英语文体学教程Unit 3
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Ref. 《英国英语与美国英语》侯维瑞主编
3.2 Dialects
3.2.3 Regional dialect
Different speech patterns in different places Accent English— British Eng. American Eng. Differences: phonology, graphology, voc., grammar
Reflecting
the personal relationships between speaker/writer and hearer/reader What the user is trying to do with language for/to his/her addressee(s)
3.3 Registers
Fishman: who speaks what language to whom and when 3.3.1 Field of discourse
Reflecting the purposive role of language user Technical vs non-technical
Unit 3 Varieties of Language
Dialects Registers
3.1 Two kinds of varieties
Dialectal varieties—dialects
Associated with different users Permanent features in individual, temporal, regional, social and百度文库standard aspects
3.2 Dialects
3.2.2 Temporal dialect
Varieties correlating with various periods of the development of language English: Old Eng.(450~1100)— Anglo-Saxon; Beowulf Middle Eng.(1100~1500)— The Canterbury Tales Modern Eng. (1500~now)— W. Shakespeare; Samuel Johnson
3.5 The social meaning of language varieties
To convey many other kinds of information besides the message being communicated by analyzing the stylistic features of a text in terms of dialects and registers.
Homework:
Read the text carefully and check your understanding by answering the questions after the unit. Preview Unit 4 Linguistic description.
3.2 Dialects
3.2.4 Social dialect
A variety with certain social group 4 varieties: Socioeconomic status —social class/rank Ethnic varieties —Black Eng.: phonological, verb, there is, multiple negative constructions 3. Gender varieties —male/female 4. Age varieties —old men/young men 1. 2.
3.4 The mutual dependence between register and dialect
A language user can speak in many registers. A dialect has relatively permanent features. A language user may learn the language habits of another dialect for certain uses. The selection of one dialect in different situations is related to language use.
3.2 Dialects
3.2.5 Standard dialect
Range of intelligibility— standard / non-standard Standard dialect: based on the language of educated native speakers which enables speakers of the language to communicate intelligibly with each other Occasions to use: taught in schools and to nonnative speakers; news; dictionaries and grammars
Spoken: false starts, interruptions, repetitions, grunts, shrieks, er Written: none of the above, punctuation…
3.3 Registers
3.3.3 Tenor of discourse
Diatypic varieties—registers
Associated with different language use Depending on different types of occasions Three dimensions: field, mode, and tenor of discourse
Field is related to mode. Mode is related to personal and functional tenors. Configuration of the 3 contextual features
Features of registers: phonological, lexical, grammatical Registers: distinctive varieties of language used in different types of situation
3.2 Dialects
3.2.1 Individual dialect—Idiolect
One’s own features of speech/writing habits Voice quality Pitch & stress patterns Lexical items Grammatical structures ---- xx’s language/style
Non-technical: non-specialist fields, casual Technical: specialist fields, restricted, formal—voc., gr.
3.3 Registers
3.3.2 Mode of discourse
Reflecting the relationship that the language user has to the medium of communication Speaking vs writing Features of spoken and written language
Personal tenor—degrees of formality Functional tenor—intention of the user in using the language
3.3 Registers
3.3.4 The notion of register
Interrelation among field, mode and tenors of discourse
3.2 Dialects
3.2.3 Regional dialect
Different speech patterns in different places Accent English— British Eng. American Eng. Differences: phonology, graphology, voc., grammar
Reflecting
the personal relationships between speaker/writer and hearer/reader What the user is trying to do with language for/to his/her addressee(s)
3.3 Registers
Fishman: who speaks what language to whom and when 3.3.1 Field of discourse
Reflecting the purposive role of language user Technical vs non-technical
Unit 3 Varieties of Language
Dialects Registers
3.1 Two kinds of varieties
Dialectal varieties—dialects
Associated with different users Permanent features in individual, temporal, regional, social and百度文库standard aspects
3.2 Dialects
3.2.2 Temporal dialect
Varieties correlating with various periods of the development of language English: Old Eng.(450~1100)— Anglo-Saxon; Beowulf Middle Eng.(1100~1500)— The Canterbury Tales Modern Eng. (1500~now)— W. Shakespeare; Samuel Johnson
3.5 The social meaning of language varieties
To convey many other kinds of information besides the message being communicated by analyzing the stylistic features of a text in terms of dialects and registers.
Homework:
Read the text carefully and check your understanding by answering the questions after the unit. Preview Unit 4 Linguistic description.
3.2 Dialects
3.2.4 Social dialect
A variety with certain social group 4 varieties: Socioeconomic status —social class/rank Ethnic varieties —Black Eng.: phonological, verb, there is, multiple negative constructions 3. Gender varieties —male/female 4. Age varieties —old men/young men 1. 2.
3.4 The mutual dependence between register and dialect
A language user can speak in many registers. A dialect has relatively permanent features. A language user may learn the language habits of another dialect for certain uses. The selection of one dialect in different situations is related to language use.
3.2 Dialects
3.2.5 Standard dialect
Range of intelligibility— standard / non-standard Standard dialect: based on the language of educated native speakers which enables speakers of the language to communicate intelligibly with each other Occasions to use: taught in schools and to nonnative speakers; news; dictionaries and grammars
Spoken: false starts, interruptions, repetitions, grunts, shrieks, er Written: none of the above, punctuation…
3.3 Registers
3.3.3 Tenor of discourse
Diatypic varieties—registers
Associated with different language use Depending on different types of occasions Three dimensions: field, mode, and tenor of discourse
Field is related to mode. Mode is related to personal and functional tenors. Configuration of the 3 contextual features
Features of registers: phonological, lexical, grammatical Registers: distinctive varieties of language used in different types of situation
3.2 Dialects
3.2.1 Individual dialect—Idiolect
One’s own features of speech/writing habits Voice quality Pitch & stress patterns Lexical items Grammatical structures ---- xx’s language/style
Non-technical: non-specialist fields, casual Technical: specialist fields, restricted, formal—voc., gr.
3.3 Registers
3.3.2 Mode of discourse
Reflecting the relationship that the language user has to the medium of communication Speaking vs writing Features of spoken and written language
Personal tenor—degrees of formality Functional tenor—intention of the user in using the language
3.3 Registers
3.3.4 The notion of register
Interrelation among field, mode and tenors of discourse