语法专题1 冠词及练习

语法专题一冠词及练习

知识点梳理

考点一不定冠词a, an的用法

不定冠词通常用于单数可数名词前，a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，而an则用于以元音音素开头的单词前。

1. 表示类别，泛指一类人或物。

2. 表示某人或某物，但不具体说明是何人或何物。

3. 表示“每一”，相当于every.

4. 表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one 强烈。

5. 两个名词前只用了一个a或an, 就表示一个整体或一个人具有两个特征。

6. 用于固定短语中。

考点二定冠词the的用法

定冠词the与指示代词this, that, these, those意义相当，用于不可数名词、可数名词单复数前，表示某个或某些定的人或事物。

1. 表示特指时用定冠词the.

2. 表示说话双方都知道的人或事。

3. 指上文已提到的人或事物。

4. 用于世界上独一无二的事物前。

5. 用于序数词和形容词最高级前。

6. 用在某些由普通名词所构成的专有名词形容词前。

7. 用在西洋乐器名词前。

8. 用在某些形容词前，表示一类人。

9. 用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妇俩”。

10. 用于某些固定搭配中。

考点三零冠词的情况

1. 复数名词或不可数名词表示一般意义而不指具体的人或事物时，不用冠词。

2. 名词前有this, that, my, your, their, whose, these, some, any, no, each, every等代词时，不用冠词。

3. 学科﹑球类﹑三餐前不加任何的冠词。

4. 颜色和具体的语言前不加任何冠词。

5. 在国名和地名前不用任何的冠词。

6. 职务﹑称呼语和头衔前不加任何冠词。

7. 用于一些固定短语中。

不定冠词用在某些固定词组中。

once in a while as a result

at a time take/have a rest

all of a sudden as a matter of fact

once a week at a loss

be on a visit be/go on a diet

give sb.a lift have a gift for...

have a good time have a word with...

in a hurry in a way

make a living take a walk

take an interest in... pay a visit to

as a rule as a whole

in a word in a short while

keep an eye on put an end to

once upon a time 从前

常用定冠词的固定搭配

at the moment

at the same time

by the way

on the spot make the best/most of...

in the distance

in the end in the habit of

the other day

on the one hand...,on the other hand...

to the point

常用零冠词的固定搭配

in fact

for example in danger

with pleasure in time

in fear at work

at dinner after school

at first at last

by hand pay attention to

set fire to take pride in

take care of take office

take part in in town

keep...in mind in trouble

on foot leave word

on time catch sight of

do harm to

lose weight

注意下列词组的区别： ⎩

⎪⎨⎪⎧ go to school 去上学go to the school 到学校去(不一定是去上学) ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧

go to/be at church 去做礼拜/在做礼拜go to/be at the church 去/在教堂(不一定是做礼拜) ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧

go to bed 就寝，上床睡觉go to the bed 向床走去，走到床前(不一定是去

睡觉)

⎩

⎪⎨⎪⎧ go to sea 出海(是海员)go to the sea 去海边(不一定是海员) ⎩

⎪⎨⎪⎧ be in hospital 在住院be in the hospital 在医院里(不一定是病人) ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ be in prison 在坐牢be in the prison 在监狱(不一定是犯人)

⎩

⎪⎨⎪⎧ in front of 在……(外部)的前面in the front of 在……(内部)的前面 ⎩

⎪⎨⎪⎧

sit at table 吃饭sit at the table 坐在桌旁(不一定是吃饭) ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ by day 在白天by the day 按天计算 ⎩

⎪⎨⎪⎧ take place 发生take the place of 代替 ⎩

⎪⎨⎪⎧ in possession of sth.拥有某物in the possession of sb.为某人所拥有 ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧

in sight of 能看见in the sight of 在……看来；从……观点来看

基础训练：

题组训练一

单项选择

( )1. Last night I saw ＿＿＿UFO flying in the sky and took pictures of it.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. 不填

( )2. Tim had tried twice, and his father asks him to have ＿＿＿ third try.

A. the

B. a

C. another

D. /

( )3. Many students in our school can play ________ guitar.

A. the

B. a

C. 不填

( )4. Liu Changchun is _________ first Chinese to join the Olympics.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. 不填

( )5. I think it's _________ useful advice, so I will always remember it.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

( )6. —Will you get there by _______ train?

—No, I'll take _______ taxi.

A. /; a

B. a; the

C. /; /

D. the; a

( )7. I read _____ story. It is _____ interesting story.