个性化教学辅导教案 高考英语语法专题：介词与介词短语 (含答案)

个性化教学辅导教案
【词汇串烧】
A Horrible Earthquake
Dirty water rose in well s and canal s before the earthquake. But no one judge d that an earthquake was coming. Suddenly, everything shook. It seemed as if the world was at an end. Millions of brick houses and a number of dam s were destroy ed. Railway track s became useless bar s. Pipe s in mine s burst and let out smelly steam. Huge crack s trap ped cyclist s everywhere.
The next day, this event was the headline or main title of all newspapers. With the reporter s giving an outline of the disaster, the whole nation was shock ed by the damage and the victim’s extreme suffering. People were moved when they read that the survivors comforted each other by saying “Congratulations! You survived!”. So they not only express ed their sympathy sincerely, but also organized together to help the victims right away. The injure d were rescue d and the dead were buried. The frighten ed survivors were dug out from under the ruin s and were offered shelter, fresh water and electricity. Thanks to people’s help, the loss was minimized.
可怕的地震
地震前，水井和运河里的污水都涨涌起来。

但是却没人判断出地震即将来临。

霎那间，一切都在摇晃，似乎整个世界就要结束。

数以百万的砖房和许多水坝遭到破坏；铁路轨道都变成无用的铁条；煤矿管道纷纷爆裂，发出有臭味的蒸汽；到处都有骑车的人被巨大的裂缝陷住。

第二天，所有报纸都纷纷以大字标题或主要标题报道了这一事件。

记者们描述了灾难的大概情况，全国都被地震的破坏和灾民们极度的苦难所震惊。

当人们读到幸存者以“恭喜啊，你还活着。

”来互相安慰时，都被感动了。

人们不仅衷心地表达了他们的同情，而且还立刻组织起来帮助灾民。

伤员被救助了，死者被埋葬了，吓坏的幸存者被从废墟中挖出来了，栖身处、净水和电力也很快得到提供。

多亏了人们的帮助，灾区的损失被减到了最小。

【词汇点拨】
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Born ______［1］Peking, Yuan Longping graduated ______［2］Southwest Agricultural College in China ______［3］1953, and ______［4］his graduation he has devoted himself ______［5］agricultural education and research. His pioneering research has helped rid China ______［6］hunger ______［7］three decades. In 1973, ______［8］cooperation with others, he was able to cultivate a type of hybrid rice species which had great advantages ______［9］others and whose output would increase ______［10］20 percent than that of common ones.
______［11］higher yields than previous varieties, Professor Yuan’s new crop, regarded ______［12］the fifth invention ______［13］China’s Four Major Inventions, has quickly improved China’s food supply. ______［14］any hesitation, he shared his knowledge
and technology with foreign scientists, so farmers in more than ten other countries______［15］China have thus benefited ______［16］his work, gaining access______［17］his technology.
______［18］return, he was awarded ______［19］many international awards for his great achievements. In his spare time, Dr. Yuan loves playing the violin and listening to music. Every night, he reads ______［20］half an hour ______［21］various topics before he goes to sleep. But he cares for nothing more than his research and he goes to the fields twice a day ______［22］motorbike, which has left a strong impression ______［23］us.
1.介词的固定搭配不熟悉
2.表示同一类的介词辨析不到位
介词和介词短语
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13、in charge of和in the charge of：两者都表示“由谁负责、照顾、管理”。

区别在于：in charge
of后接被照管的人或物，而in the charge of后面则跟照管的人。

如：
Who is in charge of the project?
The project is in the charge of an engineer.。

14、as, like：as作“作为”、“以……地位或身份”解。

如：Let me speak to you as a father.（事实
是父亲）；like作“象……一样”解。

如：
Let me speak to you like a father.（事实上不是父亲）。

15、in front of 和in the front of：in front of = before，是“在……前面”的意思（不在某物内）；
in the front of则是“在……前部”的意思（在某物内）。

如：
There is a desk in front of the blackboard.
The boy sat in the front of the car.。

16、in, into：into表示动向，不表示目的地或位置。

如：We walked into the park.；in通常表示
位置。

如：We walked in the park；in和drop, fall, put, throw, break等终止性动词连用时，也可以表示动向。

如：
I have put the coin in (into) my pocket.我把硬币放进衣袋。

一．在横线上填入正确的介词。

1. This is a common mistake students.
2. My father began to work a bus driver when he was twenty years old.
3. He will return three o'clock.
4. The teacher is busy teaching.
5. My father was disappointed the news.
6. In Hangzhou Mr Green was so struck the beauty of nature that he stayed
another night.
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7. I followed the man a while，and saw him enter into the bank.
8. The only reason a man would sell sale a lower price would be because he was desperate for money.
9. The new boy looked at the teacher a few seconds
10. The young man went home a happy heart．
二．介词单句改错。

（1）We must serve for the people heart and soul.
（2）I followed the man for a while，and saw him enter into the bank.
（3）Soon the nurse married with my friend Jim.
（4）I took a great many of photographs in the mountains.
（5）In English class，we often talk each other in English.
（6）Don‘t talk. What the man says is well worth listening.
（7）The chair looks hard，but it is comfortable to sit.
（8）She was very kind and insisted lending her car to us.
（9）I asked to her what she would be doing on Saturday.
（10）Are you glad to be going to back to school？
1.介词在短文改错中的常见错误
1）词组中的介词误用
2）介词意思理解偏差
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3）介词的多用或少用
① There are too many people among my family. （among 改为in my family 为固定搭配）
② I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. （去掉at ）
2.介词在语法填空中的考点
1)考查的重点主要是简单介词的基本用法，如after表示“在……之后”，behind表示“在……
的背后”，as表示“作为……”
2)考查固定搭配中的介词，如reward sb for sth , at table, on sale 等
①I didn’t understand why this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for
the reservation.
②But I didn’t care. A few hours before , I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with its choking smog.
一．单句改错
（1）On his way to home，he met one of his old friends Jack.
（2）Please close the door at next time you come in.
（3）Thousands of people go to the seaside in every year.
（4）We can finish the work either this week or in next week.
（5）We walked down the stairs instead taking the elevator.
（6）We could not have heard them because the noise from the river.
（7）Don‘t be angry to me for not having written—I was really too busy.
（8）I‘ve read a lot books about animals.
（9）He invited us to dinner，which was very kind for him.
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（10）I knew that there was no hope on the moment I saw him.
二、语篇填空
Father’s Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day 1 ____children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington.
A woman 2 _____the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought 3 ___the idea for Father’s Day while listening to a Mother’s Day sermon 4 _____1909.Having been raised 5 ____her father, Henry Jackson Smart, after her mother died, Sonora wanted her father to know how special he was 6 ___ her. It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was, 7 ___the eyes of his daughter, a courageous, selfless, and loving man.
Sonora’s father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Father’s Day celebration 8 __ Spokane, Washington 9 ____the 19th of June, 1910.
In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge announced the third Sunday in June 10 ____ Father’s Day. Roses are the flowers for Father’s Day.
一．短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号( )，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

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介词与介词短语参考答案
一、1. injured 2.shaking 3.disaster 4.were ruined 5.rise 6.judge 7.bricks 8.smelly 9.honoured 10.dam
11.burst 12.preparing 13.shocked 14.rescue 15.steam
二、1.a number of 2. right away 3.were dug out 4.at an end 5.thousands of
1. in 地点介词，在某个城市、国家等范围较大的地点前用in，小地点，如station/airport/ corner 等前面常用at。

2. 从某所学校毕业用graduated from。

3. in 在用于年、月前用in。

4. since“自……以后，从……以来”，表示某情况自过去某时间点或某个事件以来一直持续到现在，谓语动词通常使用完成时。

5. 介词to与动词devote构成词组devote oneself to表示“某人致力于某事”。

6. 词组rid sb. of表示“使某人摆脱”。

7. 介词within后面接一段时间，表示“不超过，在……的范围内”。

8. 固定搭配in cooperation with, 表示“与…合作”。

9. 固定搭配have advantages over，表示“比…有优势”。

10. by后接数量词，表示增加或减少的幅度。

11. with 表示“有”。

12. as表示“作为”。

13. after 表示“在……之后”。

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14. 词组without any hesitation表示“毫不犹豫地”。

15. besides表示“除了……外，还”。

16. 词组benefit from表示“从……中受益”。

17. access后常接介词to 构成词组access to表示“可获得/利用某物或到达某地”。

18. 词组in return, 表示“反过来，作为报答”。

19. be awarded with表示“被授予”。

20. for表示某事持续了一段时间。

21. about关于；在……方面。

22. by乘(交通工具)。

23. leave a strong impression on sb. 给某人留下深刻的印象。

一、 1..among 2.as 3.after 4.with 5.at 6.by for 7. for 8.for 9.for
10.with
二．（1）去掉for，serve 表示“为……服务”，是及物动词，后接宾语时无需用介词。

（2）去掉into，enter 表示“进入”时，是及物动词，后接宾语时无需用介词。

（3）去掉with，marry 表示“与……结婚”时，是及物动词，后接宾语时无需用介词。

（4）去掉of，a great many后可直接跟名词，无需用介词。

但若其后的名词有the，these，my 等表特指的限定词，则要用介词of，如a great many of my friends.
（5）talk 后加to，因talk 为不及物动词。

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（6）listening 后加to，因what the man says 是listen to 的逻辑宾语。

（7）sit 后加on或in，因为从逻辑上说就是sit on/in the chair.
（8）insisted 后加on，insist 后可接从句作宾语，但不接名词、代词、动名词等作宾语，遇此情况应用insist on.
（9）去掉to，因ask 是及物动词，后接宾语时无需用介词。

（10）去掉back 前的to，因back 是副词，其前不用介词。

一、1.for 2 .with 3.of 4.in 5.by 6.to 7.in 8.in 9.on 10.as
二、（11）去掉home 前的to，因home 是副词，其前不用介词。

（12）去掉at，因next time 在此用作连词，意为“下次”。

（13）去掉in，every year 可直接用作状语，其前无需用介词。

（14）去掉in，next week 可直接用作状语，其前无需用介词。

（15）instead 后加of，instead of 为复合介词，在此表示“而没有”。

（16）because 后加of，因其后接的是名词，而不是句子。

（17）to 改为with，要表示“对某人生气”，用be angry with sb.，不用be angry to sb.
（18）a lot 后加of，a lot of 意为“许多”。

（19）for 改为of，为it is very kind of sb．的变体。

（20）去掉on，the moment 在此用作连词，意为“一……就”。

一、小题1:the改成an
小题2:while 改成when
小题3:stop改成stopped
小题4:Heard改成Hearing
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