高考高频词汇必背及训练系列

2018高考高频词汇必背及训练系列10

1.effect n．效果，作用；影响

have an effect on对……有影响(have a/an＋adj.＋effect on...)

have some/little/no effect on对……有些/一点/没有影响

in effect实际上，事实上；有效

take effect见效，开始起作用；(法律或规章)生效，开始实行

come into effect实行，实施，生效

be of no effect无效

cause and effect因果

注意：虽然表达“对……有影响”用have an effect on，但表示“有很大/小影响”用have much/little effect on，而不用many/few。

The medicine had a good effect on me.

那种药对我有良好的功效。

The advertising campaign didn't have much effect on sales.

这些广告攻势对销售额没起到多大作用。

The medicine quickly took effect.

这种药很快就见效了。

affect/effect/influence辨析

(1)affect仅作动词，可以用于以下三种情况：

①对某人或某物产生不良的影响，通常以被影响的人或物作为宾语。作“影响”讲时，是及物动词，相当于短语have an effect on。

Hot weather affects his health.

炎热的天气影响着他的健康。

②作“使改动，使变化”之意讲时，属中性词，没有好坏之分。

He wasn't affected by the news.

他听了这消息后无动于衷。

③感动。

His speech affected the audience deeply.

他的演讲深深地打动了观众。

(2)effect通常指使某人或某物得以改进和变化，强调造成一种特殊的后果。作名词时指affect的结果。

This medicine has no effect on his headache.

这种药对他的头疼不起作用。

(3)influence指通过劝说、行为或事例等对另一方的行为、性格、观点产生潜移默化的或持久的影响，尤其在感情和态度上的影响。有动词和名词两种词性。

What we read influences our thinking.

我们阅读的书籍会对我们的思想产生影响。

完成句子

(1)We should learn to distinguish between__________(因果)．

(2)The new law________________________(生效)from tomorrow.

(3)________(实际上)，the two systems are the same.

单项填空

(4)Recently tourism has a great________on the wildlife in my hometown ，which causes complaints.

A ．effort

B ．effect

C ．affect

D ．reflect

2.disappoint vt.使失望

The film disappointed him.影片使他失望。

(1)有些及物动词的现在分词和过去分词均可用作形容词，现在分词意为“令人……的”，一般用来指物；过去分词意为“某人感到……的”，一般用来指人。但指人的“表情”“ 嗓音”等时用过去分词。此类形容词有：

The disappointing news made us disappointed.

这个令人失望的消息使我们很失望。

I was moved by the moving scene.

我被这令人感动的一幕打动了。

(2)⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ be disappointed to do...失望做……be disappointed that...失望的是……to one's disappointment ＝to the disappointment of sb 使某人失望的是……

I'm disappointed that I failed the exam.

我失望的是我考试没及格。

用disappoint 的适当形式填空

(1)From his father's________look ，we know the________boy made his father________.

(2)The long speech given by that old professor seemed________and endless.

（3）—The film is ，I have to say ，not a bit interesting.

—Why? It's________than the films I have ever seen.

A ．far more interesting

B ．much less interesting

C ．no more interesting

D ．any less interesting

3.perform

(1)vt.& vi.演出，表演

The play was first performed in 1987.

这部剧于1987年首次上演。

(2)vt.做，履行，执行

The surgeon has performed the operation.

外科医生已做完了手术。

(3)vi.工作，运转(好/不好)

The engine seems to be performing well.

发动机似乎运转正常。

perform an experiment/operation 做实验/施行手术

perform a play 上演一部剧本

perform a role in(＝play a role in...)在……中起作用

perform well/badly(poorly)/satisfactorily 表现得好/坏/令人满意