集合与常用逻辑用语高考真题

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集合与常用逻辑用语高考真题

1.(2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ文)已知集合A={1,2,3,4},B={x|x=n2,x∈A},则A∩B =()

A.{1,4} B.{2,3}

C.{9,16} D.{1,2}

解析:选A.∵A={1,2,3,4},B={x|x=n2,x∈A},

∴B={1,4,9,16},∴A∩B={1,4}.

2.(2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ理)已知集合A={x|x2-2x>0},B={x|-5

A.A∩B=∅B.A∪B=R

C.B⊆A D.A⊆B

解析:选B.∵A={x|x>2或x<0},B={x|-5

∴A∩B={x|-5

3.(2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅱ理)已知集合M={x|(x-1)2<4,x∈R},N={-1,0,1,2,3},则M∩N=()

A.{0,1,2} B.{-1,0,1,2}

C.{-1,0,2,3} D.{0,1,2,3}

解析:选A.集合M={x|-1

4.(2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅱ文)已知集合M={x|-3

A.{-2,-1,0,1} B.{-3,-2,-1,0}

C.{-2,-1,0} D.{-3,-2,-1}

解析:选C.M∩N={-2,-1,0},故选C.

5.(2013·高考大纲全国卷理)设集合A={1,2,3},B={4,5},M={x|x=a+b,a∈A,b∈B},则M中元素的个数为()

A.3 B.4

C.5 D.6

解析:选B.由题意可知,集合M={5,6,7,8},共4个元素.

6.(2013·高考大纲全国卷文)设全集U={1,2,3,4,5},集合A={1,2},则∁U A=() A.{1,2} B.{3,4,5}

C.{1,2,3,4,5} D.∅

解析:选B.∵U={1,2,3,4,5},A={1,2},∴∁U A={3,4,5}.

7.(2013·高考山东卷理)已知集合A={0,1,2},则集合B={x-y |x∈A, y∈A}中元素的个数是()

A.1 B.3

C.5 D.9

解析:选C.当x=0,y=0时,x-y=0;当x=0,y=1时,x-y=-1;

当x=0,y=2时,x-y=-2;当x=1,y=0时,x-y=1;

当x=1,y=1时,x-y=0;当x=1,y=2时,x-y=-1;

当x=2,y=0时,x-y=2;当x=2,y=1时,x-y=1;

当x=2,y=2时,x-y=0.根据集合中元素的互异性知,B中元素有0,-1,-2,1,2,共5个.

8.(2013·高考山东卷文)已知集合A,B均为全集U={1,2,3,4}的子集,且∁U(A∪B)={4},B={1,2},则A∩∁U B=()

A.{3} B.{4}

C.{3,4} D.∅

解析:选A.∵U={1,2,3,4},∁U(A∪B)={4},

∴A∪B={1,2,3}.又∵B={1,2},∴{3}⊆A⊆{1,2,3}.

又∁U B={3,4},∴A∩∁U B={3}.

9.(2013·高考浙江卷理)设集合S ={x |x >-2},T ={x |x 2+3x -4≤0},则(∁R S )∪T =( )

A .(-2,1]

B .(-∞,-4]

C .(-∞,1]

D .[1,+∞)

解析:选C.因为S ={x |x >-2},所以∁R S ={x |x ≤-2}.而T ={x |-4≤x ≤1},所以(∁R S )∪T ={x |x ≤-2}∪{x |-4≤x ≤1}={x |x ≤1}.

10.(2013·高考浙江卷文)设集合S ={x |x >-2},T ={x |-4≤x ≤1},则S ∩T =( )

A .[-4,+∞)

B .(-2,+∞)

C .[-4,1]

D .(-2,1]

解析:选D.S ∩T ={x |x >-2}∩{x |-4≤x ≤1}=

{x |-2

11.(2013·高考北京卷理)已知集合A ={-1,0,1},B ={x |-1≤x <1},则A ∩B =( )

A .{0}

B .{-1,0}

C .{0,1}

D .{-1,0,1}

解析:选B.∵A ={-1,0,1},B ={x |-1≤x <1}且1∉B ,

∴A ∩B ={-1,0}.

12.(2013·高考天津卷理)已知集合A ={x ∈R ||x |≤2},B ={x ∈R |x ≤1},则A ∩B =( )

A .(-∞,2]

B .[1,2]

C .[-2,2]

D .[-2,1]

解析:选D.由已知得A ={x |-2≤x ≤2},于是A ∩B ={x |-2≤x ≤1}.

13.(2013·高考福建卷文)若集合A ={1,2,3},B ={1,3,4},则A ∩B 的子集个数为( )

A .2

B .3

C .4

D .16

解析:选C.A ∩B ={1,3},其子集有∅,{1},{3},{1,3},共4个.

14.(2013·高考辽宁卷文)已知集合A ={0,1,2,3,4},B ={x ||x |<2},则A ∩B =( )

A .{0}

B .{0,1}

C .{0,2}

D .{0,1,2}

解析:选B.B ={x ||x |<2}={x |-2

15.(2013·高考辽宁卷理)已知集合A ={x |0

A .(0,1)

B .(0,2]

C .(1,2)

D .(1,2]

解析:选D.因为A ={x |0

所以A ∩B ={x |1

16.(2013·高考湖南卷文)已知集合U ={2,3,6,8},A ={2,3},B ={2,6,8},则(∁U A )∩B =________.

解析:∵U ={2,3,6,8},A ={2,3},∴∁U A ={6,8}.

∴(∁U A )∩B ={6,8}∩{2,6,8}={6,8}.

答案:{6,8}

17.(2013·高考江西卷理)已知集合M ={1,2,z i},i 为虚数单位,N ={3,4},M ∩N ={4},则复数z =( )

A .-2i

B .2i

C .-4i

D .4i

解析:选C.因为M ={1,2,z i},N ={3,4},由M ∩N ={4},得4∈M ,所以z i =4,所以z =-4i.

18.(2013·高考江西卷文)若集合A ={x ∈R |ax 2+ax +1=0}中只有一个元素,则a =( )

A .4

B .2

C .0

D .0或4

解析:选A.当a =0时,方程化为1=0,无解,集合A 为空集,不符合题意;当a ≠0时,由Δ=a 2-4a =0,解得a =4.

19.(2013·高考湖北卷理)已知全集为R ,集合A =⎩⎨⎧⎭

⎬⎫x | ⎝⎛⎭⎫12x ≤1,B ={x |x 2-6x +8≤0},则A ∩∁R B =( )

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