被动语态学案

被动语态学案

【Learning aims】（学习目标）

1.Knowledge and skills (知识与技能)

（1）To learn the passive voice and use it to work out the problem.

（2）To find out and use passive voice freely.

2.Process and method (过程与方法):

Observing, concluding and practicing.（观察，总结，练习）

【Learning content】（学习内容）Page87-88, Book A

【Learning procedures】（学习过程）

【学习过程】

引入：语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。

※概念：如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。

如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语用主动语态。例如：

We clean the room every day. 我们每天打扫房间。

如果主语是动作的承受者，或者说是动作的对象，谓语要用被动语态。例如：The room is cleaned every day.

※基本结构：主语+be+动词过去分词+（by sb.）

否定形式：主语+be not+动词过去分词+（by sb.）

※各时态下的被动语态构成有所变化，如下：

一般现在时am/is/are+动词过去分词( Vpp ) Fish are caught by fisherman. 一般将来时will be +Vpp The little boy will be allowed to go to school next year. 一般过去时was\were +Vpp The picture was hung on the wall two days ago. 现在完成时have\has+been+Vpp Bread has been eaten up. 情态动词can+be+Vpp Apples can be used to made apple pies.

注意：有一些动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态，如fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch, agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, , happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to, become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn等等。

翻译小技巧：翻译被动语态两步走：1. 动词译为be done 2. 改为适当时态

Task 1：你还记得下列词的过去式与过去分词吗？请写出来！

become________ ______ begin________ ______ break________ ______

build________ ______ buy________ ______ cost_______ _______ drive________ ______ find________ ______ feel_______ _______ forget________ ______ give________ ______ hang_______ _______ hear________ ______ hold________ ______ leave_______ _______

lie________ ______ mean________ ______ pay________ _______ Task 2：请用正确动词形式填空。

1. 他每年的生日都开心地庆祝。

His birthday ____________(celebrate) happily every year.

2. 这只小狗昨天被他救了。The puppy _____________ (save) by him yesterday.

3. 房前一幢大楼正在施工中。A building ____________ (build) in front of the house.

4. 这批货物一周内将会售罄。The goods _______________(sell) out in a week.

5. 所有的菜都已经被吃光了。All the dishes _______________________(eat up)

Task 3：将下列句子改为被动语态。

方法指导：

1. 被动句中的时态与主动句中的一致。

2. 被动句中的be务必要与被动句中的主语保持人称和数的一致。

3. 如果要在被动句中讲出动作的执行者（即主动句中的主语），则要加上by，如果在by后面的是代词要用宾格（如me, him, her, us, them等）。

1. Father gave me a toy at Christmas.

I _______ _______ a toy at Christmas (by my father).

2. They should do it at once.

It _______ _______ _______ at once (by them).

3. They named the child Tom.

The child ________ ________ Tom.

4. Everybody likes her.

She _______ _______ by everybody.

5. I clean my room everyday.

My room _______ _______ by me everyday.

6. The dog hates the cat.

__________________________________________________________

7. The postman delivers the letters.

__________________________________________________________

8. James broke the chair.

__________________________________________________________

9.The Japanese eat sushi(寿司).

__________________________________________________________

Task 5: 1、根据中文意思完成句子。

1）白天不能看到星星。

The stars ________ ________ ________ in the daytime.

2）上星期很多马路都被大雪覆盖着。

Many roads ________ ________ by heavy snow last week.

3）广州每年都种很多树吗？

_______ many trees _________ in Guangzhou every year?