英汉成语翻译解析
英汉成语翻译
作者：佚名文章来源：本站原创点击数：1276 更新时间：2009-12-27
一、关于英汉成语
这里所指的成语是广义的，包括谚语和习语。成语一般具有言简意赅、趣味隽永的特点。准确熟练地运用成语可以增强表达能力，表明个人掌握使用语言的水平。
成语好比一面镜子，反映出一个民族的文化特点，因此也是一种语言与别种语言差异最大，最难翻译的部分。现从几个方面说明英汉成语互译的特点。
（一）喻体不同
中国人常用“雨后春笋”来形容事物的大量涌现。英语则用“just like mushroom”来形容同样的意思。
试比较：
Kill the goose that lays the golden eggs.
（有！）杀鸡取蛋（/ruan）。
Look for a needle in a haystack.
大海捞针
Like a rat in a hole.
瓮中之鳖
A good conscience is a soft pillow.
日间不做亏心事，夜半敲门心不惊。
（二）风俗习惯不同
对于英国人来说，狗既用来看门打猎，也是人的伴侣/宠物。英国人对狗一般有好感，常用来比喻人的生活。如：
Dog tired非常疲倦
To dog one's steps跟某人走
Top dog重要的人
Lucky dog幸运儿
As faithful as a dog像狗一样忠诚
Love me, love my dog爱屋及乌
Every dog has his day凡人皆有得意的日子
但是，在英语中，“dog”有时（受外来的影响）也含有贬义。如：
a surly dog性情乖戾（）的人
That/this dirty dog那个狗东西
He is in the doghouse他名声扫地了
He was a bit of a dog in his younger days. 他年轻时过着花天酒地的生活。
（三）历史背景的不同
中国自古就是以农业大国，成语中有很大一部分农谚。如：斩草除根；解甲归田；拔苗助长；
顺藤摸瓜；瓜熟蒂落；桃李满天下。英国是一个岛国，有很大一部分成语源于航海。如：
To know the ropes内行
To tide over安然渡过
To go with the stream随波逐流
To clear the decks准备战斗
all at sea晕头转向
plain sailing一帆风顺
To rest on one's oars小憩片刻
To keep one's head above water奋力求生
（（部分成语出自历史事件、寓言、故事等，这类成语可以称为典故成语。英汉典故成语各有自己的民族渊源，相似的不多，少数近似的如："blow hot and cold" 对应“朝三暮四”。
"blow hot and cold"出自《伊索寓言》，讲一个人冬夜在山林迷路，碰到一个山林小神，领他回自己的小屋。路上这人不断向手上呵气，山林小神问他干什么，他说手麻木了，呵气取暖。到家后，山林小神给他端来一碗热腾腾的粥，那人端到嘴边又吹气。山林小神问他又干什么，他回答说，粥很烫，想把它吹凉。山林小神对他说：“你嘴里的气吹热又吹凉，这样的人我不接待，你走吧。”寓言原喻“避免与性情模棱两可的人交往”，现意“反复无常”。
“朝三暮四”出自《列子．黄帝》，有个养猴子的人拿橡子喂猴子，告诉他们早上给三个橡子，晚上给四个，猴子都不高兴。他又说早上给四个晚上给三个，猴子们就都高兴了。原比喻作诈欺骗，后来比喻反复无常。
但"love is blind"与“情人眼里出西施”却有细微差别："love is blind"出自莎士比亚的《威尼斯商人》，它含有看不到情人缺点之意，而未能传达“出西施”之意。翻译时，不能生搬硬套。））
二、英汉成语互译的几种方法
（一）直译法：直译不是一字对一字的死译，而是照字面翻译，不做太多的引申和注释。
１英译中
Golden age黄金时代
To show one's cards摊牌
To turn over a new leaf揭开新的一页
He laughs best who laughs last谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。
Necessity is the mother of invention.需要是发明之母。
We never know the worth of water till the well is dry.井干方知水可贵。
２中译英
做一天和尚撞一天钟。
So long as I remain a bonze（）, I go on tolling the bell.
天下乌鸦一般黑，老狼都是吃肉的。
All crows are equally black, all wolves eat meat.
路遥知马力，事久见人心。
A long road tests a horse's strength and a long task proves a man's heart.
采用直译法一般可以保留原文的形象和色彩，引进的成语经过时间考验，可以融入到汉语中去。汉译英时，采取直译法，也会把具有中国特色的成语的原来形象和色彩传递到英语中去。
（二）借用法
英汉语都拥有丰富的成语，有的在内容和形式上都相互符合：有相同的意义/隐意，又有相同/相似的形象或比喻。这时，可借译/用。
burn one's boats破釜沉舟
Walls have ears.隔墙有耳
go through fire and water赴汤蹈火
Man proposes, God disposes.谋事在人，成事在天
fish in troubled waters混水摸鱼
pour cold water over / on泼冷水
know something like the palm / back of one's hand了如指掌
Constant dripping wears the stone滴水穿石
pour oil on fire火上浇油
a thorn in the flesh肉中刺
Facts speak louder than words事实胜于雄辩
有时设喻不同，但喻意一致，也可借用：
a flash in the pan (wok!)昙花一现
have one foot in the grave风烛残年
at the end of one's rope山穷水尽
The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak.心有余而力不足。
to have an old head on young shoulders少年老成
Birds of a feather flock together.物以类聚…
（三）意译法
在直译和借用汉语成语都不妥当时，为了确切表达原意，可根据上下文进行意译：
to have other fish to fry有别的事要做
to rain cats and dogs https://www.360docs.net/doc/8818231006.html,下倾盆大雨
have a bee in one's bonnet （有带子女士帽！）胡思乱想
hit the nail on the head切中要害
(end of 3-1?)
三、应注意的几个问题
（一）对同一习语的译法不是一成不变的，可根据上下文灵活处理。如：“谋事在人，成事在天。”一般译为英语：“Man proposes, God disposes.”但在下面的句子中，却不能不作改变。
“谋事在人，成事在天，咱们谋到了，靠菩萨的保佑，有些机会，也未可知。”（《红楼梦》第六回）Man proposes, Heaven disposes. Work out a plan, trust to Buddha, and something may come of it for all you know.
+文中菩萨（Buddha）是佛教词语,God disposes是基督教词语，译文如不作调整，就会造成混乱，所以把"God"改为"Heaven"。
又如：方案一公布，大家就七嘴八舌地谈论开了。
Publication of the draft plan touched off a lively discussion with everybody eager to put in a word. +译文中“七嘴八舌”之义已表达出来，不必硬加"with seven mouths and eight tongues", 否则，native 看不懂。
（二）要注意保全原文的风格
如果成语是古语，就要翻得古雅些，如果成语是口语，就要翻得生动、口语化一些。如：
......老子说：“民不畏死，奈何以死惧之。”
https://www.360docs.net/doc/8818231006.html,o Tze said,"The people fear not death, why threaten them with it."
以其人之道，还治其人之身。
Do unto him as he does unto others.
己所不欲，勿施于人。
Do unto others as you would be done by.
“这断子绝孙的阿Ｑ！”（鲁迅）
"AhQ,may you die sonless!"
（三）对于具有较明显的民族和地方色彩，或附有一定的人名、地名的成语，翻译时，通常不能拿来互相
替换。如：
To carry coals to Newcastle（运煤炭到纽斯卡尔去－－多此一举），就不要译成：带着瓷器上浮梁。（浮
梁是中国古时盛产瓷器的地方。）
To teach one's grandma to suck eggs. 不要译成“夫子庙前卖文章；关公面前耍大刀”
Two heads are better than one.（一人不如两人智）不要译成：三个臭皮匠胜过一个/顶个诸葛亮。（北外汉英词典：Three cobblers (补鞋匠) with their wits combined equal Zhu Geliang, the master mind.）
（（对于多数字面上显示民族色彩的成语，译者最好采用直译的办法以保留这种色彩，汉译英尤其如此。如：“守株待兔”这个习语，有译者把它译成“watching the stump（树桩）and waiting for a hare.”然后另加注释：From the story of a peasant who, seeing a hare run headlong against a tree-stump and break its neck, abandoned his plough and waited by the stump in the hope that another hare would do the same thing. 有时，也可译成: Waiting for gains without pains.
另外，意译时，多选用中性词语。如：“一个和尚挑水吃，两个和尚抬水吃，三个和尚没水吃”。可译成：Everybody's business is nobody's business．（直译/喻体大致相同：One boy is a boy, 2 boys half a boy,
3 boys no boy.）))
（四）确切理解，不要望文生义
（有些英语成语看起来与汉语某些成语相似，但意义完全不同，或存在细微差别。要特别注意。如：to go home 作为自由词组，是“回家”的意思。但用作成语，往往表示“击中要害”和“发生影响”；to wash one's hand 容易让人误解为“洗手不干”，其实含有“断绝关系”、“推脱责任”的意思；
to bark at the moon 和“蜀犬吠日”，两个成语虽然设喻差不多，但情景和思路大不一样，前者比喻“徒劳无益”，后者比喻
“少见多怪”。）
（五）分辨褒贬义，注意有褒贬两可的。如：
（It's an ill wind that blows nobody good. 天下无绝对的坏事。（有弊必有利）
这句谚语看起来好像是贬义，其实不然；
Birds of a feather flock together. 并无贬义，无非表示消极意义；
To be hand and (in) glove with 即可用于褒义，又可用于贬义。不能不加区别，一概译成“亲密无间”。比较：
The two friends are hand in glove with each other.
这两位朋友亲如手足。
The traitors and the enemy were working hand in glove with each other.
卖国贼和敌人相互勾结。
Every official is hand in glove with him.
当官的跟他穿一条裤子。
再如：to lock the stable door after the horse has been stolen，有人译成“亡羊补牢”，并不妥当。“亡羊补牢”是“犹为未晚”，含义是积极的。英语成语是说“马已被盗，再关厩门也无益了”，含义是消极的。）
（六）英汉互译时，为方便读者理解，可适当添词或减词
（汉语成语多是四字组成，译成英语时，不能仅从字面意义去译，而应领会其实质，译出内在思想。必要时，可以加词。如：Show off one's proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban，the master carpenter. 如
不在译文中加上the master carpenter Lu Ban，恐怕大多数外国人都不知Lu Ban是何许人。
相反，有时也可以省译。如：山雨欲来风满楼。The wind sweeping through the tower heralds a rising storm in the mountains. 只保留原文的主要比喻，省略了“山”，“楼”的字眼。外语爱好者网站-英语教学版
有些并列式成语，如：“取之不尽，用之不竭”，英译时仅用“inexhaustible”一个词来表达；又如：沉鱼落雁之容，闭月羞花之貌。只要译成Her beauty would put the flowers to shame.）
四字成语往往含义重复，在修辞上优美匀称，但翻译时，只要译出其中一组的意思即可。如：
花言巧语fine words 油嘴滑舌glib tongue
长吁短叹sighing deeply 精疲力竭exhaustion, exhausted
发号施令issue orders 土崩瓦解fall apart
（七）有时，英语原文没用成语，但译文却用四字成语。如：
Over the past several weeks, she had grown increasingly restless.
过去几周，她越来越六神无主。
I was nervous before crowds.
我在大庭广众之前感到紧张。
It was a privilege revokable at any time on whim（冲动）of the authorities.
只要当权者心血来潮，这种恩赐随时可以取消。
(end of 3-2?)
四、英汉成语翻译第 2 页举例
a laughing stock笑柄（树桩/木头）
in the land of nod睡乡（瞌睡/打盹）
at snail's pace蜗行
in one's evening of life晚年
an outsider门外汉
all skin and bone皮包骨
the year of snow, the year of fertility瑞雪兆丰年
a blot from the blue晴天霹雳（耻辱）
to see through at a glance一眼看穿
to see through the trickery看穿把戏
to fish in troubled waters混水摸鱼1 （张培基：“完全相同的形象比喻”162页）
to do something by halves半途而废
a heart of stone铁石心肠
strike while the iron is hot趁热打铁
tit for tat一报还一报
like father, like son有其父必有其子
A rolling stone gathers no moss滚石不生苔
to seek truth from facts实事求是
to become cocksure自以为是
to stand on one's own feet自立
slow and steady稳健
skin deep肤浅
the prime of life壮年
call a spade a spade说实话
to gain the upper hand占上风
to hold the cards in one's hand操胜券
fair field and no favour一视同仁
to go with the tide随波逐流
to be in the same boat同舟共济
to go through thick and thin赴汤蹈火
to one's heart's desire称心如意
to pour oil on the flame火上浇/加油/to add fuel to the fire 2
to become a household word家喻户晓
to be in two minds三心二意
as alike as two peas一模一样
a sea of faces人山人海
rain or shine风雨无阻
haste makes waste欲速不达
much coin, much care钱多劳神
to read between the lines字里行间（implied meaning!)
to vanish like smoke烟消云散
to end in smoke烟消云散
practice makes perfect业精于勤
to provide against a rainy day未雨绸缪(mo)
wait-and-see attitude观望态度
to talk black into white颠倒黑白
in black and white白纸黑字
Many a little/pickle (Every little) makes a mickle. 集腋成裘/积少成多（old Scotish: a./ad./n. 许多/大量）to fish for compliments沽名钓誉
to cudgel one's brain绞尽脑汁(用棍敲击)
firm as a rock坚如磐石
to be lean as a lath骨瘦如柴(a: /板条)
not to stir a finger袖手旁观
to fish in the air缘木求鱼
a friend in need is a friend indeed患难之交
care killed the cat愁能伤人
to wear one's heart on one's sleeves心直口快
a contented mind is a perpetual feast知足长乐(/banquet)
to tread the heel of步其后尘
to spare no effort不遗余力
to leave no stone unturned不遗余力
to play ducks and drakes with one's money挥金如土(female/male)
to kill two birds with one stone一石二鸟
Pride goes before fall谦受益，满招损
Better is a neighbour that is near than a brother far off.远亲不如近邻
Much ado about nothing无事忙/生非/小题大做
Lover's quarrels are soon mended夫妻无隔夜之愁
Ill news comes apace好事不出门，恶事传千里（pace-space)
to have a finger in the pie染指/干预
to bull in a china shop闯祸
to burn the midnight oil开夜车
put on airs摆架子
a stitch in time saves nine事半功倍
Well begun is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半
Birds of a feather flock together物以类聚
to cast pearls to the swine 对牛弹琴（猪！）
a black sheep害群之马
to hold a candle to the devil助纣为虐
to hail the rising sun趋炎附势
An old head on a young pair of shoulders少年老成
neither fish nor flesh不伦不类
black and blue鼻青脸肿
to shed crocodile tears猫哭老鼠
to put a fifth wheel to the coach画蛇添足
to spring up like mushrooms雨后春笋
to put the cart before the horse本末倒置
to make a mountain of a small hill小题大做
He that dies pays all debts一了百了
as snug as a bug in a rug舒舒服服(warm & comfortable/cosy)
No use crying over spilt milk覆水难收
to be at sixes and sevens乱七八糟（张培基：“大体相同”162页）Six of 1 and half a dozen of the other. 半斤八两
to hang by a thread千钧一发
Harm hatch, harm catch.恶有恶报（孵（小鸡））
once in a blue moon千载难逢
after death, the medicine / after meat, the mustard.放马后炮
the memory of a good deed lives流芳百世
to have a card up one's sleeves锦囊之计
to warm a snake in one's bosom 养虎为患
hitting the nail on the head一针见血
to flog a dead horse徒劳无功
to help a lame dog over the hill救人之急
to put all one's eggs in one basket孤注一掷
to teach one's grandma to suck eggs不自量力
to know the ropes熟门熟路
by fits and starts一曝十寒
like cures like以毒攻毒
to beat with one's own stuff自相矛盾
to carry coal to Newcastle多此一举
to cut the Gordian knot 快刀斩乱麻（Greek mythology: 棘手）
goose-flesh鸡皮疙瘩
to break a fly upon the wheel杀鸡用牛刀
to count one's chickens before they are hatched打如意算盘
In for a penny, in for a pound一不做，二不休
a cat on hot bricks热锅上的蚂蚁
Nothing venture, nothing gain.不入虎穴，焉得虎子
Do unto others as you would be done by己所不欲，勿施于人
A miss is as good as a mile差之毫厘，失之千里
Greek meets Greek棋逢对手
Diamond cuts diamond针锋相对
on the horns of a dilemma进退两难
a blessing in disguise塞翁失马，焉知非福
to play with fire玩火
to buy off 收买
to turn for the better好转
to see how the wind blows看风势
to wound one's feelings伤感情
to see the world 见世面
to praise to the skies捧上天去
at one's wits end 智穷才尽
by leaps and bounds突飞猛进
to turn over a new leaf改过自新
The longest day must have an end.世上没有不散的宴席。Where there is life, there is hope.留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。Many kiss a baby for the nurse's sake.醉翁之意不在酒。Many hands make light work.众人拾柴火焰高Who keeps company with the wolf will learn to howl近朱者赤，近墨者黑
英语成语大全
常用成语英汉互译 爱屋及乌 Love me, love my dog. 百闻不如一见 Seeing is believing. 比上不足，比下有余 "worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst 笨鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make an early start. 不眠之夜 white night 不以物喜，不以己悲 not pleased by external gains, not saddened by personnal losses 不遗余力 spare no effort; go all out; do one's best 不打不成交 "No discord, no concord. 拆东墙补西墙 rob Peter to pay Paul 辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new 大事化小，小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all 大开眼界 open one's eyes; broaden one's horizon; be an eye-opener 国泰民安 The country flourishes and people live in peace 过犹不及 going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little 功夫不负有心人 Everything comes to him who waits. 好了伤疤忘了疼 once on shore, one prays no more 好事不出门，恶事传千里 Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide.
中国成语英语翻译大全
中国成语英语翻译大全 Where there is a will, there is a way。有志者。事竟成爱屋及乌Love me，love my dog. 百闻不如一见Seeing is believing。比上不足，比下有余"worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best， but be better than the worst 笨鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make an early start。不眠之夜white night 不以物喜,不以己悲not pleased by external gains，not saddened by personnal losses 不遗余力spare no effort; go all out； do one\'s best 不打不成交”No discord, no concord. 拆东墙补西墙rob Peter to pay Paul 辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old and usher in the new； ring out the old year and ring in the new 大事化小,小事化了try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all 大开眼界open one\'s eyes; broaden one\'s horizon; be an eye-opener 国泰民安The country flourishes and people live in peace 过犹不及going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short； too much is as bad as too little 功夫不负有心人Everything comes to him who waits。好了伤疤忘了疼once on shore， one prays no more 好事不出门，恶事传千里Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide. 和气生财Harmony brings wealth 活到老，学到老One is never too old to
英汉对比研究读书报告
英汉对比研究读书报告
摘要：英语和汉语的对比，通过对两这种语言的语法特征、修辞手段、翻译技巧、思维方式等等方面的具体讲解，把语言和文化结合起来，对中西方思维方式的不同加以对比分析讲解，清晰、不显枯燥的同时又具有说服力。众所周知，要想学好外语，对其特点的了解是必须的，而要了解其特点，最好的方法就是与母语加以比较。思维方式是造成语言差异的重要原因。影响思维方式的因素也多种多样。英语学习，尤其是翻译，不是一蹴而就的，它需要不断地理解学习和练习，更多时候，了解英汉语言之间的不同以及中西方文化、思维上的的追根溯源也是必要的，因为学习一门语言语言，在一定程度上也是对其文化和思维方式的学习。Speaking of English and Chinese comparison，the language of the two rhetorical devices, translation skills, thinking mode and so on,they combine language with culture. As we all know, in order to learn a foreign language, it is necessary to understand its characteristics, and to understand its characteristics, the best way is to compare with the mother tongue. There are many factors influencing the way of thinking. Learning English, especially translation, not overnight, it needs to understand the study and practice, more often, understanding between English and Chinese and Western cultures, different thinking on the back is necessary, because learning a foreign language is the way of thinking and learning. 关键词：思维方式语法特征修辞手段翻译技巧逻辑思维抽象思维英语注重形合，且注重环环相扣的逻辑关系，所以汉译英时往往要加入连词和对句子进行扩展和组合，形成复合句或长句；相反，由于汉语句子一般结构较为简化，无拖沓，所以在英译汉时也应当注意，常常需要将英语句子进行分解、拆散和重组。英语文章多为长短句交错使用，了解这一特点对平时汉译英和写作时也大有益处。又如，英语通常为物做主语，而汉语则为人，所以在英汉互译的时候要注意其人称、物称主语的转换。文化上的不同也是需要注意的，如在写作的时候，西方人喜欢引用专家学者，尤其是有科学依据的观点，而中国人则频繁使用领袖和伟人的话。思维方式是造成语言差异的重要原因。影响思维方式的因素也多种多样。其中最为明显的，概括而言是中国人的思维方式受到儒、道和佛三家的影响，形成了中国人的悟性，重人文，轻科学，而西方则讲求逻辑思维，以判断推理为主，提倡理性思辨和科学探索。英语学习，尤其是翻译，不是一蹴而就的，它需要不断地理解学习和练习，更多时候，了解英汉语言之间的不同以及中西方文化、思维上的的追根溯源也是必要的，因为学习一门语言语言，在一定程度上也是对其文化和思维方式的学习。The way of thinking,Performance method, rhetorical device,translation skill,logical thinking,abstract thinking, Pay attention to the logical relationship of interlocking, So the translation often join conjunctions and extension and combination of the sentence on the contrary, the Chinese sentence structure is simplified, without procrastination, so in English Chinese translation should also be noted that the English sentence often needs to be decomposed and detached and reassembled. English articles for the length of sentence interlaced, understanding of the characteristics of the usual translation and writing is also helpful. Cultural differences also need to be noted,
英译汉常用成语
英译常用的100个中国成语 [日期：2012-07-13] 来源：作者：[字体：大中小] 1.爱屋及乌Love me, love my dog. 2.百闻不如一见Seeing is believing. 3.比上不足比下有余worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst. 4.笨鸟先飞A slow sparrow should make an early start. 5.不眠之夜white night 6.不以物喜不以己悲not pleased by external gains, not saddened by personnal losses 7.不遗余力spare no effort; go all out; do one\'s best 8.不打不成交No discord, no concord. 9.拆东墙补西墙rob Peter to pay Paul 10.辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year an d ring in th e new
11.大事化小小事化了try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all 12.大开眼界open one\'s eyes; broaden one\'s horizon; be an eye-opener 13.国泰民安The country flourishes and people live in peace 14.过犹不及going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little 15.功夫不负有心人Everything comes to him who waits. 16.好了伤疤忘了疼once on shore, one prays no more 17.好事不出门恶事传千里Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news s pread far and wide. 18.和气生财Harmony brings wealth. 19.活到老学到老One is never too old to learn. 20.既往不咎let bygones be bygones
英语翻译四字成语大全
“四字格”翻译 （一）并列关系 名山大川famous mountains and great rivers 名胜古迹scenic spots and historical sites 湖光山色landscape of lakes and hills 青山绿水green hills and clear waters 奇松怪石strangely-shaped pines and grotesque rock formations 平等互利equality and mutual benefit 扬长避短play up strengths and avoid weaknesses 反腐倡廉fight corruption and build a clean government 简政放权streamline administration and institute decentralization 集思广益draw on collective wisdon and absorb all useful ideas 国泰民安the country flourish and the people live in peace and harmony 政通人和the government functions well and people cooperate well 国计民生national welfare and the people’s livelihood 辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new 徇私舞弊bend the law for personal gain and engage in fraud 流连忘返linger on with no thought of leaving for home 国际局势复杂多变the complex and volatile international situation 开拓进取blaze new trails and forge ahead
2020年整理英汉对比翻译.pdf
Unit1 Some scientists speculate the reduction in mental function often attributed to getting old may really be a penalty of neglecting to stay physically active, in addition to related factors such as medicines and poor diet. If you venture just a little way into the woods, your menu can become even more varied. The roots of Jerusalem artichokes () are often dug in spring and fall at the edges of woods, where the grounds may once have been tilled or farmed. Under U.S. law all aliens seeking admission are presumed to require an immigrant visa unless they establish that they are entitled to receive a visa in one of the nonimmigrant categories. “I believe that the staging of ‘Turandot’ in Beijing will further demonstrate that the arts, whether opera or film, are the best media for people of different cultures and histories to co mmunicate with each other and to share their feelings and emotions”, said Zhang Yimou, the director of the production. “ I spent three or four hours on two short chapters –– savoring each paragraph, lingering over a sentence, a phrase or even a single word, building a detailed mental picture of the scene. Unit2 After lunch he walked to the Que Hua Bridge, where he hired a small boat and paddled along towards the north. Soon he reached the Li Xia Pavilion, so he stepped ashore and went in, and when he entered the gate he saw a house, the paint of which was practically all worn away. Of all the children, granny loved her second son, my uncle, best. The reason is that he not only resembles her very much, but also represents all her hopes. During those days, with grandpa losing his job first and then becoming bed-ridden with paralysis, our family was living in straitened circumstances. Granny pinned all the hopes of the family on my uncle, who was vivacious by nature and brilliant in his studies ever since his childhood,
成语英语翻译大全[1]
成语英语翻译大全 爱屋及乌Love me,love my dog. 百闻不如一见Seeing is believing. 比上不足，比下有余"worse off than some,better off than many;tofall short of the best,but be better than the worst 笨鸟先飞A slow sparrow should make an early start. 不眠之夜white night 不以物喜，不以己悲not pleased by external gains,not saddenedby personnal losses 不遗余力spare no effort;go all out;do one‘s best 不打不成交"No discord,no concord. 拆东墙补西墙rob Peter to pay Paul 辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old and usher in the new;ring out theold year and ring in the new 大事化小，小事化了try first to make their mistake sound lessserious and then to reduce it to nothing at all 大开眼界open one‘s eyes;broaden one‘s horizon;be aneye-opener 国泰民安The country flourishes and people live in peace 过犹不及going too far is as bad as not going far enough;beyond isas wrong as falling short;too much is as bad as too little 功夫不负有心人Everything comes to him who waits. 好了伤疤忘了疼once on shore,one prays no more 好事不出门，恶事传千里Good news never goes beyond the gate,while bad news spread far and wide. 和气生财Harmony brings wealth 活到老，学到老One is never too old to learn. 既往不咎let bygones be bygones 金无足赤,人无完人Gold can‘t be pure and man can‘t be perfect. 金玉满堂Treasures fill the home 脚踏实地be down-to-earth 脚踩两只船sit on the fence 君子之交淡如水the friendship between gentlemen is as pure ascrystal;a hedge between keeps friendship green 老生常谈，陈词滥调cut and dried,cliché 礼尚往来Courtesy calls for reciprocity. 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧"Where there is life,there is hope." 马到成功achieve immediate victory;win instant success 名利双收gain in both fame and wealth 茅塞顿开be suddenly enlightened 没有规矩不成方圆Nothing can be accomplished without norms orstandards. 每逢佳节倍思亲On festive occasions more than ever one thinks of one‘s dear onesfar away.It is on the festival occasions when one misses his dearmost. 谋事在人，成事在天"The planning lies with man,the outcome withHeaven./Man proposes,God disposes." 弄巧成拙be too smart by half;Cunning outwits itself. 拿手好戏masterpiece
英汉互译中的汉语四字结构
龙源期刊网 https://www.360docs.net/doc/8818231006.html, 英汉互译中的汉语四字结构 作者：胡海涛彭贝妮 来源：《科技视界》2015年第09期 【摘要】汉语中的四字结构言简意赅，生动形象，比一般词语有着更强的表现力，是人 们喜欢用的一种精粹的语言材料。无论是汉译英中的四字结构的英译，还是英译汉中对四字结构的使用，都应遵循“忠实、通顺”的翻译标准。 【关键词】英汉互译；四字结构；忠实、通顺；翻译标准 在汉语写作的作品和用汉语翻译的作品中，我们会发现四字结构的运用很广泛。这是因为四字结构的适当运用会使文章更加形象生动、简明有力、寓意深刻；读起来也铿锵有力，顺口悦耳，从形式上看，它整齐匀称，文字流畅。使人读后印象会更加深刻。 四字结构通常指汉语中常用到的成语，也包括自行组合成通顺合理的四字结构，那么在英汉互译中如何处理对它的翻译呢？ 我们知道，四字结构特别是成语与中华民族的地理环境、历史背景、风俗习惯、思维方式、经济生活及语言特色等密切相关，具有显著的民族性，文化内涵及其丰富。所以在翻译中要特别注意，以免引起读者的误解。 在汉译英中，如果译文不违背语言规范，又不会引起读者的误解时，尽可使用直译法，这样就可以保留原文的形象、修辞特色和民族特色。例如：“忍气吞声”可直译为“swallow his anger and hold his tongue”。由于汉英文化也有相通之处，所以在某些情况下也可直接借用一些含义相同、形象一致的英语习语。例如：“趁热打铁strike while the iron is hot”。但要特别注意的一点是由于生活习惯或思维方式等不同，许多英语习语虽与汉语成语有相同或相似的形象或比喻，但含义却不同，在翻译时，就不能简单的借用。例如：“同舟共济”就不能直接译为“to be in the same boat”，因为前者在汉语中含有积极意义，而后者却是有着消极含义的一个习 语。 有的成语源出历史故事或寓言故事，但沿用已久，失去了原来的故事性；有的成语的形象变得不再新鲜生动，人们在使用时只用其喻义；有的成语如直译后会显得生硬、拖沓。在这些情况下，就可以运用意译法。如“滥竽充数”（to make up the number），“名落孙山”（fail），“旗鼓相当”（well-matched）等。 在很多情况下，为了达到既保留原文形象，又能使译文畅达的效果，经常使用直译兼意译的方法。如“斩草除根”（pluck up the evil by the roots）。还有的成语为了音韵整齐而使用两组同义词，在翻译这种成语时，不必亦步亦趋，译出一组的意思就可以了。如“油嘴滑舌”（glib tongue），“捕风捉影”（catch at shadows），“狼吞虎咽”（wolf something down）等。
英语成语翻译大全
爱屋及乌Love me, love my dog. 百闻不如一见Seeing is believing. 比上不足，比下有余"worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst 笨鸟先飞A slow sparrow should make an early start. 不眠之夜white night 不以物喜，不以己悲not pleased by external gains, not saddened by personnal losses 不遗余力spare no effort; go all out; do one‘s best 不打不成交"No discord, no concord. 拆东墙补西墙rob Peter to pay Paul 辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new 大事化小，小事化了try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all 大开眼界open one‘s eyes; broaden one‘s horizon; be an eye-opener 国泰民安The country flourishes and people live in peace 过犹不及going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little 功夫不负有心人Everything comes to him who waits. 好了伤疤忘了疼once on shore, one prays no more 好事不出门，恶事传千里Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide. 和气生财Harmony brings wealth 活到老，学到老One is never too old to learn. 既往不咎let bygones be bygones 金无足赤,人无完人Gold can‘t be pure and man can‘t be perfect.
汉语成语英语翻译
1.爱屋及乌Love me, love my dog. 2.百闻不如一见Seeing is believing. 3.比上不足比下有余worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst. 4.笨鸟先飞A slow sparrow should make an early start. 5.不眠之夜white night 6.不以物喜不以己悲not pleased by external gains, not saddened by personnal losses 7.不遗余力spare no effort; go all out; do one's best 8.不打不成交No discord, no concord. 9.拆东墙补西墙rob Peter to pay Paul 10.辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new 11.大事化小小事化了try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all 12.大开眼界open one's eyes; broaden one's horizon; be an eye-opener 13.国泰民安The country flourishes and people live in peace 14.过犹不及going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little 15.功夫不负有心人Everything comes to him who waits. 16.好了伤疤忘了疼once on shore, one prays no more 17.好事不出门恶事传千里Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide. 18.和气生财Harmony brings wealth. 19.活到老学到老One is never too old to learn. 20.既往不咎let bygones be bygones 21.金无足赤人无完人Gold can't be pure and man can't be perfect. 22.金玉满堂Treasures fill the home. 23.脚踏实地be down-to-earth 24.脚踩两只船sit on the fence 25.君子之交淡如水the friendship between gentlemen is as pure as crystal; a hedge between keeps friendship green 26.老生常谈陈词滥调cut and dried, cliché 27.礼尚往来Courtesy calls for reciprocity. 28.留得青山在不怕没柴烧Where there is life, there is hope. 29.马到成功achieve immediate victory; win instant success 30.名利双收gain in both fame and wealth 31.茅塞顿开be suddenly enlightened 32.没有规矩不成方圆Nothing can be accomplished without norms or standards. 33.每逢佳节倍思亲On festive occasions more than ever one thinks of one's dear ones far away.It is on the festival occasions when one misses his dear most. 34.谋事在人成事在天The planning lies with man, the outcome with Heaven. Man proposes, God disposes. 35.弄巧成拙be too smart by half; Cunning outwits itself 36.拿手好戏masterpiece
最新整理高中英语考前必备常用俗语、成语英汉互译.docx
最新整理高中英语考前必备常用俗语、成语英汉互译告诉你，一句适当的俗语成语引用能够为你的文章增色，下面为大家提供一些参考，希望大家可以灵活运用并取得好成绩。 1.Evenifthemonkcanrunaway,histemplecannotrunwithhim. 跑得了和尚，跑不了庙。 2.EvenifIweretobebeatentodeath,Iwillnottell. 打死我也不说。 3.Modestyhelpsonegoforward,whereasconceitmakesonelagbehind. 谦虚使人进步，骄傲使人落后。 4.Ifwintercomes,canspringbefarbehind? 冬天来了，春天还会远吗? 5.Wewillnotattackunlessweareattacked. 人不犯我，我不犯人。 6.Wisdompreparesfortheworst;butfollyleavestheworstforthedayitcome s. 聪明人防患于未然，愚蠢者临渴掘井。 7.Intheendthingswillmend. 车到山前必有路。 8.Todieonone'sfeetisbetterthantoliveonone'sknees. 好死不如赖活。 9.Bloodisthickerthanwater. 血浓于水。 10.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.
谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。 11.Giveknavesaninchandtheywilltakeayard. 得寸进尺。 12.Hethatrespectsothersshalllikewiseberespected. 敬人者，人恒敬之。 13.Allgoodthingscometoanend. 天下无不散之筵席。 14.Giveadogabadnameandhanghim. 欲加之罪何患无词。 15.Nothingventure,nothinghave. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。 16.DoinRomeastheRomansdo. 入乡随俗。 17.Thingsdonecannotundone. 覆水难收。 18.Misfortunesnevercomealone. 祸不单行。 19.Beautyisintheeyesofthebeholders. 情人眼里出西施。 20.Timeandtidewaitfornoman. 时不我待 21.Killtwobirdswithonestone. 一石二鸟，一箭双雕。
英语成语翻译精选
英语成语翻译精选 有相当一部分成语可以用英语直接翻译出来，这样非常方便我们记忆。 （1）bad egg坏蛋，歹徒。 Trust him nothing；he is a bad egg。别信他，他是个坏蛋。 （2）crocodile tears鳄鱼的眼泪，假慈悲。 Don’t weep crocodile tears with his misfortune. I know you have always detested him and are only too happy to see him get into trouble。别假惺惺地为他的不幸难过了，我知道你一直讨厌他，看到他倒霉，心里可高兴哩！ （3）cry wolf呼喊“狼来了”，发假情报。 That politician cries wolf in every speech he makes。那个政治家在他的每篇演说中都发假警报。 （4）（that is）easier said than done说起来容易做起来难。 Easier said than done，let’s pay more attention to practice.
说起来容易做起来难，让我们多注意些实践吧！ （5）fish in troubled waters混水摸鱼，乘人之危。 He’s always been good at fishing in troubled waters; he made a lot of money by buying houses that were bombed in the war.他总是善于乘人之危大捞一把，他靠购买在战争中遭过轰炸的房屋而赚了大量的钱财。 （6）fish out of water离水之鱼，不得其所。 She felt like a fish of water at the evening party because she knew no one. 她在晚会上感到很局促，因为她一个人也不认识。 （7）gives someone an inch and he will take an ell得寸进尺。 If you give those people an inch，they’ll take an ell；we told them they might use our side path to reach their garden，now they have fenced in the path so that we cannot use it ourselves.那些人就是得寸进尺；我们对他们说，他们可以经过我们的小道进他们的花园，现
英汉对比与翻译作业答案
The Assignment of a Contrastive Approach to Translation Between English and Chinese ( III ) 翻译下列句子或语段： 1.Only the thought of his mother gave him the strength to go on doing it. 想起母亲，他才鼓足勇气继续做了下去。 2.It was only my capacity for hard work that saved me from early dismissal. 要不是我能干重活，早就给辞退了。 3.China’s support is constant source of encouragement to us in the pursuit of social and economic development and the maintenance of national independence. 中国的支持始终鼓励我们去追求社会和经济发展，维护国家独立。 4.Robots have found application for the exploration of the outer space. 机器人已用于探索外层空间。 5.He’s a big eater. 他这人非常能吃。 6.Of the girl’s sensations they remained a little in doubt. 译文一：姑娘的心思他们一时还无法断定。 译文二：他们一时还无法断定姑娘的心思。 7.He is inexperienced in driving. 译文一：开车他没有经验。 译文二：他开车方面没有经验。 8.And am I not indebted to you for the bread I eat? 译文一：我眼下有口饭吃，还不是多亏了你吗？ 译文二：还不是多亏了你，我眼下才有口饭吃。 9.I’ll make my own decision in marriage. 译文一：婚姻的事我自己做主。 译文二：婚姻上我要自己做主。 译文三：我的婚姻我做主。 10.父母爱护子女无微不至。 译文一：Parents’ love of their children is perfect and minute. 译文二：Parents love their children perfectly and minutely. 译文三：Parents are perfect and minute in loving their children. 11.一定要少说空话，多做工作。 译文一: There must be less empty talk and more hard work. 译文二：We should talk less and do more hard work. 12.德国入侵波兰在全世界引起轰动。 译文一: German’s invasion of Poland caused an enormous sensation throughout the world. 译文二：German invaded Poland and it caused an enormous sensation throughout the world. 13.上下班他一般坐地铁。 He usually rides subways to and from work. 14.端午节吃粽子。 People eat rice dumplings on the Dragon Boat Festival. 15.这会儿正下着毛毛雨。 It’s drizzling at the moment. 16.不逢北国之秋，已将近十余年了。 译文一: I have not seen autumn in the North for over ten years. 译文二： It is more than a decade since I last saw autumn in the North. 17.众庄客一头笑着，扶了洪教头，羞颜满面，自投庄外去了。 The tenants burst into laughter and supported the fully shamefaced Master Hong in going out of the house. 18.沉默呵，沉默！不在沉默中爆发，就在沉默中灭亡。 Silence, silence! Unless one bursts out, he shall perish in this silence. 注意：请大家在做作业之前，仔细阅读课本中“刚性与柔性” (Rigid vs. S upple)、“静态与动态” （Static vs. Dynamic）两章内容。