SIN56.A B C该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:CSSS_SIMPLE_SIN57.A B C该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:ASSS_SIMPLE_SIN58.A B C该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:BSSS_SIMPLE_SIN59.A B C该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:BSSS_SIMPLE_SIN60.A B C该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:CSSS_SIMPLE_SIN61.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:CSSS_SIMPLE_SIN62.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:DSSS_SIMPLE_SIN63.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:ASSS_SIMPLE_SIN64.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:BSSS_SIMPLE_SIN65.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:ASSS_SIMPLE_SIN66.A B C该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:ASSS_SIMPLE_SIN67.A B C该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:BSSS_SIMPLE_SIN68.A B C该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:CSSS_SIMPLE_SIN69.A B C该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:BSSS_SIMPLE_SIN70.A B C该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:CSSS_SIMPLE_SIN71.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:CSSS_SIMPLE_SIN72.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:DSSS_SIMPLE_SIN73.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:ASSS_SIMPLE_SIN74.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:BSSS_SIMPLE_SIN75.A B C D该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:CPaper Two(注意：以下各题的答案必须写在Answer Sheet II 上 )Part IV Translation (25%)Part A(10%)Directions:Put the following passage into Chinese.Write your Chinese version on Answer II .1.SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 10答案:答案略Part B (15%)Directions:Put the following passage into English.Write your English version on Answer Sheet II .2.SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 15答案:答案略Part Ⅴ Writing(15%)3.Directions:Please write an argumentation based on the following topic and elaborate your point of view in about 200 words.Remember to write **position neatly and clearly on Answer Sheet II ."Is a Little Learning Dangerous?"SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 15答案:范文略1。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷5
2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题The business organization has（）about 5 million dollars for cancer research in the past two years.问题1选项A.investedB.allocatedC.costD.forged【答案】A【解析】动词辨析题。
invested投资；allocated分配、拨出；forged伪造。
句意：这个商业组织在过去两年中为癌症研究投入了大约500万美元。
选项A符合句意。
2.单选题As the old man lay dying he kept（）the experiences of his boyhood in Africa.问题1选项plaining ofB.entering intoC.rambling aboutD.turning up【答案】C【解析】词组辨析题。
complain of 抱怨；enter into 进入；ramble about 漫步于，闲逛；turn up出现、发生。
句意：老人在称留之际，思绪一直漫游在他美好童年时代的非洲生活经历当中。
选项C符合句意。
3.单选题His duty fulfilled, Henry felt a great weight（）off his mind.问题1选项A.takingB.to takeC.taken【答案】C【解析】考査独立主格结构。
take的逻辑主语是weight，两者是被动关系，所以本题选C。
4.单选题He rushed into the house and saved the boy out,（）the intense fire.问题1选项A.irrespective ofB.instead ofC.in front ofD.in case of【答案】A【解析】词组辨析题。
2015年华东师范大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2015年华东师范大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. Chinese-English Translation 6. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．Mo Yan is______as one of China’s most talented writers.A．acclaimedB．claimedC．blamedD．studied正确答案：A解析：本题考查词义辨析。
acclaim“赞扬，称赞”，claim“宣称”，blame“谴责”，study“研究”，根据题意，正确答案为A。
2．There has been no twentieth-century anthropologist more ______ or more controversial than Margaret Mead.A．imaginativeB．hard-workingC．celebratedD．strong-minded正确答案：C解析：本题考查句意。
imaginative“想象力丰富的”，strony—minded“意志力强的”，hard—working“努力的”，celebrated“出名的”，controversial“有争议的”。
根据并列结构A orB可知，并列成分语义走向应该一致。
controversial是一个事实性的评价，只有celebrated是与其一致的。
3．Communication satellites transmit information more______than do ordinary shortwave radios.A．convenientlyB．reliablyC．accessiblyD．concisely正确答案：B解析：本题考查句意理解。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2017年华东师范大学攻读博士学位研究生英语题型注：1、试题词汇涵盖六级或以上程度的词汇，但以六级词汇为主。
结构部分包括动词非谓语形式、虚拟语气、倒装语序、强调句式和复合句中的连接词，另有一些特殊句型。
2、阅读理解部分有5篇文章，内容涵盖科技、教育、经济、金融、哲学、生活以及社会热点。
每篇文章后有5道选择题，主要考查对文章主题的理解、对细节的判断推理、对作者观点和态度的识别等。
3、英汉互译为各种题材的段落翻译。
4、作文要求考生语法规范、措辞精当、语句流畅。
5、试卷一所选答案须用2B铅笔涂在答题卡上，试卷二试题的答案须用钢笔或原珠笔做在相应的答题纸上。
6、考试时间为180分钟。
华东师范大学2014年招收攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题考试科目：英语共12页时间：180分钟Paper One(注意：答案请做在答题卡上，做在试题上一律无效)Part I Vocabulary and Structure (15%)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through thecenter.1. Teaching students of threshold level is hard work but the effort is very ________.A. preciousB. rewardingC. worthD. challenging2. The explorer lost his way so he climbed to the top of the hill to ________ himself.A. spotB. locateC. placeD. situate3. The city has decided to ________ smoking.A. do away withB. take awayC. get away withD. put away4. The old building is in a good state of ________ except for the wooden floors.A. observationB. preservationC. conservationD. compensation5.____me most was that the young boy who had lost both arms in an accident could handle a pen with his feet.A. That amazedB. It amazedC. Which amazedD. What amazed6. Recycling wastes slows down the rate ________ which we use up the Earth’s finite resources.A. inB. ofC. withD. at7. Gasoline is ________ by the spark plugs in the engine.A. ignitedB. inspiredC. excitedD. illuminated8. The travelers ________ their journey after a short break.A. recoveredB. resumedC. renewedD. restored9. Cultural ________ indicates that human beings hand their languages down from one generation to another.A. translationB. transitionC. transmissionD. transaction10. We must look beyond ________ and assumptions and try to discover what is missing.A. justificationsB. illusionsC. manifestationsD. specifications11. No one imagined that the apparently ________ businessman was really a criminal.A. respectiveB. respectableC. respectfulD. realistic12. Hurricanes are killer winds, and their ________ power lies in the physical damage they can do.A. cumulativeB. destructiveC. turbulentD. prevalent13. In some countries, students are expected to be quiet and ________ in the classroom.A. skepticalB. faithfulC. obedientD. subsidiary14. After four years in the same job his enthusiasm finally ______.A. deterioratedB. dispersedC. dissipatedD. drained15. For years now, the people of that faraway country have been cruelly ______ by a dictator.A. depressedB. immersedC. oppressedD. cursed16. Ever since the rise of industrialism, education has been ______ towards producing workers.A. harnessedB. hatchedC. motivatedD. geared17. The prospect of increased prices has already ______ worries.A. provokedB. irritatedC. inspiredD. hoisted18. You should have put the milk in the ice box; I expect it ________ undrinkable by now.A. becameB. had becomeC. has becomeD. becomes19. Codes are a way of writing something in secret; ________, anyone who doesn't know the codewill not be able to read it.A. that isB. worse stillC. in shortD. on the other hand20. Our house is about a mile from the station and there are not many houses ________.A. in betweenB. among themC. far apartD. from each other21. Understanding the cultural habits of another nation, especially ________ containing as manydifferent subcultures as the United States, is a complex task.A. oneB. the oneC. thatD. such22. You can't be ________ careful in making the decision as it was such a critical case.A. veryB. quiteC. tooD. so23. The ratio of the work done by the machine ________ the work done on it is called theefficiency of the machine.A. againstB. withC. toD. for24. ________ the flood, the ship would have reached its destination on time.A. In case ofB. In spite ofC. Because ofD. But for25. I ________ to him because he phoned me shortly afterwards.A. ought to have writtenB. must have writtenC. couldn't have writtenD. needn't have written26. No longer are contributions to computer technology confined to any one country; ________ isthis more true than in Europe.A. hardlyB. littleC. seldomD. nowhere27. ____in the past, at the moment it is a favorite choice for the wedding gown.A. Unpopular has as white beenB. White has been as unpopularC. Unpopular has been as whiteD. Unpopular as white has been28. ____for a long time, the fields are all dried up.A. There has been no rainB. Having no rainC. There having been no rainD. There being no rain29. Joseph’s car has a flat tire. now is to walk to the nearest telephone.A. That he can doB. All what he can doC. All that he can doD. He can do something30. Televisions enable us to see things happen almost at the exact moment____.A. which they are happeningB. they are happeningC. which they happenD. they have happenedPart Ⅱ Cloze (20%)Directions: Read the passage through. Then go back and choose one item of suitable word(s) marked A, B, C and D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter ofthe word(s) you have chosen with a single bar across the bracket on Answer SheetⅠ.Why does a company want to 31 its money with other people? There are several reasons. First, the company may 32 very well. It may need money to 33 . By selling shares of 34 , the company can get the money it needs. Sometimes, it is 35 for the company to go public for tax reasons. Because of the tax 36 , the company may save money on taxes by selling shares on the stock exchange. Sometimes, a company may owe a lot of money 37 banks. By selling shares of stock, it may be able to pay the banks. Many companies sell stock for this reason. However, the reasons why companies sell their stocks on the stock exchange are often 38 . In general, all companies 39 sell shares of stock on the stock exchange need to 40 money for one reason or another.Investors 41 buy shares of stock in a company may make money in two ways. They may begin to make money 42 . Suppose that a person invests in a company, and the company makes money. The company shares this money with the 43 . This money that is shared is called a 44 . Dividends are usually sent to investors once every three months while they 45 the stock. A second way that investors may 46 is to sell the stock at a higher price than they 47 when they bought it. The 48 of each share of stock goes up if the company does well. It may also 49 for many other reasons. But when it does go up, a person may sell it and make a 50 .31. A. distract B. permeate C. share D. recede32. A. have done B. be doing C. do D. have been doing33. A. perplex B. dominate C. integrate D. expand34. A. stake B. stock C. stalk D. stack35. A. potential B. advantageous C. sensitive D. actual36. A. utilities B. contributions C. earnings D. laws37. A. to B. for C. on D. from38. A. complex B. essential C. comprehensive D. understandable39. A. what B. that C. which D. while40. A. locate B. admit C. proclaim D. raise41. A. who B. which C. until D. if42. A. by mistake B. to date C. on earth D. right away43. A. observer B. director C. investor D. instructor44. A. tuition B. postage C. tip D. dividend45. A. offer B. own C. convince D. equip46. A. sell money B. share money C. take money D. make money47. A. confronted B. extracted C. spilled D. paid48. A. price B. investment C. cost D. value49. A. tighten up B. stock up C. go up D. stir up50. A. profit B. benefit C. award D. inputPart Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (25%)Directions: There are 5 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C andD. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on Answer SheetⅠwitha single line through the center.(1)Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person from the Philippines to one’s side, or that in Italy and som e Latin-American countries, curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell.Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after World War II and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that “Gift” means poison in German. Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arm’s length away from others. Latinos and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable.Our linguistic and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and languages of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world.Even here in the United States, we make few concessions to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four languages on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have multilingual guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen are rare. Our transportation systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them.When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken. Then attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those natives—usually the richer—who speak English. Our business dealings, as well as the nation’s diplomacy, are conducted through interpreters.For many years, American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing. A 1979 Harris poll reported that 55 percent of Americans want this country to play a more significant role in world affairs; we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the next century, even though it may not always be the upper hand.51. It can be inferred that Americans being approached too closely by Middle Easterners wouldmost probably ________.A. stand stillB. jump asideC. step forwardD. draw back52. The author gives many examples to criticize Americans for their ________.A. cultural self-centerednessB. casual mannersC. indifference towards foreign visitorsD. arrogance towards other cultures53. In countries other than their own most Americans ________.A. are isolated by the local peopleB. are not well informed due to the language barrierC. tend to get along well with the nativesD. need interpreters in hotels and restaurants54. According to the author, Americans’ cultural bl indness and linguistic ignorance will ________.A. affect their image in the new eraB. cut themselves off from the outside worldC. limit their role in world affairsD. weaken the position of the US dollar55. The author’s intention in writi ng this article is to make Americans realize that ________.A. it is dangerous to ignore their foreign friendsB. it is important to maintain their leading role in world affairsC. it is necessary to use several languages in public placesD. it is time to get acquainted with other cultures(2)Your friends might be in Australia or maybe just down the road, but they are all just a few clicks away. Life has changed for millions of teenagers across the world who now make friends online. Whether you use chat rooms, QQ, MSN or ICQ, you are part of a virtual community.“I rarely talk with my parents or grandparents, but I talk a lot with my old friends on QQ,” said Fox’s Shadow, the online nickname used by a Senior 2 girl in China. “Eighty percent of my classmates use QQ after school.”QQ is the biggest messaging service in China. A record shows 4 million people used it one Saturday night in October, according to Tencent, the company which developed QQ.And Fox's Shadow might well have been one of them. “I log in on Friday nights, and Saturdays or Sundays when I feel bored. I usually spend about 10 hours chatting online every week,” she said. “But I rarely talk with strangers, especially boys or men.”Even though she likes chatting, she is careful about making friends with strangers online. “You don’t know who you’re talking to. You should always be careful about who you trust online.”Many people would like to meet offline when they feel they have got to know someone very well. Fox’s Shadow once met one of her online friends face to face. It was a girl who was a comic fan like herself and they went to a comic show together.However, not all teenagers have been so fortunate. At the beginning of this year, a 17-year-old girl in Liaoning Province was raped after meeting a friend she had found on QQ. The criminal wasn’t caught until last month.A 16-year-old Beijing boy, known online as Bart Simon, dislikes QQ users. “I used to chat on QQ, but I found that most people were talking nonsense,”he said. Now he chats online in English, using MSN. “I only chat online because I’ve got friends in Japan, the US and Singapore,”he said.“I want to learn more about foreign cultures.” But he spends little time chatting as he sees it a waste of time and money.“If you are really addicted to it, sometimes you just can’t concentrate in class,” he said. “And the friends in your real life are always more important than those so-called friends you meet online.56. This passage centers on .A. teenagers making friends onlineB. the advantages of the InternetC. the functions of chat rooms, QQ, MSN, or ICQD. the internet changing your life57. Which of the following is true about Fox’s Shadow?A. She often talks with her relatives on QQ.B. She has a strong sense of self-protection.C. She is a senior at college.D. She logs in every night.58. What can be inferred from the passage?A. People, both old and young, like to get online.B. Girls prefer QQ better than boys.C. There is no danger for male QQ users, even if they meet each other.D. QQ users like to talk face to face after sometime of intercourse online.59. What is Not the Beijing boy’s opinion of chatting online?A. He can’t practice oral English if he uses QQ.B. Chatting online with Chinese friends is a waste of time and money.C. Most topics for conversation on QQ are meaningless.D. He can learn foreign cultures through MSN.60. This passage may be a .A. a lectureB. an essayC. a reportD. an editorial(3)What most people don’t realize is that wealth isn’t the same as income. If you make $ 1 million a year and spend $ 1 million, you’re not getting wealthier, you’re just living high. Wealth is what you accumulate, not what you spend.The most successful accumulators of wealth spend far less than they can afford on houses, cars, vacations and entertainment. Why? Because these things offer little or no return. The wealthy would rather put their money into investments or their businesses. It’s an attitude.Millionaires understand that when you buy a luxury house, you buy a luxury life style too. Your property taxes skyrocket, along with the cost of utilities and insurance, and the prices of nearby services, such as grocery stores, tend to be higher.The rich man’s attitude can also be seen in his car. Many drive old unpretentious sedans. Sam Walton, billionaire founder of the Wal-Mart Store, Inc., drove a pickup truck.Most millionaires measure success by net worth, not income. Instead of taking their money home, they plow as much as they can into their businesses, stock portfolios and other assets. Why? Because the government doesn’t tax wealth; it taxes income you bring home for consumption, the more the government taxes.The person who piles up net worth fastest tends to put every dollar he can into investments, not consumption. All the while, of course, he’s reinvesting his earnings from investments and watching his net worth soar. That’s the attitude as well.The best wealth-builders pay careful attention to their money and seek professional advice. Those who spend heavily on cars, boats and buses, I’ve found, tend to skimp on investment advice. Those who skimp on the luxuries are usually more willing to pay top dollar for good legal and financial advice.The self-made rich develop clear goals for their money. They may wish to retire early, or they may want to leave an estate to their children. The goals vary, but two things are consistent: they have a dollar figure in mind--the amount they want to save by age 50, perhaps -- and they work unceasingly toward that goal.One thing may surprise you. If you make wealth--not just income--your goal, the luxury house you’ve been dreaming about won’t seem so alluring. You’ll have the attitude.61. Which of the following statements is true?A. Wealth is judged according to the life style one has.B. Inheritance builds an important part in one’s wealth.C. High income may make one live high and get rich t the same time.D. Wealth is more of what one has made than anything else.62. By the author’s opinion, those who spend money on luxury houses and cars_____.A. will not be taxed by the governmentB. have accumulated wealth in another senseC. live high and have little savedD. can show that they are among the rich63. The rich put their money into business because_____.A. they can get much in return to build their wealthB. they are not interested in luxury houses and carsC. their goal is to develop their companyD. that is the only way to spend money yet not to be taxed by the government64. The U.S. government doesn’t tax what you spend money on _____.A. carsB. housesC. stockD. boats65. To become wealthy, one should______.A. seek as much income as he canB. work hard unceasinglyC. stick to the way he livesD. save up his earnings(4)Seeking a competitive advantage, some professional service firms (for example, firms providing advertising, accounting, or health care services) have considered offering unconditional guarantees of satisfaction. Such guarantees specify what clients can expect and what the firm will do if it fails to fulfill these expectations. Particularly with first-time clients, an unconditional guarantee can be an effective marketing tool if the client is very cautious, the firm’s fees are high, the negative consequences of bad service are grave, or business is difficult to obtain through referrals and word-of-mouth.However, an unconditional guarantee can sometimes hinder marketing efforts. With its implication that failure is possible, the guarantee may, paradoxically, cause clients to doubt the service firm’s ability to deliver th e promised level of service. It may confl ict with a firm’s desire to appear sophisticated, or may even suggest that it is begging for business. In legal and health careservices, it may mislead clients by suggesting that law suits or medical procedures will have guaranteed outcomes. Indeed, professional service firms with outstanding reputations and performance to match have little to gain from offering unconditional guarantees. And any firm that implements an unconditional guarantee without undertaking a corresponding commitment to quality of service is merely employing a potentially costly marketing gimmick.66. The primary purpose of this passage as a whole is to .A. account for the popularity of a practiceB. evaluate the usefulness of a practiceC. demonstrate how to institute a practiceD. explain the reasons for pursuing a strategy67. Which of the following statements concerning unconditional guarantees is Not mentioned inthe passage?A. They are helpful when firms want to retain their long-standing clients.B. They are effective when firms want to get business through client recommendations.C. They are useful when firms charge substantial fees for its services.D. They are feasible when firms suffer from significant adverse effects of poor service.68. Which of the following is a goal of some professional service firms in offering unconditionalguarantees of satisfaction?A. To limit their liability.B. To compete successfully with their rivals.C. To justify their fee increases.D. To attain an outstanding reputation in a field.69. An unconditional guarantee may create an impression on the client that the firm .A. tends to be suspicious of the client’s financial statusB. does not want to beg for businessC. may have some problems with its managementD. is not sophisticated enough to be able to provide good service70. Which of the following is true, according to the passage’s description of the issue raised byunconditional guarantees for health care or legal services？A. The standards of practice of the legal and medical professions could be violated by attemptsto fulfill such unconditional guarantees.B. The result of a lawsuit or medical procedure can hardly be predicted by the professionalshandling a client’s case.C. The dignity of the legal and medical professions could be undermined by any attempts atmarketing professional services, such as offering unconditional guarantees.D. Clients whose lawsuits or medical procedures have unsatisfactory outcomes cannot beadequately compensated by financial settlements alone.(5)Recent studies on the male-female wage gap predict that even though entry-level salaries for males and females in the same occupation are nearly equal because women’s market skills have improved vastly, the chances of the overall gap closing in the foreseeable future are minimal. This is due to several factors that are likely to change very slowly, if at all. An important reason is thatwomen are concentrated in occupation —service and clerical —that pay less than traditional male jobs. It is possible that more women than men in their twenties are hesitant to commit themselves to a year-round lifetime career or job for many reasons. There is lingering attitude on both the part of women and their employers that women are not cut out for certain jobs. Not only does this attitude channel women into lower-paying work，but it also serves to keep them from top management positions.Another significant factor in the widening wage gap between men and women after entering the work force, even in comparable jobs, is that women often drop out at critical points in their careers to have a family. Women still have the primary responsibility for child rearing; even if they continue to work, they often forgo overtime and promotions that would conflict with home responsibilities. The ages of 25 to 35 have been shown repeatedly to be the period when working consistently and hard is vital to advancement and job security. These are precisely the years when women are likely to have children and begin to slide away from men in earning power. Consequently, a woman’s income is more likely to be s een as secondary to her husband’s.71. According to recent studies on the male-female wage gap, ____ .A. there is much hope of narrowing the male-female wage gap in the near futureB. working women will have many opportunities to hold high-paying jobs in the near futureC. women’s pay will still stay at a level below that of men in the near futureD. salaries for males and females in the same occupation will be equal in the near future72. Women are kept from top management positions partly because they .A. decide to devote themselves to certain lifetime jobs in their twentiesB. are inclined to rank family second to workC. tend to have more quarrels with their employersD. still take an incorrect attitude towards themselves73. Which of the following is implied in the passage as a partial reason for women’s concentrationin certain occupations？A. Social division of labor.B. Social prejudice against them.C. Employment laws.D. Physiological weakness.74. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that .A. men’s jobs are subject to changeB. women tend to be employed off and on at the same jobC. men’s chances of promotion are minimalD. women used to be employed all the year round75. Which of the following statements is NOT true？A. Women’s market skills have improved greatly.B. Child care is still chiefly women’s work.C. Women are typically employed in clerical and service jobs.D. Domestic duties no longer conflict with women’s jobs.Paper Two（注意：以下各题的答案必须写在Answer Sheet Ⅱ上）Part Ⅳ Translation (25%)Section A (10%)Directions: Put the following into Chinese. Write your Chinese version on Answer Sheet Ⅱ.Faith and science have at least one thing in common: both are lifelong searches for truth. But while faith is an unshakable belief in the unseen, science is the study of testable, observable phenomena. The two coexist, and may at times complement each other. But neither should be asked to validate or invalidate the other. Scientists have no more business questioning the existence of God than the theologians had telling Galileo the Earth was at the center of the universe.Science is in a perpetual state of becoming. Yesterday’s observations give rise to today’s theories, which will be tested through painstaking research. Just as any good scientist must be ready to abandon a bad idea, he or she must continue to support the results of unbiased evidence and experimentation.Section B (15%)Directions: Put the following into English. Write your English version on Answer Sheet Ⅱ.1995年，第四次世界妇女大会在北京召开，这使得中国妇女的状况备受世界关注。