苏州大学中国地方文化试卷-1

苏州大学中国地方文化英语导读课程试卷（ 1 ）卷共 4 页

考试形式闭卷年月

院系年级专业

学号姓名成绩

Achievement Test

For Highlights of Chinese Civilization and Local Culture Course

Paper Type: 1 Directions:

1. The test lasts one and a half hours. You are required to finish your test on time. To keep

the test site quiet, we kindly require that you not hand in your test paper ahead of time.

2. Please do NOT bring into the test room any material irrelevant to the test, such as

textbooks, revision materials, electronic dictionaries, communication equipment, etc.

3. Please provide all necessary personal information on the Answer Sheet. ATTENTION:

Please write on the Answer Sheet all the answers and the TYPE of your test paper.

4. When your test time is over, please leave the test room quietly to guarantee an ideal test

environment for others.

5. We thank you very much for not taking out of the room any test material.

Part I. Reading Comprehension (10%)

Directions:Read the following passage carefully and then answer each question at the end of the passage. Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.

Throughout most of China’s long history, the relationships between people in all classes were based on carefully prescribed forms of behavior that covered virtually every aspect of conduct — so much so and to such a degree that learning and following proper etiquette was one of the major facets of life. The higher one was on the social ladder, the more meticulous （谨小慎微）and demanding were the rules of etiquette.

The Chinese word for etiquette, Li, which originally meant, “to sacrifice,” refers to the fact that following legally sanctioned etiquette required extraordinary sacrifices, not to mention detailed knowledge of hundreds of correct forms of behavior. Training in this highly prescribed way of living was so thorough, so pervasive, that people were judged first, last, and sometimes always on how closely they followed these rules of behavior. Etiquette came to be equated not only with learning in general, but also with culture and morality.

The Chinese eventually came to believe that their behavior was the only correct etiquette in the universe. The rules of etiquette in China today are no longer enforced by harsh feudal sanctions（奖惩条款）and they have been considerably relaxed, but they remain very important.

There are still formalities that are rooted in the behavior of the Chinese.

In Chinese etiquette, there are prescribed manners for everyone at mealtimes, when in the presence of superiors, and when greeting and seeing guests off. One always accompanies guests to the entrance or to the upper floor elevators if they are leaving your office building.

The host normally pushes the elevator button, then waits until his guests are in the elevator and the door closes before returning to his office.

When offering an object such as a gift of a drink to someone, as well as when receiving something from someone, it is polite to use both hands. It is Chinese etiquette to say no when offered a drink, a meal, a gift, or a favor. It is up to the host to politely persist, without being crude or rude.

At hosted meals, it is the responsibility of the host — not waiters or servants — to see that the guests’ drinking glasses are refille d. It is also mandatory in Chinese etiquette for the host to accompany each guest to the door when a meal or party ends. Ranking guests are normally accompanied all the way to their automobiles, and the host waits until they drive away before going back inside.

1. Who should be responsible to serve the ranking guests at hosted meals according to Chinese etiquette? The host himself.

2. What do you know about the rules of Li in China in the feudal times from this passage?

Carefully prescribed forms/rules of behavior/etiquette covered virtually every aspect of conduct and were enforced by legal but harsh sanctions.

1. The host himself.

2. Carefully prescribed forms/rules of behavior/etiquette covered virtually every aspect of

conduct and were enforced by legal but harsh sanctions.

Part II. Translation from Chinese into English (20%)

Directions: Put the following Chinese into English and then write your translation on the Answer Sheet.

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道教Taoism