学生-英译汉翻译练习

句子、段落翻译练习
英译汉部分
I. Sentence Translation
(1) Improve or correct the following translation:
Poor translation due to inaccurate comprehension:
1. This will go a long way towards overcoming the difficulty.
原译：在克服困难上要走很远的路。

改译：
2. Go it while you are young.
原译：去吧，当你年轻的时候。

改译：
3. I could do with more leisure time.
原译：有更多的空闲时间我就能做了。

改译：
4. This failure was the making of him.
原译：这次失败是他造成的。

改译：
5. I wish peace could be saved at the eleventh hour.
原译：我希望第十一点钟和平可以得救。

改译
6. She knew a thing or two about it.
原译：她对此事略知一二。

改译：
(2) Poor translation due to inappropriate representation:
1.This is a 100-hour reliable engine.
原译：这是一台100小时可靠的发动机。

改译：
2. The OED is the final court of appeal in all matters concerning English words.
原译：牛津英语词典是有关英语单词一切问题的最后申诉法院。

改译：
3. Linda is a good singer and a good dancer, a great actress and a great joker.
原译：琳达是一位好歌手、好舞蹈家、一位伟大的演员和伟大的开玩笑家。

改译：
4. Somehow our path took us to the park.
原译：不知怎么搞的，我们的路把我们带到公园了。

改译：
5. How’s the world treating you?
原译：世界如何对待你？
改译：
6. The little chap’s good-natured honest face won his way for him. (Vanity Fair)
原译：这小伙子的老实、脾气又好的脸蛋为他开辟了一条路。

改译：
II. Article usages
The extensive use of English articles poses a big problem for us learners: What article to use? Where to use it? and Where not to use it? Etc. All these involve their usages or meanings. Translate the following pair sentences where there is one with an article and one without an article.
1.She was with a child.
She was with child.
2.They are students of our school.
They are the students of our school.
3.I have lived here for more than a year.
I have lived here for more than one year.
4.Please take a seat.
He took the chair today.
He took the chair of the committee.
5. She had to keep house.
She had to keep the house.
6.He has eaten most apples.
He has eaten the most apples.
III. Translate the following pair sentences and compare them：
1.He is too glad to say anything.
He is only glad to do so.
2.My mother has gray hairs.
My mother has gray hair.
3.No one appeared from anywhere.
They appeared from nowhere.
4.Cloth is made from cotton.
Cloth is made of cotton.
5.We agreed on the terms of the contract.
We agreed to the terms of the contract.
6.He escaped prison.
He escaped from prison.
7.He is home.
He is at home.
8.John is easy to please.
John is eager to please.
9.I will blame you rather than he.
I will blame you rather than him.
IV. Paragraph Translation
1.Pollution
1) Pollution is a problem because man, in an increasingly populated and industrialized world, is upsetting the environment in which he lives. 2) Many scientists maintain that one of man’s greatest errors has been to equate growth with
advancement. 3) Now “growth” industries are being looked on with suspicion in case their side effects damage the environment and disrupt the relationship of different forms of life. 4) The growing population makes increasing demands on the world’s fixed supply of air, water and land. 5) This rise in population is accompanied by the desire of more and more people for a better standard of living. 6) Thus still greater demands for electricity, water and goods result in an ever increasing amount of waste material to be disposed of. 7) The problem has been causing increasing concern to living things and their environment. 8) Many believe that man is not solving these problems quickly enough and that his selfish pursuit of possessions takes him past the point of no return before he fully appreciates the damage.
2．Intelligent Test
1) There is more agreement on the kinds of behavior referred to by the term “intelligence” than there is on how to interpret or classify them（还原性增补）. （分译法）2) But it is generally agreed （改为主动句）that a person of high intelligence is one who can grasp ideas readily, make distinctions, reason logically, and make use of verbal and mathematical symbols in solving problems（调整语序）. 3) An intelligence test is a rough measure （转译成动词）of a child’s capacity for learning, particularly for learning the kinds of things required in school. 4) It （还原性增补）does not measure character, social adjustment, physical endurance, manual skills, or artistic abilities. 5) It is not supposed—it was（语言结构增补）not designed for such purposes. 6) To criticize it（还原性增补）for such failure is roughly comparable to criticizing a thermometer for not measuring wind velocity. 7) Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects （确定词义）provides a “valid” or “fair” comparison（分译法）.
3. Problem with Educational System
1) There are 39 universities and colleges offering degree courses in Geography, but I have never seen any good jobs for Geography graduates advertised. 2) Or am I alone in suspecting that they will return to teach Geography to another set of students, who in turn will teach more Geography undergraduates? 3) Only ten universities currently offer degree courses in Aeronautical Engineering, which perhaps is just as well,in view of the speed with which the aircraft industry has been dispensing with excess personnel. 4) On the other hand, hospital casualty departments throughout the country are having to close down because of the lack of doctors. 5) The reason? University medical schools can only find places for half of those who apply. 6) It seems to me that time is ripe for the Department of Employment and the Department of Education to get together with the universities and produce a revised educational system that will make a more economic use of the wealth of talent, application and industry currently being wasted on diplomas and degrees that no one wants to know about.
[注释]
dispense with v. 裁减人员
the Department of Employment 就业部
the Department of Education 教育部
4. Key to Success in Business
1) Every successful business is built on superior senses—of timing, opportunity, responsibility, and, not infrequently, humor. 2) None, however, is more critical than the ability to sense the market. 3) A senior executive’s instinctive capacity to empathize with and gain insights from customers is the single most important skill he or she can use to direct technologies, product and service offerings, indeed, all elements of a company’s strategic posture. 4) People like Bill Gates brought this ability to the enterprises they founded. 5) Without it, their ventures might have been short-lived or at least far less successful. 6) But many top-level mangers, particularly those at industrial companies, consider customer contact the bailiwick of sales and marketing staff. 7) And even if they do believe that market focus is a priority, most retain only limited contact with consumers as their organizations grow, relying instead on subordinates’ reports—second-or-third-hand information—to define and sense the market for them.
[注释]
Bill Gates 比尔·盖茨，美国微软公司董事长
bailiwick 工作，事
5. TIME’s Person of the Year
The “Great Man” theory of history is usually attributed to the Scottish philosopher Thomas Carlyle, who wrote that “the history of the world is but the biography of great men.” He believed that it is the few, the powerful and the famous who shape our collective destiny as a species. That theory took a serious beating this year.
The tool that makes this possible is the World Wide Web. It is a tool for brining together the small contributions of millions of people and making them matter. Silicon Valley consultants call it Web 2.0, as if it were a new version of some old software. But it’s really a revolution.（注意代词的复指）
And we are so ready for tit. You can learn more about how Americans live just by looking at the backgrounds of YouTube videos than you could from 1 000 hours network television.（注意比较句的翻译）
……
Who are these people? Seriously, who actually sits down after a long day at work and says, I’m not going to watch Lost tonight. I’m going to turn on my computer and make a movie starring my pet iguana? I’m going to blog about my state of mind or the state of the nation or the steak-fries at the new bistro down the street? Who has that time and that energy and that passion?
The answer is, you do. And for seizing the reins of the global media, for founding and framing the new digital democracy, for working for nothing and beating the pros at their own game, TIME’s Person of the Year for 2006 is you.（注意逗号、介词的翻译）。