古典文学的翻译
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斯莱尔马赫说: “翻译只有两种方法，不是译者不 打扰读者，尽可能让读者靠拢作者，就是译者尽 量不打扰作者，让作者靠拢读者。”
美籍意大利翻译理论家文努蒂便是
在此基础上结合社会文化、政治、 意识形态、历史等因素，于 1995 年在《译者的隐身》(The Translator’s Invisibility)一书中将 归化和异化作为翻译术语提出。
Foreignization: If the translator’s preference is placed on preserving the language and cultural differences of the Source Text, we call this kind of approaches or its translation foreignizing or foreignization.
Translation strategies: domestication and foreignization
(adaptation and alienation)
Domestication: the method or practice of adapting the translation to the norms and values of the Target Language and culture is called domesticating or domestication.
பைடு நூலகம்
归 化
根据文努蒂的理论，《翻译研究词典》 将归化定义为：
在翻译中采用透明、流畅 （transparent, fluent style）的风格， 最大限度淡化原文陌生感 （strangeness）的翻译策略。
奈达是归化论的代表人物。他提出的 “最贴近的自然对等”理论把译文读 者置于首位。他认为译文读者从译文 中所获得的感受应该尽可能接近于原 文读者从原文中获得的感受。因此， 译者有责任帮译文读者将一些有可能 难于理解的信息“改头换面”，从而 使译文的阅读与理解轻松自如。
He promoted literal translation and foreignization at that time and tried to retain the foreignness of foreign works, in order to introduce new thoughts and ideas into China. Though sometimes his translation was difficult to read and understand.
随着文化日益成为翻译的重心, 归化异化孰 优孰劣的争论声也越来越大。
1997年英国出版的《翻译研究词典》(Dictionary of Translation Studies)认为归化和异化的说法直 接来源于德国早期思想家斯莱尔马赫 (Schleiermacher)1813年6月24日在柏林皇家科学 院所作的题为《论翻译的方法》(On Different Methods of Translation)的演讲.
古典文学的翻译
古典文学翻译中的归化与异化
翻译界直译(literal translation)与意译 (liberal translation)之争,可谓由来已久。
而归化(domesticating translation)与异化 (foreignizing translation)之争, 则是直译与 意译之争的延伸。
In the 1990s, the dialogues about domestication and foreignization had reached the climax in China’s translation arena.
Foreignization (foreignizing translation): A term used by Venuti (1995) to designate the type of translation in which a TT is produced which deliberately breaks target conventions by retaining something of the foreignness of the original (Shuttleworth & Cowie, 2004:59).
The disagreement between domestication and foreignization at home
At home , Lu Xun(鲁迅,1881-1936), the great modernist innovator in Chinese fiction and well-known proponent of foreignizing translation.
At home, the representative of the strategy of domestication in translation is Qian Zhongshu who puts forward the famous norm in evaluating translation, that is, hua jing, or perfection, in his Lin Shu’s Translation.
Domestication: A term used by Venuti (1995) to describe the translation strategy in which a transparent, fluent style is adopted in order to minimize the strangeness of the foreign text for TL readers (Shuttleworth & Cowie, 2004:43-44).
美籍意大利翻译理论家文努蒂便是
在此基础上结合社会文化、政治、 意识形态、历史等因素，于 1995 年在《译者的隐身》(The Translator’s Invisibility)一书中将 归化和异化作为翻译术语提出。
Foreignization: If the translator’s preference is placed on preserving the language and cultural differences of the Source Text, we call this kind of approaches or its translation foreignizing or foreignization.
Translation strategies: domestication and foreignization
(adaptation and alienation)
Domestication: the method or practice of adapting the translation to the norms and values of the Target Language and culture is called domesticating or domestication.
பைடு நூலகம்
归 化
根据文努蒂的理论，《翻译研究词典》 将归化定义为：
在翻译中采用透明、流畅 （transparent, fluent style）的风格， 最大限度淡化原文陌生感 （strangeness）的翻译策略。
奈达是归化论的代表人物。他提出的 “最贴近的自然对等”理论把译文读 者置于首位。他认为译文读者从译文 中所获得的感受应该尽可能接近于原 文读者从原文中获得的感受。因此， 译者有责任帮译文读者将一些有可能 难于理解的信息“改头换面”，从而 使译文的阅读与理解轻松自如。
He promoted literal translation and foreignization at that time and tried to retain the foreignness of foreign works, in order to introduce new thoughts and ideas into China. Though sometimes his translation was difficult to read and understand.
随着文化日益成为翻译的重心, 归化异化孰 优孰劣的争论声也越来越大。
1997年英国出版的《翻译研究词典》(Dictionary of Translation Studies)认为归化和异化的说法直 接来源于德国早期思想家斯莱尔马赫 (Schleiermacher)1813年6月24日在柏林皇家科学 院所作的题为《论翻译的方法》(On Different Methods of Translation)的演讲.
古典文学的翻译
古典文学翻译中的归化与异化
翻译界直译(literal translation)与意译 (liberal translation)之争,可谓由来已久。
而归化(domesticating translation)与异化 (foreignizing translation)之争, 则是直译与 意译之争的延伸。
In the 1990s, the dialogues about domestication and foreignization had reached the climax in China’s translation arena.
Foreignization (foreignizing translation): A term used by Venuti (1995) to designate the type of translation in which a TT is produced which deliberately breaks target conventions by retaining something of the foreignness of the original (Shuttleworth & Cowie, 2004:59).
The disagreement between domestication and foreignization at home
At home , Lu Xun(鲁迅,1881-1936), the great modernist innovator in Chinese fiction and well-known proponent of foreignizing translation.
At home, the representative of the strategy of domestication in translation is Qian Zhongshu who puts forward the famous norm in evaluating translation, that is, hua jing, or perfection, in his Lin Shu’s Translation.
Domestication: A term used by Venuti (1995) to describe the translation strategy in which a transparent, fluent style is adopted in order to minimize the strangeness of the foreign text for TL readers (Shuttleworth & Cowie, 2004:43-44).