高中英语新高考-英语作文：英语写作中抽象名词的运用

高中英语新高考-英语作文：英语写作中抽象名词的运用命题人说，好作文在于好句子。这给我一个疑惑：作文到底是重形式还是重内容。昨天和汪少华教授闲聊，他说肯定要重内容，但这不是形式和内容之争，因为形式也是内容。你要把一个句子写好，必然要丰富很多内容，形式展开的过程也是内容的充实过程。

这个逻辑很不错，下面我就命题人提到的作文好句子的五个标准最后一个：关注抽象名词来谈谈。

说起抽象名词，下面请看一个例子：

请翻译：

如果我们看电视太多，这会会影响学习。

正常是：

If we watch too much TV, it will affect our study.

进阶一下：

If we are exposed to too much TV, it will affect our study.

再进阶：

Being exposed to too much TV will affect our study.

以上似乎已经够了，其实不然：

Heavy exposure to TV will affect our study.

这个句子就很耐看了。记住：英语是重名词的语言，尤其是抽象名词。因为英语重视物质的属性，这是希腊文化的传统。

为了让大家更好理解，下面我总结了一下，但我要强调的是：写作到了考虑抽象名词的层次，那平时作文应该从不少于18分了，否则要慎用！

【例句】

1. Heavy exposure to TV will affect one’s study.看电视太多会影响学习。

2. Advertising campaigns have, however, promoted a growing realization of the advantages of these small plastic cards.然而广告公司大做广告，让越来越多的人相信这种小塑料卡的好处.

3. Reluctance to retire was associated with anticipated deprivations, mainly of money rather than of attachment to work.

人们不愿退休与他们预想中将要失去很多东西有关，其中主要是失去赚钱的机会，而不是丧失对工作的依恋之情。

4. A five-day week has found an immediate welcome and much popularity ever since.

五天工作制立即受到了人们的待遇欢迎和拥护。

【规律】不同位置的抽象名词运用规律

主语位置：

the absence of, the abundance of, the acceptance of, the analysis of, the anticipation of, the arrival of, the invention of, the awareness of, his concern of, the criticism of, the demand, his eagerness, the examination of, his explanation of, the exploration of, his praise of, the failure of, the growth of, the investigation of, the increase of, the knowledge of, his obsession with, the pursuit of, his reaction to, a search of, her selection of, the support of, his willingness to

宾语位置：

cause the loss of, encourage the participation, escape criticism, acknowledge the failure/the truth, anticipate the progress, demand the permission, question the validity, accelerate the growth of, applaud the decision, experience the change, undergo the examination, safeguard the freedom of, prove his innocence/ignorance, recognize the seriousness of, lack flexibility, realize the importance of, question the wisdom of, have an understanding/appreciation of, give thought to, gain

an insight into, earn the respect/reputation of, show indifference/willingness

介词位置：

with reluctance/enthusiasm

in spite of/despite indifference/resistance/advance

under consideration/discussion/the leadership of

beyond belief/hope

because of the ignorance/confusion of/failure of

due to/owing to the failure/demand for/shortage of/lack of

摘选若干个常用抽象名词的句式（共47个）：

……

2. Awake/wake: awaken sb. (wake up) to the importance/need/menace

The experience acquired and the lesson learned in this line can awaken us students to the necessity of handling problems on a human basis.

在这方面得到的经验和汲取的教训能使我们学生意识到处理人际关系问题的重要性。