中国进出口动物源性食品安全管理体系介绍.DOC

中国进出口动物源性食品安全管理体系介
绍.DOC
Official Safety Control on Chinese Products of Animal Origin for Export & Import
一、进出口食品安全法律、法规和标准体系Laws, Regulations and Standards on Import and Export Food Safety
（一）法律Laws
1、《中华人民共和国进出口商品检验法》Law of the People’s Republic of China on Import and Export Commodity Inspection
2、《中华人民共和国进出境动植物检疫法》Law of the People's Republic of China on the Entry and Exit Animal and Plant Quarantine
3、《中华人民共和国动物防疫法》Law of the People's Republic of China on Animal Disease Prevention
4、《中华人民共和国食品卫生法》Food Hygiene Law of the People's Republic of China
5、《中华人民共和国产品质量法》Product Quality Law of the People's Republic of China
（二）法规 Regulations
1、《中华人民共和国进出境动植物检疫法实施条例》Regulations for the Implementation of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Entry and Exit Animal and Plant Quarantine
2、《中华人民共和国进出口商品检验法实施条例》Regulations for the Implementation of the Law of the People's Republic of China on Import and Export Commodity Inspection
3、《中华人民共和国兽药管理条例》Administrative Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Veterinary Medicine
4、《中华人民共和国饲料管理条例》Administrative Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Feeding Fodder
5、《中华人民共和国农药管理条例》Administrative Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Pesticides
6、《中华人民共和国种畜禽管理条例》Administrative Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Breeding Stock and Poultry （三）部门规章Regulations of Ministry
1、动物卫生控制Animal Disease Control（1）《供港澳活禽检验检疫管理办法》（国家质检总局第26号局令）（2）《动物疫情报告管理办法》（1999年10月20日农业部发布）（3）《国家动物疫情测报体系管理规范（试行）》（4）《国家高致病性禽流感防治应急预案》（5）《关于印发《高致病性禽流感防治技术规范》等7个重大动物疫病防治技术规范的通知》(1)
Control Measures for report on animal epidemic situation (issued by Ministry of Agriculture on Oct20th,1999)
(2)
Control Measures for Inspection and Quarantine of Live Birds Supplied to Hong Kong and Macao (Order of AQSIQ No、26)
(3)
Specifications on State Animal Epidemic Situation of report and Forecast(4)
State Emergency Provision On Prevention and Cure of HPAI(5)
Notification regarding of issuing7 important epizootic control technical protocols including Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Control Technical Protocol ( MOA
[2002] No、74)
2、进出口肉类、水产品及蜂蜜生产加工卫生安全控制Hygiene and Safety control on Processing of Meat, Aquatic product and honey for export and import（1）《进出境肉类产品检验检疫管理办法》（国家质检总局2002年第26号令）（2）《出口肉禽饲养用药管理办法》（3）《出口禽肉及其制品检验检疫要求》（4）《进出境水产品检验检疫管理办法》(国家质检总局2002年31号令)（5）
《出口蜂蜜检验检疫管理办法》（国家质检总局第20号局令）（6）关于印发《出口鳗鱼产品检验检疫和监管要求（试行）》的通知(1)
Control Measures for Inspection and Quarantine of Meat for entry-exit (AQSIQ Announcement No、26,2002)(2)
Regulation on Drug Usage Control for Export Chicken(3)
Inspection and Quarantine requirements for Export Chicken and Chicken Products(4)
Inspection and Quarantine Administrative Measures for Entry and Exit Aquatic Products (AQSIQ Announcement No、31,2002)(5)
Inspection and Quarantine Administrative Measures on honey and honey Products for export (CIQ Announcement No、20)
3、出口食品企业注册管理Administration on Registration of Food Establishments for Export（1）《出口食品卫生注册登记管理规定》（国家质检总局2002年第20号令）（2）《出口食品生产企业危害分析与关键控制点（HACCP）管理体系认证管理规定》（2002年认监委第3号公告）（3）《出口食品生产企业申请国外卫生注册管理办法》（认监委2002第15号公告）（4）《出口鳗鱼养殖场登记管理办法》(1)
Administrative Regulation of Sanitary Registration for Food processing Establishment for Export (AQSIQ Announcement No、20)(2)
Regulation on Administration of HACCP Management System Certification (CNCA Announcement No、32002)(3)
Regulation for Administration of Domestic Manufacturers Regarding Food Export Registration in Foreign Countries (CNCA Announcement No、15,2002)(4)
Administrative Measures of registration on farm of eels for export 4、残留监控Residue Monitoring（1）《兽药管理条例实施细则》（2）《农药管理条例实施办法》（农业部令20号）（3）《水产品药物残留专项整治计划》（4）《残留分析质量控制指南》（5）《关于发布《动物性食品中兽药最高残留限量》的通知》(1)
Administrative Regulations on detailed rules for implementation of Veterinary drugs (2)
Administrative Regulations for implementation of Pesticide (MOA ORDER No、20)(2)
Special Renovation Plan on Drug residues of aquatic products(3) Quality Control Guideline for Analysis of Residues(4)
Notice on MRLs of veterinary drugs in the foods of animal
5、病原微生物控制Pathogen Control（1）《关于执行国家标准的通知》（2）《关于进一步加强对境肉鸡产品检验检疫管理的通知》（3）《关于进一步加强禽流感防疫检疫工作的紧急通知》（4）《关于进一步加强进境肉类检验检疫工作的通知》（5）《进出境肉类产品检验检疫管理办法》(1)
Circular Letter on the Implementation of National Standards of Fresh, Frozen Poultry Products(2)
Circular Letter on Further Strengthening Quality Controls of Exported Chicken Products(3)
Emergency Circular on Further Strengthening AI Prevention and Identification (4)
Circular Letter on Further Strengthening Quality Controls of the Import of Meat Products(5)
Management of Quality Inspection, Supervision and Quarantine of the Import and Export of Meat Products
6、出口食品加工储运卫生控制 Sanitary Control in Processing and Storage of Foods for Export（1）《出口食品生产企业卫生注册登记管理规定》（2）《肉类屠宰加工企业卫生注册规范》等规范（4）《食品生产加工企业质量安全监督管理办法》第52号局令(1)
Administrative Regulation of Sanitary Registration for Food processing Establishment for Export (2)
Sanitation Criteria for Slaughtering and Processing Enterprises of meat Products, and ect、(3)
Administrative measure of supervision on quality and safety of food Processing Enterprises
（四）技术标准
1、国际标准( International Standards)（1）《动物卫生法典(OIE)》（2）《哺乳动物、禽、蜜蜂A和B类疾病诊断试验和疫苗标准手册》（3）《国际水生动物法典(OIE)》（4）《国际水生动物疾病诊断手册》（5）《国际植物保护组织（IPPC）有关标准》（6）《食品法典委员会（CAC）有关标准》(1)
Terrestrial Animal Health Code(2)
Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals(3) Aquatic Animal Health Code(4)
Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals(5)
International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures(6)
Relative standards of Codex Alimentarius Commission
2、国内标准（部分GB与SN标准）Domestic standards (Some GB and SN)（1）GB2707-1994 猪肉卫生标准（2）GB2710-1996 鲜(冻)禽肉卫生标准（3）SN/T 041895 出口冻肉用鸡检验规程（5）SN/T 038495 Rule for inspection of frozen rabbit meat for export(4)
SN/T 041995 Rule of the inspection of frozen prawn for export 二、组织管理体系（Management System）
（一）组织机构Organization根据我国有关法律法规和届全国人大一次会议批准通过的新一届政府机构，我国涉及动物健康与保护、植物保护以及食品安全的官方机构主要有三个,即国家质量监督检验检疫总局、农业部和卫生部。

According to relevant Chinese laws and regulations, currently there are three governmental bodies involved in animal health, animal and plant protection and food safetywhat needs to be controlled（1）有害生物：病原微生物，虫（体内、外寄生虫，昆虫），害（有害物质、杂草等）；Harmful existences: pathogenic microbes, pests (celozoic and ectozoic parasites, insects), weeds and other harmful substances、（2）残留（农药与兽药残留，重金属，生物与化学毒素，有毒物质，超标的微量元素）；Residues: pesticides
and veterinary drug residues, heavy metal, chemical toxins, toxic substances, trace elements, etc、（3）新源性食品（转基因食品，促生长类添加物，保健食品，特殊营养物质等）。

Novel Foods: GMOs, growth promoters, health-care products, special nutrients, etc、
2、食品安全管理的范围（Scope of Food Safety Control）食品安全管理的范围包括生产、加工、仓储、运输、进出口销售等环节和内容Scope—the whole supply chain including Production, Processing, Storage, Transportation, and Distribution（1）生产 Production（2）加工 Processing（3）仓储 Storage （4）运输 Transportation（5）销售或进出口 Distribution or Import & Export Ⅲ、兽医卫生防疫体系 (Measures on Bio-security of Veterinary) （一）农业部对动物疫病的卫生控制
1、Control of Animal Diseases by MOA农业部门通过对国内流通领域的动物疫病的预防、动物和动物产品的检疫、疫病的控制和扑灭、动物防疫监督以及运输控制等环节实现对动物疾病的卫生控制。

对外来动物疫病与应报告的动物疫病，严格按照OIE的规定要求，进行控制。

MOA and its related departments at local levels exert control over domestic animal diseases through measures on disease prevention, quarantine, control and eradication, supervision of animal disease prevention and transportation administration、 All disease no matter it’s foreign or local, it should be reported and controlled in strict accordance with OIE regulations and requirements、
（二）检验检疫部门对出口供宰动物的卫生控制Sanitary Control on Animals for slaughtering by Supervision and Quarantine Authorities
1、对饲养场的疫病控制与检疫监管Disease Control and Quarantine Supervision on Farms国家质检总局规定：所有出口禽肉加工企业必须建立“五
统一（即统一屠宰，统一供雏，统一供料，统一供药，统一防疫）”的管理体系，所屠宰的商品肉鸡必须来自经检验检疫机构备案的商品鸡场。

AQSIQ requires that all processing plants producing poultry meat for export should establish ‘five-unification’ management system, i、e、, unification of chick supply, unification of feed supply, unification of drug supply, unification of vaccination, and unification of slaughtering; that all chicken for slaughtering must be from farms that have been put on file by supervision and quarantine authorities、出口禽肉加工企业的兽医人员与兽医实验室接受当地兽医防疫机构与检验检疫机构的监督检查与管理。

当地兽医防疫机构与检验检疫机构对出口禽肉企业肉禽的饲养、防疫、用药、免疫与疫病控制以及屠宰进行检疫检验与监督管理。

Plant veterinarians and laboratories are subject to the control of local veterinary authorities and CIQs, who also supervise and regulate feeding, disease-prevention, drug-application, immunization and disease control, and slaughtering in plants、
2、宰前与宰后检疫
3、2、2 Ante- and Post-mortem Quarantine国家质检总局2002年10月颁布实施的《进出境肉类检验检疫管理办法》规定：各检验检疫机构要做好屠宰家禽的宰前与宰后兽医检疫监管。

Regulation for Entry-exit Meat Inspection and Quarantine, issued in October2002 by AQSIQ, prescribes that CIQ at all levels should perform ante-mortem and post-mortem quarantine supervision on poultries、3、动物疫病监测与检测
3、2、3 Detection and Monitoring of Animal Diseases各检验检疫机构对所有供屠宰家禽进行禽流感和新城疫的检疫和监测。

对所屠宰的家禽在出栏前3-5天采取喉腔与泄殖腔棉拭子样品, 每个饲养群不少于30个样品，按照荧光RT-PCR方法或参照国际兽医局(OIE)规定的方法,检测禽流感和新城疫病毒，
并进行毒力鉴定。

Competent quarantine and supervision authorities carry out ante-mortem detection and monitoring of AI and ND on poultries、 To identify AI or ND virus or its toxicity, swabs should be taken from the or pharynx or cloacae of poultries3-5 days prior to the date of slaughtering、 No less than30 s。