英语专业四级写作方法

• 那么第一段的主题句可以设置为： • 1、 In my opinion, there are two reasons to volunteer: feel good about yourself while helping others; build your portfolio.
• 第二段的分论据的主题句可设置为： • 2、On one hand, volunteering makes you feel good about yourself on a purely selfish level. • 3、On the other hand, from a professional standpoint, volunteer is a great way to add to your portfolio.
写作步骤
一、审题 二、确定主题句 三、段落组织 四、修改
审题
• 审题材和体裁 • 议论文要有论点和论据 • 要审题目： 1.审文章的中心论点或中心主题 2.审试卷提示，即试卷上的提示性话语。
专四写作要采取三段式
• 如2008年专四作文题目 The Benefits of Volunteering You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is. In the second part, support your opinion with appropriate details. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
英语专业四级写作方法和技巧
英语专业四级考纲对写作题的测试要求
(1)要求根据所出的题目和列出的写作提纲或图表、数字统计 表等(也附有写作提纲)写一篇200词左右的短文。 • 做到内容切题、完整、条理清楚，文章结构严谨，语法正 确，语言通顺恰当。 • 考试时间35分钟。 (2)写便条： 要求根据提示写大约50--60词的通知、便条、请贴等。 • 要求格式正确，语言得体。 • 考试时间10分钟。 测试目的： 按照教学大纲的要求测试学生在基础阶段末期用英语书面 表达思想的能力。
• 第二段：阐述问题，具体地阐述你赞成或反对网 络交友的理由。 • 每个论据的论证由三部分组成： 主题句+扩展句+ 结论句。 • 主题句要有高度的扩展性。 • 扩展句是对主题句进一步阐述或说明的句子，可 以运用举例说明、比较对比法、因果法、类比法、 分类法等展开说明，两到三句即可。 • 结论句是对段落进行总结的句子，可以采用重申 主题、提出解决问题的方案或呼吁号召等方式。 • 段落之间要有层次逻辑之外，段落内部，也要层 次分明。表示层层递进的时候，我们要使用一些 诸如“第一、第二、第三”“首先、其次、最 后”“更重要的是……最重要的是……”之类的 表达，使得文章条理清晰。
• Is It Wise to Make Friends Online? Making friends online has increasing grown in popularity in the last years and now and then we hear some appalling stories of disasters as a result of it. As far as I am concerned, it is wise / not wise to make friends online as there are potential dangers to it.
• • • •
You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is. In the second part, support your opinion with one or two reasons. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.
• Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
• 第一段：开点明现象，引出问题，描述当今网上交友的普 遍性。提出自己的观点，赞成网络交友还是反对网络交友。 建议句式：It is an undeniable fact that…；It is widely/ generally/ universally held/ believed that…等。
• First of all, Some people's dependence on online relationship can build up a risk of having potential psychological problems. （主题句）People can be easily attracted to online life and those who are lonely, depressed or not satisfied with their real lives can easily develop an addiction to the "perfect” online life , as they can make up life stories. Too much addiction can gradually affect one's abilities and functions in the real world. （扩展句）Gradually the addicts become isolated from others and unconcern with people or events around them（结论句）. In addition, cyber relationships have the magical power of destroying the intimate relationships between family members and friendships . Teenagers of the generation of Instant Messaging are also too keen to their online friends to care about their relation ships with their parents.
• 结尾段：再次强调你的观点和你赞成或反对网络交友的意 义。 1.承接上文，再次提及你赞成或反对网络交友的原因。 2.提出限制或赞成网络的意义 3.提出一种号召性的语言——用only by doing sth. can sb. do…做结尾，用在文章结尾表示一种号召。 • In conclusion, though people are finding it entertaining to make friends online ,it dose harm in several ways .Too much trust and dependence on cyber life can cause net addiction that may lead to several psychological disorders or physical problems . Moreover, relationships in real life have been affected by online relationship(反对网络交友的原因). Extreme cases indicate the most dreadful consequences caused by cyber criminals（反对网络交友的意义）. As making friends online still spreading its attractions, people need to be aware of these dangers and take proper actions to protect themselves and their life（号召）.
举例：2007年专业四级写作 Is It Wise to Make
Friends Online
• Nowadays the Internet has become part of people’s life , and million of young people have made friends online. • Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a composition of about 200 words on the following topic: • Is It Wise to Make Friends Online
• 最后结尾段的主题句： • 4、So it is time for you to participate in more volunteer work to help others as well as help yourselves.
组织段落
• 段落的组织主要是通过扩展句对主题句的 支持或说明来进行的。 • 常见的段落展开方法有列举、举例、比较 和对比、因果、叙述、归类、下定义等。
英语专业四级写作的评分标准
• 作文的评分标准 (1)文章内容切题、丰富，文章通顺， 表达清楚。 (2)行文流畅。 (3)组织严密，逻辑性强。 (4)句型多样化，句法结构正确。 (5)用词得体、恰当、丰富。 (6)语法正确。 (7)拼写及标点正确，书写整洁。
写作时间安排（建议）
• 作文的写作时间：35分钟
• 建议同学们在下笔之前，先在草稿纸上列好写作 提纲，即你的论点，你准备分哪几点来论证你的 论点，以及你的结论等等，确定提纲中的关键词 及各要点间的逻辑，整理自己的思路，对自己所 想到的内容进行组织和全面安排。 • 对要讨论的问题，该涉及的内容，所需的事实、 例证、阐述、说明和总结等，在头脑中形成一个 整体的构思。写作提纲的确立有助于你明确写作 思路，完善写作逻辑。
举例： 2008年的作文题目：the benefits of volunteering
• You are to write in three parts. • In the first part, state specifical来自百度文库y what your opinion is. In the second part, support your opinion with appropriate details. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. • Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
确定主题句
• 主题句：文章全文、或每个段落的总结观点。 1.能保证作文不跑题，使作文看起来立意清晰，观点明确。 2. 主题句能帮助你制定写作思路。 （全文主题句、分论据的主题句） 我们提倡专业四级作文中，每段、以及各个分论据都应该 要有一个主题句，使得段落分明，观点清晰，逻辑清楚。 • 态度要鲜明（建议选择相对容易的立场） • 文章主题句更适宜放在第一段，根据专业四级英文写作的 特点，要在第一段中即要立场鲜明地提出自己的观点。
• • • • 审题： 1～2分钟; 组织素材, 细节和关键词: 4～5分钟; 起草: 20～25分钟; 修改定稿: 4～5分钟。 要做到想的时候不写，写的时候不想。
卷面设置
• 作文的排版应该不多于2/3，不少于1/3，要 留有余地，不要将卷面写得密密麻麻。 • 字体不要过大或过小。字迹要工整。 • 基本框架为三段论。 • 每段开头都应该有缩进，留有两个单词的 位置。