(英语)高中英语被动语态常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)
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考点:考查句式用法
3.More than one worker ______ dismissed.
A.have been B.are
C.has been D.has
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查主谓一致和语态。句意:不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由"many a,more than one+单数名词"构成,尽管从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词仍用单数形式,故排除A和B,“工人”和“解雇”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,故选C。
1.主语+be +adj. +to do。
能用于此句型的形容词有: difficult, easy, comfortable, fit, hard, pleasant, tiresome(使人疲劳的), interesting, nice, heavy, dangerous, light, important, etc.注意:当上述形容词在句中作宾语补足语,后接不定式时,不定式也用主动形式表达被动含义。
This kind of cloth washes well and lasts long.
Thepenmyfathergavemeasabirthdaygiftwritessmoothly.
Written in simple English, this article reads easily.
5)某些不及物动词,如happen, occur, cost以及短语,如come out(出版), come up(出现), come into being(产生)come to one’s mind(想起), turn out(证明是), come about(发生), break out(爆发), belong to(属于)等,本身表被动含义,所以它们常用主动形式。
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查语态时态。句意:因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗,于是我想去买这种布。第一空中使用现在完成时表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响,且I与tell是被动关系,所以使用现在完成时的被动形式。第二空中动词wash与副词well连用,用主动形式表示被动含义。故B项正确。
【点睛】
小题2中考查了主动表示被动的用法,涉及“主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词使用主动表示被动的用法。具体用法如下:
10.-Mike, did you see Mr. Chapman in the office just now?
-Yes, he ________, and he looked a little bit nervous.
A.had interviewed B.was interviewed
C.was being interviewed D.is being interviewing
The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 18th century.
Suddenly an idea came to his mind. It never occurred to me twenku.baidu.com phone you.
6.Many subway stations, including the one near our school, ________ at present for a better transport in the city.
A.are constructing B.are being constructed C.is constructing D.is being constructed
A.is heldB.has been held
C.will be heldD.had been held
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:考查句式用法。This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句,这是第一(二,三…)次…。一般来说,This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句,这个句式中that从句使用现在完成时,但是这个句子中,so far距今为止,表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动,还没有举办,要用将来时。故选C。
2.主语+be +adj. + enough +to do。
3.主语+be +too +adj. +to do。
4.不定式短语作后置定语时,如果主语是不定式动词短语的逻辑主语。则采用不定式的主动形式表被动概念。
I have a meeting to attend today.
5.There be句型中,用来修饰主语的不定式多用主动。
A.trappedB.have been trapped
C.had trappedD.had been trapped
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态和被动语态。句意:所有被困在岛上的游客都得救了,这真是太棒了。由were saved可知此事发生在过去,且被困应在被救之前,应用过去完成时;同时,visitors和trap构成被动关系,应使用过去完成时的被动语态。故D选项正确。
6.在“疑问代词+不定式”结构中。
7.let, to blame, to seek等用不定主动形式表示被动含义。
8. with+O.+to do结构中,不定式作宾补时,常用主动表被动,且表将要发生的动作。
分析句子可知,sb be easy to do sth主动形式表达被动含义,符合第一点用法。所以用pick out。故B选项正确
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查过去分词和动词短语。句意:因为她穿着红色的裙子,所以在机场的人群中很容易被认出来。be dressed in穿着……,作状语表状态,故用dressed。sb be easy to do sth主动形式表达被动意思,所以用pick out。故B选项正确。
【点睛】
主动形式表被动意义的不定式
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:军官命令那天经过的人都被搜查。command后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气,(should)+动词原形,此处everyone和search之间是被动关系,故答案为C。
8.It's great that all the visitors whoon the island were saved.
The book sells well.这种书很畅销。
These clothes wash well.这些衣服很耐洗。
4)用在“主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词,
例如: This material has worn thin.这料子已磨薄了。
The dust has blown into the house.灰尘被风吹进了房子。
4.I want to buy that kind of cloth because I ______ the cloth ______ well.
A.have told;washesB.have been told;washes
C.was told;washedD.have been told;is washed
例1. The students are cleaning the classroom now. →The classroom is being cleaned now.
现在学生们正在打扫教室。(are cleaning变为is being cleaned)
例2. The boy is counting some sheep. →Some sheep are being counted.
(英语)高中英语被动语态常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)
一、单项选择被动语态
1.Various efforts ________ in the past decades to protect the environment.
A.had made B.have made
C.were made D.have been made
那男孩正在数羊。(is counting变为are being counted)
7.The officer commanded that everyone passing by ______ that day.
A.searchB.would be searched
C.be searchedD.must be searched
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:——迈克,你刚才看到Mr. Chapman在办公室吗?——是的,他正在接受采访,他看起来有点紧张。表示刚才正在进行的动作用过去进行时,句中he和动词interview是被动关系,所以此处用过去进行时的被动,故选C。
1)系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(吃起来), sound (听起来), prove(证明是), feel(摸上去感到)等,例如:
Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由听起来很合理。
Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.良药苦口。
5.You can’t move in right now. The house _____ now.
A.has painted B.is painted
C.is being painted D.is painting
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查语态。句意:你现在不能搬进来,房子正在被粉刷。根据句意可知,此处应使用现在进行时的被动语态。故C选项正确。
This shop opens much earlier than it used to. Each stone weighs 2 tons.
3)一些与well(很), easily(容易地), perfectly(十分地)等连用的动词,如: sell, wash, clean, burn, cook, wash, write, last, read, wear等。这种“动词+副词”结构,常表示事物内部特有的属性。例如:
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意:许多地铁站,包括我们学校附近的地铁站,目前正在建设中,以便有更便利的交通。此处表示动作正在进行,句中主语Many subway stations和动词construct是被动关系,所以此处用现在进行时的被动,与主语一致,故选B.
【点睛】
现在进行时的被动结构:be + being+过去分词
9.in a red dress, she was easy toin the big crowd at the airport.
A.Being dressed; pick outB.Dressed; pick out
C.Dressed; be picked outD.Having dressed; pick out
2)一些与can't(不能)或won't(不会)连用的动词。常用的有: lock(锁住), shut(关上) , open(打开,营业), close(关门), cut(切割), weigh(重), act(上演),例如:
The door won't open.这门打不开。It can't move.它不能动。
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:在过去的几十年里,为保护环境做出了各种努力。根据in the past decades可知句子用现在完成时态,efforts是句子主语,复数形式,和谓语动词make之间是被动关系,所以此处用现在完成时态的被动语态,故答案为D。
2.It is the third time so far that such a festival ________ in my hometown.
A number of Dongfeng trucks are being shipped abroad.一批东风卡车正被运往国外。
1)“be being done”中的动词be应随主语作相应的变化。
2)将现在进行时的主动语态变为现在进行时的被动语态的关键是:把be doing变为be being done.
3.More than one worker ______ dismissed.
A.have been B.are
C.has been D.has
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查主谓一致和语态。句意:不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由"many a,more than one+单数名词"构成,尽管从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词仍用单数形式,故排除A和B,“工人”和“解雇”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,故选C。
1.主语+be +adj. +to do。
能用于此句型的形容词有: difficult, easy, comfortable, fit, hard, pleasant, tiresome(使人疲劳的), interesting, nice, heavy, dangerous, light, important, etc.注意:当上述形容词在句中作宾语补足语,后接不定式时,不定式也用主动形式表达被动含义。
This kind of cloth washes well and lasts long.
Thepenmyfathergavemeasabirthdaygiftwritessmoothly.
Written in simple English, this article reads easily.
5)某些不及物动词,如happen, occur, cost以及短语,如come out(出版), come up(出现), come into being(产生)come to one’s mind(想起), turn out(证明是), come about(发生), break out(爆发), belong to(属于)等,本身表被动含义,所以它们常用主动形式。
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查语态时态。句意:因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗,于是我想去买这种布。第一空中使用现在完成时表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响,且I与tell是被动关系,所以使用现在完成时的被动形式。第二空中动词wash与副词well连用,用主动形式表示被动含义。故B项正确。
【点睛】
小题2中考查了主动表示被动的用法,涉及“主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词使用主动表示被动的用法。具体用法如下:
10.-Mike, did you see Mr. Chapman in the office just now?
-Yes, he ________, and he looked a little bit nervous.
A.had interviewed B.was interviewed
C.was being interviewed D.is being interviewing
The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 18th century.
Suddenly an idea came to his mind. It never occurred to me twenku.baidu.com phone you.
6.Many subway stations, including the one near our school, ________ at present for a better transport in the city.
A.are constructing B.are being constructed C.is constructing D.is being constructed
A.is heldB.has been held
C.will be heldD.had been held
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:考查句式用法。This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句,这是第一(二,三…)次…。一般来说,This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句,这个句式中that从句使用现在完成时,但是这个句子中,so far距今为止,表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动,还没有举办,要用将来时。故选C。
2.主语+be +adj. + enough +to do。
3.主语+be +too +adj. +to do。
4.不定式短语作后置定语时,如果主语是不定式动词短语的逻辑主语。则采用不定式的主动形式表被动概念。
I have a meeting to attend today.
5.There be句型中,用来修饰主语的不定式多用主动。
A.trappedB.have been trapped
C.had trappedD.had been trapped
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态和被动语态。句意:所有被困在岛上的游客都得救了,这真是太棒了。由were saved可知此事发生在过去,且被困应在被救之前,应用过去完成时;同时,visitors和trap构成被动关系,应使用过去完成时的被动语态。故D选项正确。
6.在“疑问代词+不定式”结构中。
7.let, to blame, to seek等用不定主动形式表示被动含义。
8. with+O.+to do结构中,不定式作宾补时,常用主动表被动,且表将要发生的动作。
分析句子可知,sb be easy to do sth主动形式表达被动含义,符合第一点用法。所以用pick out。故B选项正确
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查过去分词和动词短语。句意:因为她穿着红色的裙子,所以在机场的人群中很容易被认出来。be dressed in穿着……,作状语表状态,故用dressed。sb be easy to do sth主动形式表达被动意思,所以用pick out。故B选项正确。
【点睛】
主动形式表被动意义的不定式
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:军官命令那天经过的人都被搜查。command后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气,(should)+动词原形,此处everyone和search之间是被动关系,故答案为C。
8.It's great that all the visitors whoon the island were saved.
The book sells well.这种书很畅销。
These clothes wash well.这些衣服很耐洗。
4)用在“主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词,
例如: This material has worn thin.这料子已磨薄了。
The dust has blown into the house.灰尘被风吹进了房子。
4.I want to buy that kind of cloth because I ______ the cloth ______ well.
A.have told;washesB.have been told;washes
C.was told;washedD.have been told;is washed
例1. The students are cleaning the classroom now. →The classroom is being cleaned now.
现在学生们正在打扫教室。(are cleaning变为is being cleaned)
例2. The boy is counting some sheep. →Some sheep are being counted.
(英语)高中英语被动语态常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)
一、单项选择被动语态
1.Various efforts ________ in the past decades to protect the environment.
A.had made B.have made
C.were made D.have been made
那男孩正在数羊。(is counting变为are being counted)
7.The officer commanded that everyone passing by ______ that day.
A.searchB.would be searched
C.be searchedD.must be searched
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:——迈克,你刚才看到Mr. Chapman在办公室吗?——是的,他正在接受采访,他看起来有点紧张。表示刚才正在进行的动作用过去进行时,句中he和动词interview是被动关系,所以此处用过去进行时的被动,故选C。
1)系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(吃起来), sound (听起来), prove(证明是), feel(摸上去感到)等,例如:
Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由听起来很合理。
Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.良药苦口。
5.You can’t move in right now. The house _____ now.
A.has painted B.is painted
C.is being painted D.is painting
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查语态。句意:你现在不能搬进来,房子正在被粉刷。根据句意可知,此处应使用现在进行时的被动语态。故C选项正确。
This shop opens much earlier than it used to. Each stone weighs 2 tons.
3)一些与well(很), easily(容易地), perfectly(十分地)等连用的动词,如: sell, wash, clean, burn, cook, wash, write, last, read, wear等。这种“动词+副词”结构,常表示事物内部特有的属性。例如:
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意:许多地铁站,包括我们学校附近的地铁站,目前正在建设中,以便有更便利的交通。此处表示动作正在进行,句中主语Many subway stations和动词construct是被动关系,所以此处用现在进行时的被动,与主语一致,故选B.
【点睛】
现在进行时的被动结构:be + being+过去分词
9.in a red dress, she was easy toin the big crowd at the airport.
A.Being dressed; pick outB.Dressed; pick out
C.Dressed; be picked outD.Having dressed; pick out
2)一些与can't(不能)或won't(不会)连用的动词。常用的有: lock(锁住), shut(关上) , open(打开,营业), close(关门), cut(切割), weigh(重), act(上演),例如:
The door won't open.这门打不开。It can't move.它不能动。
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:在过去的几十年里,为保护环境做出了各种努力。根据in the past decades可知句子用现在完成时态,efforts是句子主语,复数形式,和谓语动词make之间是被动关系,所以此处用现在完成时态的被动语态,故答案为D。
2.It is the third time so far that such a festival ________ in my hometown.
A number of Dongfeng trucks are being shipped abroad.一批东风卡车正被运往国外。
1)“be being done”中的动词be应随主语作相应的变化。
2)将现在进行时的主动语态变为现在进行时的被动语态的关键是:把be doing变为be being done.