集合与常用逻辑用语高考真题
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集合与常用逻辑用语高考真题
1.(2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ文)已知集合A={1,2,3,4},B={x|x=n2,x∈A},则A∩B =()
A.{1,4} B.{2,3}
C.{9,16} D.{1,2}
解析:选A.∵A={1,2,3,4},B={x|x=n2,x∈A},
∴B={1,4,9,16},∴A∩B={1,4}.
2.(2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ理)已知集合A={x|x2-2x>0},B={x|-5 A.A∩B=∅B.A∪B=R C.B⊆A D.A⊆B 解析:选B.∵A={x|x>2或x<0},B={x|-5 ∴A∩B={x|-5 3.(2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅱ理)已知集合M={x|(x-1)2<4,x∈R},N={-1,0,1,2,3},则M∩N=() A.{0,1,2} B.{-1,0,1,2} C.{-1,0,2,3} D.{0,1,2,3} 解析:选A.集合M={x|-1 4.(2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅱ文)已知集合M={x|-3 A.{-2,-1,0,1} B.{-3,-2,-1,0} C.{-2,-1,0} D.{-3,-2,-1} 解析:选C.M∩N={-2,-1,0},故选C. 5.(2013·高考大纲全国卷理)设集合A={1,2,3},B={4,5},M={x|x=a+b,a∈A,b∈B},则M中元素的个数为() A.3 B.4 C.5 D.6 解析:选B.由题意可知,集合M={5,6,7,8},共4个元素. 6.(2013·高考大纲全国卷文)设全集U={1,2,3,4,5},集合A={1,2},则∁U A=() A.{1,2} B.{3,4,5} C.{1,2,3,4,5} D.∅ 解析:选B.∵U={1,2,3,4,5},A={1,2},∴∁U A={3,4,5}. 7.(2013·高考山东卷理)已知集合A={0,1,2},则集合B={x-y |x∈A, y∈A}中元素的个数是() A.1 B.3 C.5 D.9 解析:选C.当x=0,y=0时,x-y=0;当x=0,y=1时,x-y=-1; 当x=0,y=2时,x-y=-2;当x=1,y=0时,x-y=1; 当x=1,y=1时,x-y=0;当x=1,y=2时,x-y=-1; 当x=2,y=0时,x-y=2;当x=2,y=1时,x-y=1; 当x=2,y=2时,x-y=0.根据集合中元素的互异性知,B中元素有0,-1,-2,1,2,共5个. 8.(2013·高考山东卷文)已知集合A,B均为全集U={1,2,3,4}的子集,且∁U(A∪B)={4},B={1,2},则A∩∁U B=() A.{3} B.{4} C.{3,4} D.∅ 解析:选A.∵U={1,2,3,4},∁U(A∪B)={4}, ∴A∪B={1,2,3}.又∵B={1,2},∴{3}⊆A⊆{1,2,3}. 又∁U B={3,4},∴A∩∁U B={3}. 9.(2013·高考浙江卷理)设集合S ={x |x >-2},T ={x |x 2+3x -4≤0},则(∁R S )∪T =( ) A .(-2,1] B .(-∞,-4] C .(-∞,1] D .[1,+∞) 解析:选C.因为S ={x |x >-2},所以∁R S ={x |x ≤-2}.而T ={x |-4≤x ≤1},所以(∁R S )∪T ={x |x ≤-2}∪{x |-4≤x ≤1}={x |x ≤1}. 10.(2013·高考浙江卷文)设集合S ={x |x >-2},T ={x |-4≤x ≤1},则S ∩T =( ) A .[-4,+∞) B .(-2,+∞) C .[-4,1] D .(-2,1] 解析:选D.S ∩T ={x |x >-2}∩{x |-4≤x ≤1}= {x |-2 11.(2013·高考北京卷理)已知集合A ={-1,0,1},B ={x |-1≤x <1},则A ∩B =( ) A .{0} B .{-1,0} C .{0,1} D .{-1,0,1} 解析:选B.∵A ={-1,0,1},B ={x |-1≤x <1}且1∉B , ∴A ∩B ={-1,0}. 12.(2013·高考天津卷理)已知集合A ={x ∈R ||x |≤2},B ={x ∈R |x ≤1},则A ∩B =( ) A .(-∞,2] B .[1,2] C .[-2,2] D .[-2,1] 解析:选D.由已知得A ={x |-2≤x ≤2},于是A ∩B ={x |-2≤x ≤1}. 13.(2013·高考福建卷文)若集合A ={1,2,3},B ={1,3,4},则A ∩B 的子集个数为( ) A .2 B .3 C .4 D .16 解析:选C.A ∩B ={1,3},其子集有∅,{1},{3},{1,3},共4个. 14.(2013·高考辽宁卷文)已知集合A ={0,1,2,3,4},B ={x ||x |<2},则A ∩B =( ) A .{0} B .{0,1} C .{0,2} D .{0,1,2} 解析:选B.B ={x ||x |<2}={x |-2 15.(2013·高考辽宁卷理)已知集合A ={x |0 A .(0,1) B .(0,2] C .(1,2) D .(1,2] 解析:选D.因为A ={x |0 所以A ∩B ={x |1 16.(2013·高考湖南卷文)已知集合U ={2,3,6,8},A ={2,3},B ={2,6,8},则(∁U A )∩B =________. 解析:∵U ={2,3,6,8},A ={2,3},∴∁U A ={6,8}. ∴(∁U A )∩B ={6,8}∩{2,6,8}={6,8}. 答案:{6,8} 17.(2013·高考江西卷理)已知集合M ={1,2,z i},i 为虚数单位,N ={3,4},M ∩N ={4},则复数z =( ) A .-2i B .2i C .-4i D .4i 解析:选C.因为M ={1,2,z i},N ={3,4},由M ∩N ={4},得4∈M ,所以z i =4,所以z =-4i. 18.(2013·高考江西卷文)若集合A ={x ∈R |ax 2+ax +1=0}中只有一个元素,则a =( ) A .4 B .2 C .0 D .0或4 解析:选A.当a =0时,方程化为1=0,无解,集合A 为空集,不符合题意;当a ≠0时,由Δ=a 2-4a =0,解得a =4. 19.(2013·高考湖北卷理)已知全集为R ,集合A =⎩⎨⎧⎭ ⎬⎫x | ⎝⎛⎭⎫12x ≤1,B ={x |x 2-6x +8≤0},则A ∩∁R B =( )