高考重点派生词

高考重点派生词

形容词加ness变名词

dark--darkness, happy--happiness, sad-sadness, ill-illness,

good--goodness, careful--carefulness, careless--carelessness, tired-ti redness,

lonely--loneliness, great-greatness, kind-kindness, ease--easin ess

busy--business, fit--fitness, friendly--friendliness

动词加ment变名词

develop--development, move--movement, improve--improvement, achieve--ac hievement, arrange--arrangement,

manage--management, assign--assignment, agree--agreement, enjoy--enjoyme nt, govern--government,

judge--judgement/judgment, pay--payment, appoint--appointment, establish--establishment, equip--equipment

名词变成形容词:

1.名词后加-y, 如:

luck→lucky; cloud→cloudy; w ind→windy; rain→rainy;

sun→sunny; snow→snowy; noise-noisy; health→healthy

2.在名词后加-ly, 如:

friend→friendly; love→lovely; day→daily; brother→brotherly; mother→motherly

3.方位名词加-ern，如:

east→eastern; west→western; south→southern; north→northern

形容词后缀

(1)带有“属性，倾向，相关”的含义

1)-able, -ible: movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, responsible

2)-al: natural, additional, educational

3)-an: urban, suburban, republican

4)-ant, -ent: distant, important, excellent

5)-ar: similar, popular, regular

6)-ary: military, voluntary

7)-ic, ical: politic, systematic, historic, physical,

8)-ing: moving, touching, daring

9)-ish: foolish, bookish, selfish

10)-ive: active, impressive, decisive

11)-ory: satisfactory, compulsory

(2) 表示“相象，类似”的含义

1)-ish: boyish, childish

2)-like: manlike, childlike

3)-ly: manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly

4)-some: troublesome, handsome

5)-y: milky, pasty

(3) 表示“充分的”含义

1)-ful: beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful

2)-ous: dangerous, generous, courageous, various

3)-ent: violent,

(4) 表示由某种物质形成，制成或生产的含义

1)-en: wooden, golden, woolen

2)-fic: scientific

(5) 表示方向的含义

1)-ern: eastern, western

2)-ward: downward, forward

(6) 表示“数量关系”的含义

1)-teen: thirteen, fourteen

2)-ty: fifty, forty

3)-th: fourth, fifth, ninth, fiftieth

(7) 表示国籍，语种，宗教的含义

1)-an: Roman, European

2)-ese: Chinese,

3)-ish: English, Spanish

(8) 表示“比较程度”的含义

1)-er: greater

2)-ish: reddish, yellowish

3)-est: highest

4)-most: foremost, topmost

(9)其他的含义

-less表示否定: careless, countless, stainless, wireless

形容词变副词的一般规则

形容词变副词通常是加ly,其变化有规律可循,请记住以下口诀：

一般直接加，“元e”去e加，“辅y”改i加，“le”结尾e改y。

分别举例如下：quick-quickly; true-truly; happy-happily; possible-possibly