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1. It is difficult to the point ofimpossibility for the average reader under theage of forty to imagine a time when high- quality arts criticism could be found in most big-citynewspapers. (2010 T1 P2)

对于平均年龄40岁以下的读者而言, 他们很难想象在大多数大城市的主流报纸上可以读到高质量的艺术评论的那一年代。

2. To read such books today is tomarvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general- circulation dailies. (2010 T1 P2)

今天我们阅读这样的书籍,会惊讶于这样的一个事实:这些学术性文艺评论曾经被认为适合刊登在面向大众发行的日报上。

3. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers wouldwrite in detail and at length about the events they covered. (2010 T1 P3)

在那些远去的日子里,主流报刊的评论家们详尽地评论所报道的事件,认为是理所当然的。

4. Curbs on business-method claimswould be a dramaticabout-face,because it was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its1998 decision in the so- called State Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of poolingmutual-fund assets. (2010 T2 P3)

对于商业方法专利授予的限制将会出现巨大的转变,因为正是联邦巡回法院在1998年被称为“州街银行案”的决议中引入了这类专利,其中的共有资产投资的管理方法被授予了专利。

5. The Federal Circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard byall 12 of the court’s judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and thatone issue it wants to evaluate iswhether it should “reconsider”its State Street Bank ruling. (2010 T2 P4)

联邦巡回法院发布了一项不寻常的法令,即这个案件将由法院全部的12名法官共同听审, 而不是典型的三人听审团。法令还宣布法院希望评估是否要“重新考虑”州街银行案的裁决。

6. In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that “social epidemics”are driven in large part by the actions of a tinyminority of special individuals, often called influentials,

who are unusually-informed, persuasive, or well connected. (2010 T3 P1)

Malcolm Gladwell在他的《引爆点》一书中指出,“社会流行潮”主要是由一少部分特殊个体的行为引领的,这些人通常被称为有影响力的人,他们博闻强识, 有说服力,并且有很好的人脉。

7. For a social epidemic to occur,however, each person so affected must then influence his or her ownacquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs,and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people haslittle to do with the initial influential. (2010T3 P4)

但是对于社会流行潮的形成来说,每一个受影响的人必须接着去影响他们的熟人,这些人还要继续影响他们的熟人,如此循环下去; 然而处于中间层级的人能得到被影响者的多少关注往往与最初的有影响力的人没多大关系。

8. The details may be unknowable, butthe independence of standard-setters, essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised. (2010 T4 P2)

细节也许不得而知,但是对于资本市场正常运转至关重要的准则制定者的独立性正在面临妥协(被弱化)。

9. And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of bankswhich will not sell assets for fear of booking losses, yet are reluctant to buyall those supposed bargains. (2010 T4 P5)

而且, 不流动的市场(交易量萎靡)一定程度上反映了银行系统的瘫痪。银行因为害怕(报告)其账面损失而不愿出售(有毒)资产, 同时也不愿收购那些(别人持有的)所谓的廉价资产。

10. The decision of the New YorkPhilharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert asits next musicdirector has been the talk of the classical-music world ever sincethe sudden announcementof his appointment in 2009. (2011 T1 P1)

纽约爱乐乐团决定聘请Alan Gilbert 作为其下一任指挥,这一决定自2009年突然宣布以来就一直是古典音乐界热议的话题。

11. For the time, attention, and moneyof the art- loving public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, butalso with the recorded performances ofthe great classical musicians of the 20th century. (2011 T1 P4)

出于对于艺术爱好者的时间、精力和金钱角度的考量,古典音乐演奏家们不仅要和歌剧院、舞蹈团、剧团和博物馆竞争,而且还得与那些20世纪伟大的古典音乐大师的作品唱片进行竞争。