高中英语10大动词时态与语态

一．以动词write 为例，判断时态，写出句子。

1. 她每周写一封英文信。（一般现在时）

2. 她上星期写了一封英文信。（一般过去时）

3. 下星期天她要（打算）写一封英文信。（一般将来时）

4. 看！她在那边写一封英文信。（现在进行时）

5. 昨天下午3点到5点她在写一封英文信。（过去进行时）

6. 明天的现在我在开会呢！

7. 她说（said)她要写一封英文信给妮卡。（过去将来时）

8. 她已经给妮卡写了一封英文信。（现在完成时）

9. 到上学期末她已写了10封英文信。（过去完成时）

10. 等汤姆回来，他妈妈将已经出发去伦敦了。（将来完成时）

11. 他从8:00 开始一直在读书。（现在完成进行时）

1.一般现在时除表现在状态，经常性，习惯性动作外，表客观事实和真理.

The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.

Our teacher said the the earth____(be) round in the class.

2.进行时和always，all the time, constantly连用常表示一种感情如赞叹、不满、厌烦等。（阅读完型）

You two are always talking in the class

She is always thinking of others.

3.在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中通常用一般时态代替将来时态（主将从现），但如果强调意愿，从句也可以用will.

We will not go to the park if it rains tomorrow.

If he will go, nobody can stop him.

4.将来时的六种表达

（1）shall/will do 表将要发生的动作或情况

（2）Be going to do 多用于口语，表打算，计划做的事情：根据现在的迹象推断即将发生或肯定要发生的事

Look at the dark clouds, it is going to rain.

How are you going to spent yous summer holiday?

*** was going to 可表过去打算做而未做的事情

I was going to the party last night, but i suddenly remember i had homework to do.

（3）Be doing 表预计或安排近期要发生的事，限于一些瞬间动词（die, come, go, arrive, begin, stay，leave）

The man is dying.

I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.

（4）Be to do 不能用于表示客观情况

①表示按计划安排将要发生的事

The high way is to be opened next month.

The cantine is to be in service in september.

②表示征求对方意见(不讲)

When are we to hand in our homework?

③表不可避免的后来要发生的事

The worse was still to come.

④表该做或不该做的事

You are not to smoke in the room.

You are not to go out alone.

You are to report it to the police.

（5）Be about to do 即将要做的事，不和具体时间状语连用,但可以和并列连词when（and at that time）引出的分句连用。

He is 59 now and he is about to retire.

I was about to leave when it began to rain.

I am about to leave tomorrow.(wrong)

（6）Do按计划和规定将要发生的事，通常和有关时刻表连用。

We must hurry up. The first class begins at 8:00.

The plane takes off at 4:00 a.m.

5.现在完成时的常用状语

(1)某动作开始与过去，持续到现在（也许还要持续下去）Lately, recently, in the last/past few days/years, since then, up to now, so far

He has written 8 books so far.

(2) 发生在过去但对现在产生影响Already, just, yet, never, before

He has turned off the light.

The concert has started.

I have already seen the film.

(3)瞬间动词可以用于完成时态，但不可以和表一段时间的状语连用（否定式除外），若连用需变换形态。

He has already come.

He has come for an hour.

He has been here for half an hour.

Die-be dead, get up-be up, arrive/come/begin/become-be, buy-have, leave-be away/from Join-be in, borrow-keep

6.过去完成时（过去的过去）by/until/before/by the end of 过去的某一时间

By then he had learned English for 3 years.

(2)表示愿望，打算一类的词汇，如hope, expect, mean, intend,want, suppose等过去完成时表未曾实现的意愿

I had meant to help you.

I had hoped to see more of Shanghai.

7.将来完成时by 将来的某个时间