5.系动词助动词情态动词

系动词、助动词、情态动词

一、情态动词

(could):能够、可能、可以；may(might):可以、可能；must:必须； shall:将会；should:应该；will:将会，愿意；would:将会

2.半情态动词(后接动原，但否定和疑问句要借助do)：have to不得不，had better最好，used to过去常常

3.情态动词无三单(have to除外)；不能单独使用，后接动词原形共同构成谓语

4. need既可做实义动词又可做情态动词(作实义动词，后接to do/doing,否定don’t need to do do/doing;作情态动词，后接动词原形，否定needn’t do)

5.表推测：must be一定是（语气最肯定），can be可能是，may be也许是（语气最不肯定）；can’t be 一定不是（语气最肯定,must be的否定形式）

也许(副词,常用在句首)；may be也许是(谓语动词，用在句中)

与need开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t/don’t have to(不必).

开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用may/can,否定回答用can’t/mustn’t.

二、系动词

1.系动词后可接形容词。

2.表示状态的系动词be(am, is, are, was, were,been),keep ,stay,表示感觉的半系动词feel (摸起来，感觉), look (看起来), smell (闻起来), sound (听起来),taste(尝起来）;

三、助动词

1.助动词本身无词义或意义不完整，必须和实义动词共同构成谓语。

2.常用的助动词：be(am, is, are, was, were,been,being)用于进行时态或被动语态；do(does,did)用于一般现在时或一般过去时的否定句和疑问句；have(has,had)用于完成时态；will,shall,would,should用于将来时态，shall/should只能用于第一人称。

情态动词与系动词练习题

一、基础题

's Mr Lee I have something unusual to tell him. -You________ find him. He________ Japan.

A. may not; has gone to

B. may not; has been to

C. can't; has gone to

D. can't; has been to

drawing a horse in ten minutes. OK-Sorry. It________ in such a short time.

A. may do

B. can't be done

C. must do

D. needn't be done

have my own room in my house, so I________do what I want in it.

A. must

B. have to

C. need to

D. can

mend my car I______not start it.

A. Would; would

B. Must; must

C. Can; can

D. May; may

ride when she was three years old

A. Can

B. Could

C. Need

D. May

6. The boy________answer this kind of hard questions one year ago.

A. can

B. may

C. could

is the man over there Is it Mr Li-No, it________be him. Mr Li is much taller.

A. mustn't

B. may not

C. can't

D. needn't

8. -Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. Who________it be Is it Wei Fang

-No. It________be her. She is at school now.

A. will; may not

B. must; mustn't

C. may; can't

D. may; won't

9. -Is Mr Hu in the reading room-No, he________be there. He has gone to Tianjin.

A. mustn't

B. needn't

C. won't

D. can't

10. ________you pass me a pen I'd like to write down the telephone number.

A. Need

B. Could

C. Must

D. Should

二、提高题

I go to the cinema, Mum-Certainly. But you________be back by 11 o'clock.

A. can

B. may

C. must

D. need

is such a terrible , it is. We________be more careful.

A. can

B. may

C. must

D. need

3. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish________into the river.

A. needn't be thrown

B. mustn't be thrown

C. can't throw

D. may not throw

4. These books________out of the reading room. You have to read them here.

A. can't take

B. must be taken

C. can take

D. mustn't be taken

5. Cars, buses and bikes________stop when traffic lights change to red.

A. can

B. may

C. must

D. need

6. -Can you go swimming with us this afternoon

-Sorry, I can't. I________take care of my little sister at home because my mother is ill.

A. can

B. may

C. would

D. have to

7. -Must I finish the work before five o'clock-No, you________.

A. needn't

B. mustn't

C. have to

8. -________I come back before five o'clock

-No, you________. But you________be back later than seven o'clock.

A. Need; must; mustn't

B. May; mustn't; can't

C. Can; can't; can't

D. Must; needn't; can't

9. -Must I clean the room right now-No, you________. You________clean it after lunch.

A. needn't; can

B. needn't; may

C. mustn't; can

D. mustn't; may

's parents have bought a large house with a swimming pool. It ____be very expensive.

A. must

B. can

C. mustn't

D. can't

11. This book________Lucy's. Look! Her name is on the book cover.

A. must be

B. may be

C. can't be

D. mustn't be

have your name, please-Yes, Michael. M-I-C-H-A-E-L.

A. Must

B. Will

C. May

D. Need

13. -May I go to the cinema, dad-No, you________. You must finish your homework first.

A. mustn't

B. won't

C. don't

D. needn't

14. -May I smoke here-________, you________. It can be dangerous.

A. Yes; can

B. No; can't

C. Yes; may

D. No, needn't

15. You________go and ask Meimei. She________know the answer.

A. must; can

B. must; may

C. need; can

D. can; may

16. Look out! The knife is very sharp. You________cut your finger.

A. need

B. must

C. should

D. may

三、巩固

teacher __do every exercise, but a pupil___.

A needn’t ;must

B may not; must

C needn’t ;needn’t

D can’t ;must

___to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.

A needn’t to come

B don’t need come

C don’t need coming

D needn’t come

3. -Could I look at your pictures-Yes, of course you________.

A. could

B. can

C. will

D. might

______ some time to rest because he feels thirsty and hungry.

_______ a car, the bike is good for me.

't need buy 't need to buy 't to buy 't buying