浅析英语改革的影响

A Brief Analysis of the Effects of English Reform in
College Entrance Examination in 2014 1Introduction
First and foremost, I would like to introduce the College Entrance Examination (Hereinafter referred to as Examination) of China. The Examination is “unified national examination of recruiting students of common colleges and universities”. And it was also called “Chinese CEE”.
1.1Current Situation
Along the road of development of the Examination, there always have had much voice to reform. Until 2014, the new government had new policies to it: on September 4, 2014, the State Council Information Office of the People’s Republic of China held a press c onference about the College Entrance Examination Reform. The main points in this reform are: there has no liberal arts or science, and students can attend English tests twice a year, then, the can choose the higher score into final scores. Every student can choose three subjects randomly from History, Politics, Geography, Physics, Chemistry and Biology to attend the Examination except for Chinese, Mathematics and English.
On June 7, 8, 9, English will no longer take part in the exam, whic h means that from t he form did “exit”, but in essence is not out of the university entrance exam of English. First, the English exam twice a year, is to take an examination of, are based on total admission; Second, as long as it is included in the total score of the exam, bu t also education administrative system, the examination is not a democracy, or unified
exam; Third, let it become a kind of social examination, should not let the government leading, is a kind of open competition, by students to choose. But most students will choose to hit the highest level. So the recent debate this topic “out of the college entrance examination English?”the answer is no exit.
Here, I want to share a speech from Jay Walker, English Mania.
Let’s talk about manias. Let's start with Beatles mania. Hysterical teenagers, crying, screaming, pandemonium. Sports mania. Deafening crowds. All for one idea. Get the ball in the net. Okay, religious mania. There's rapture. There's weeping. There’s visions. Manias can be good. Manias can be alarming,or manias can be deadly. The world has a new mania. A mania for learning English. Listen as Chinese students practice their English by screaming it. How many people are trying to learn English worldwide? Two billion of them.In Latin America, in India, in Southeast Asia, and most of all in China. If you are a Chinese student you start learning English in the third grade, by law. That’s why this year China will become the world’s largest English speaking country. Why English? In a single word: Opportunity. Opportunity for a better life, a job, to be able to pay for school, or put better food on the table. Imagine a student taking a giant test for three full days. Her score on this one test literally determines her future. She studies 12 hours a day for three years to prepare 25 percent of her grade is based on English. It’s called Gaokao. And 80 million high school Chinese students have already taken this grueling test. The intensity to learn English is almost unimaginable unless you witness it.So is English mania good or bad? Is English a tsunami, washing away other languages? Not likely. English is the world’s second language. Your native language is your life. But with English you can become part of a wider conversation,a global conversation about global problems，like climate change or poverty，or hunger or disease. The world has other universal languages. Mathematics is the language of science.
Music is the language of emotions. And now English is becoming the language of problem solving. Not because America is pushing it. But because the world is pulling it. So English mania is a turning point. Like the harnessing of electricity in our cities, or the fall of the Berlin Wall, English represents hope for a better future，a future where the world has a common language to solve its common problems.
Thank you very much.
2History of the College Entrance Examination
As we all know, China is a country with long history, of course including literature. In Chinese history, there are important period about educational process.
Here, I want to introduce the Culture Revolution during 1966-1976 in China.The full name of the Culture Revolution is “the great Proletarian Cultural R evolution”. Refers to in May 1966 to October 1976 in China by Mao Zedong initiated and led, by Lin Biao and Jiang Qing, two counter-revolutionary group use, bring serious disaster political movement of the Chinese nation
In 1966, as the basic completed the adjustment of the national economy, OUR country began to implement the Third Five-year Plan, the field of ideology criticism movement gradually developed into a polit ical movement against the party’s leadership.A field for ten years, causing serious disasters to the party and the people of the “Cultural Revolution”broke out.
In the so-called “revolution”, the party and state leaders included a large number of the central communist party cadres, head of the democratic parties, celebrities from all walks of life and the masses framed and persecuted. The party and the government institutions at all levels, people’s congresses and people’s political consultative conference organization, paralyzed and abnormal state for a long time.The dictatorship of public security, pro-curatorial and judicial organs and maintaining social order of authority were messed up.
I have to help me with the development of the Culture Revolution in the development of figuring out the university entrance exam stage, respectively before the culture revolution, during the culture revolution, and after the cultural revolution
2.1 PeriodⅠBefore the Culture Revolution
In 1949, recruit students of institutions of higher learning independently.
In the same area in 1950, joint enrollment in colleges and universities.
In 1951, admission for the administrative scope through national unity.
In 1952, the national unified admission.
2.2 Period ⅡDuring the Culture Revolution
“Cultural Revolution”started in 1966, the abolition of the university entrance exam, stop the recruitment of students colleges and universities.
And in 1971, colleges and universities gradually held pilot classes, restore the admissions. Recruit new junior high school graduation, but they must exercise after two years of labor. The abolition of the recruitment of students test, instead of voluntary application, the crowd is recommended, the leadership approval, school review. College students of resulting of workers, peasants and soldiers.
2.3 Period Ⅲ After the culture revolution
On June 29, 1977 to July 15, the first college admission symposium, in 1977 the university entrance exam admission ticket to discuss students attend the university entrance exam qualificati on.
And on August 13, 1977 to September 25, the second college admissions panel determined the method for the college entrance examination enrollment. Specific including:(1)the labor knowledge youth and high school graduates can sign up;(2) students who have
finished high school education can register, and they must pass the College Entrance Exam;(3) political censorship basically see students’performance, breaking only “ChengFenLun”;(4)choosing the best students through tests quality in intelligence, morality and body.
On October 12, 1977, the State Council noticed forwarded the ministry of education about 1977 institutions of higher learning’s opinions on the recruitment of students work, formal recovery system of unified exam for the enrollment of institutions of higher learning. According to statistics, the registrations in 5.7 million, admit number 270000 people, the acceptance rate of 4.7%.
On November 3, 1977, the Ministry of Education, Chinese academy of sciences jointly issued notice about 1977 recruit graduate students. Long-term interruption during the period of Cultural Revolution recruit postgraduate work began to recover from that time on. In 1949, the recruitment of students of institutions of higher learning independently.
Education department statistics showed that in 1978, when 5.7 million people attended the national college entrance examination, admitted to 270000 people, the enrollment for 27:1.
In 1983, the ministry of education officially put forward “the method of directional recruit students, directional distribution”. Provisions in the central departments or stand systems of some colleges and universities, according to certain proportion for rural or farms, pasture lands, mining, oil field directional recruit students of hard industry.
In 1985, the ministry of education regulation, can from the examine to enroll in a few countries taking part in the unified college entrance examination unplanned self-supported students. Always “turn-key”by the country's enrollment system, turned into a no charge state countries regulate the recruitment of students enrollment and charges coexist and the “double track”. In the same year, introducing
standardized tests from the United States, and in the first in Guangdong province has carried on experiments on the English, mathematics.
After 1985, the university entrance exam to reduce the overall trend of the reform of college entrance examination subject direction.First seven science, liberal arts, 6 door each reduced to 3 + 2, a total of 5 do or, Shanghai is 3 + 1 program. That same year, the state education commission decided to wait 43 institutions of higher learning in Beijing universities to recruit unripe pilot.
In August 1989, the state education commission decided to gradually standardized tests in the country. Recovery after the college entrance examination system in China, the first examination in 1996, Chinese higher education on a trial basis and axle enrollment, college tuition began to increase. Subsequent years, college tuition annual growth rate reached 30%, even 50%.In 2000, has been “turnkey”by the state of teachers’ professional charging also, enrollment system reform.
In 1997, the average college enrollment system reform.
3The Effects
As usual, any policy would influence many aspects, such as economy, political, and so on. For the Examination, it always not has been satisfied with all the people. So, it always had been and being required to reform. In fact, we know that English became a tested subject in the Exam ination was not a long time, however, English is still poses a important place in today’s Chinese educational system. Now, I will have a brief introduction about this English reform.
3.1 The Effect on Chinese Social Life
Although many experts are calling on to have a throughout reform on the Examination, but in fact, every time we took the reforms were just on the surface. But this time, especially in English, it totally changed the tradition “You life depend on a test”in a large extent. So, we can say Chinese educational system has a great change through this reform. It shows that Chinese society will give more opportunities to every student whatever in the city or countryside. Before this time, there had not any big change in English. Obviously, Chinese educational system did not look upon the position of English learning. But now, China are emphasizing the practice of English. In addition, the internationalized world are strengthening communication day by day. And as an international language, English still posses a remarkable status. In another words, to learn English well, maybe one day, we can make contribution to our motherland.
3.2 The Effect on Chinese Family
she let Nearly seventy percent of parents of English so “stick”, most parents think Beijing is an international city, English must be applied to in the future, so whether does not take an examination of, all want to learn it well. In the survey net friend “jun”said: “Beijing is an international metropolis, there is a great demand for foreign language. The Chinese want to go abroad, without language.”Told reporters a mother also said that even if the English in the college entrance examination fraction decreased, find a job in the future will be useful as well, and now big companies hire people to “bad English good, English is hard to find a job.”So she will continue to pay attention to English, let the son must learn it well. Another mother tells a reporter, if lower scores in English in the university entrance exam, schools must teach less, so her son to cram English outside. “We consider later sent him abroad to study, so the importance of English is irreplaceable.”
The Examination always is a huge issue for each family which has a student will attend the important Examination. So, any information about the Examination would influence the family’s life.Many parents are always caring the situation about the Examination, asking teachers, asking experts. But before the policies carried out, no one can say more about it. Here ,many scholars also expressed their opinions about this reform. Such as Yu Minhong(one of the founder of New Oriental )said that:“Future Examination English socialization, it is not changed,that is the supreme instructions. But how to manage in the future, and how the Examination fusion of the society has not yet solved, also need a lot of practice to do research.”(This is from an interview of New Cultural to Yu.) I can’t deny that all parents are caring children’s future. But ,sometimes, if children has more space, they maybe have a better life.
3.3 The Effect on Chinese Students
For many years, Chinese students are studying for the Examination, although the country are always emphasizing Quality-Oriented Education, but there is no a place applying it well. But, this reform give students more opportunities. There has no more liberal arts students or science students, but comprehensive students. They can choose their best subjects to attend the final exams by their own interests. And for many high school students, maybe English is a weakness , both for girls and boys. But now, they have second chance, which also indicates that English first to break through the tradition of “ You life depend on a test” Examination system, enables the students including whole high schools have many chance to refresh the College Entrance Examination English scores. Its purpose has two: One is to scatter learning pressure, pay more attention to the accumulation of English at ordinary times, and change their habit of making effort at the last moment; the second is to disperse psychological pressure, the student have the second chance to challenge themselves, start all over again. It is a such great improvement. Students will not worry English so much. They can choose their best condition to attend the Examination. In my eyes.
3.4 The Effect on Chinese Educational System
Previously, the ministry of education said that 2014 years w ill be a “overall plan”and on the college entrance examination admission exam reform, foreign language, high school level exam more than a year, the overall quality appraisal and examination recruitment irregularities, five supporting “implementation opinion”. Exam content and a breakthrough. First, adjust the course, regardless of liberal arts, enhance comprehensive
examination, to promote students comprehensive and balanced development. At the same time, foreign language exam is no longer in the nationwide examination, executes socialization exam, the students choose the test time and frequency, can be more than a year, will be best for the exam scores.
English practice socialization test, several times a year exam is the reform direction, the existing scoring system component object, the examine a points is a playground, unfair, nor scientific. Thus we have a lot of experts have advocated English level a points system, and the best score in the exam. Many times this is not equal to not take an exa mination of English college entrance examination, will not undermine the present English teaching, because the university admissions requirements for English level still have, just different levels, different types of colleges and universities might be.
Response: the ministry of education, ministry of education spokesman Xu Mei yesterday to respond. Xu Mei to SMW reporter said, the test enrollment system reform, especially the college entrance examination reform bears on immediate interests, thousands of students and the general public is very important, complicated and sensitive.At present, the ministry of education is on the basis of the in-depth investigation, busy study and establish and perfect examination enrollment system reform. Plan to fully consider the complexity of the college entrance examination reform, periodic and long-term, first pilot again, to actively yet prudently.
4Conclusion
The College Entrance Examination System Reform is suitable for public opinion, and to warm hearts and minds. We can’t deny its positive influence on many aspects because of the policy design of small defects and operating level of error. But we must sure that the College Entrance Examination Reform in English cannot go from one extreme to another extreme.
Of course, there have other aspects I did not notice or mention. But I believe China is improving, this reform just is a mark of new educational system, the increasing number of great improvements are around the corner.
Notes
1 the Culture Revolution:
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2 Jay Walker: English mania:/p-396312460.html
3 Oxford Advanced Learner’s English—Chinese Dictionary [Z], Oxford University Press
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