高考真题阅读和完形填空中的长难句和熟词新义解析

2017高考阅读长难句

【选文】2017年高考英语全国II卷阅读理解B篇

例1

The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV.

翻译：

例2

We shared the belief that if you're fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back - he with his Newman's Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival.

翻译：

【选文】2017年高考英语全国II卷阅读理解C篇

例3

Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration’s decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft, which are lower than those for pilots of larger planes.

翻译：

例4

Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition, a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet.

翻译：

解析

2017年高考英语真题全国II卷阅读理解B篇背景：

2017年高考英语全国II卷阅读理解B篇，是Robert Redford 纪念友人Paul Newman 的文章。二人都是美国电影巨星。

多年前的成就此处不多提，大家可以自行百度哦。

距离我们比较近的是：

2014年，Robert Redford 参演漫威电影《美国队长2》，他在影片中饰演神盾局高官。2017年7月18日，威尼斯电影节公布了本届金狮奖终身成就奖的获得者，罗伯特·雷德福和简·方达共同获得第74届威尼斯国际电影节终身成就奖。

2017高考英语长难句-例1

The friendship that ① grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that ② although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV.

【参考译文】

我们俩的友谊是由一起拍摄这部电影以及四年后再度合作的The Sting那部影片培养起来的。这友谊根源在于，尽管我们之间存在年龄差距，但是我们都是来自于传统的影剧院和直播电视。

【结构分析】

句子主干：The friendship had its root in the fact.

三个从句：

that ①引导的定语从句，修饰先行词friendship, friendship 在从句中作主语；that ②引导的从句作fact 的同位语，其中包含一个although 引导的让步状语从句。

【词汇积累】

have its root in 根源在于......

e.g:

The high crime rate has its roots in unemployment and poverty.

高犯罪率的根源在于失业和贫穷。

【翻译提示】

理清句中的三个从句，找出句子主干，全句就一目了然了。

2017高考英语长难句-例2

We shared the belief that if you're fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back - he with his Newman's Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival.

【参考译文】

我们都认为：如果你有幸成功，那么你应该对社会有所回馈。他创立了他的Newman's Own 食品公司和为重病孩子成立了Hole in the Wall camps，而我设立了圣丹斯电影学院和圣丹斯电影节。

【结构分析】

句子主干：We shared the belief.

两个从句：

that 从句作同位语，解释说明belief；

同位语从句中包含一个if 引导的条件状语从句。

一个标点：

破折号解释说明前一句的内容（put something back 回馈社会）

破折号后的句子中含一个who 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词kids，who 指代kids 在从句中作主语。

【语块积累】

We shared the belief that ...

我们有着共同的信念：......

我们都认为......

e.g:

We shared the belief that parents should allow their children to fully develop their talents by themselves.

我们都认为父母应该允许孩子们自己去全面发展自己的天分。

【翻译提示】

We shared the belief that ...的理解是难点之一。英语和汉语之间一个很重要的差异就是汉语喜欢用动词，英语喜欢用名词，特别是大量、广泛地使用抽象名词。准确理解抽象名词的含义是英汉思维的节点之一。

破折号后面的内容有可能对某些学生造成理解障碍。破折号后是讲述了作者二人所作出的一些社会贡献。

2017高考英语长难句-例3

Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration’s decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft, which are lower than those for pilots of larger planes.

【参考译文】

Mann 说，美国联邦航空管理局五年前决定要创立一套适用于轻型运动机的独立标准，这套标准低于适用于大型飞机飞行员的那些标准，这一决定对Terrafugia 公司非常有益。

【选文】

2017年高考英语真题全国II卷阅读理解C篇，介绍飞行汽车的科普文。

【结构分析】

句子主干：Mann said ....

两个从句：

绿色字体是一个宾语从句，关联词that 省略了；

宾语从句中含一个由which 引导的非限制性定语从句，which 指代先行词standards 在从句中作主语。

一个非谓语：

不定式短语to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft 作后置定语修饰decision。

【翻译提示】

稍长的介词短语、非谓语动词短语及各种从句都是影响句子理解的干扰成分。对于这些捣乱成分我们在理解时可以把他们拆分成短句降低难度。

2017高考英语长难句-例4

Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition, a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet.