英美文学术语(英文版)_literary_terms

英国文学

Alliteration:押头韵repetition of the initial sounds（不一定是首字母）

Allegory:寓言a story with two meanings, a literal meaning and a symbolic meaning.

Allusion:典故a reference in a literary work to person, place etc. often to well-known characters or events. Archetype:原型

Irony:反讽intended meaning is the opposite of what is stated

Black humor:黑色幽默

Metaphor: 暗喻

Ballad: 民谣about the folk loge

Epic:史诗in poetry, refers to a long work dealing with the actions of gods and heroes.

Romance: 罗曼史/骑士文学is a popular literary form in the medieval England./Chivalry

Euphuism: 夸饰文体This kind of style consists of two distinct elements. The first is abundant use of balanced sentences, alliterations and other artificial prosodic means. The second element is the use of odd similes and comparisons.

Spenserian stanza: It refers to a stanza of nine lines, with the first eight lines in iambic pentameter and the last line in iambic hexameter. 斯宾塞诗节新诗体，每一节有9排，前8排是抑扬格五步格诗，第9排是抑扬格六步格诗。The Faerie Queene

Conceit:奇特的比喻is a far-fetched simile or metaphor, occurs when the speaker compares two highly dissimilar things. 不像的事物

Sonnet: 十四行诗a lyric consisting of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter, restricted to a definite rhyme scheme.

Blank verse: 无韵体诗written in unrhymed iambic pentameter.

Elegy 挽歌

The Heroic Couplet:英雄对偶句

Lyric:抒情诗is a short poem that expresses the poet’s thoughts and emotion or illustrates some life principle. often concerns love. A red, red Rose.

Byronic Hero: refers to a proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin.

Stream of Consciousness:意识流the author tells the story through the freely flowing thoughts and associations of one of the characters. James Joyce and Virginia Woolf are two major advocates of this technique.

Renaissance:文艺复兴14-15th, originated in Italy, encouraged the reformation of the Church and humanism. Humanism: 人文主义it is the essence of the Renaissance. It emphasizes the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life.

Metaphysical poetry:玄学派诗歌it is commonly used to name the work of the 17th-century writers who wrote under the influence of John Donne. With the rebellious spirit, they tried to break away from the conventional fashion of the Elizabethan love poetry. The diction is simple. John Donne, George Herbert.

The Enlightenment Movement:启蒙运动18th century flourished in France. Enlighten the whole world with the light of modern philosophical and artistic ideas. reason, rationality, equality and science and universal education. John Dryden, Alexander Pope.

Neoclassicism:新古典主义17-18th centuries of classical standards of standards of order, balance, and harmony in literature. Alexander Pope, Samuel Johnson.

Sentimentalism:感伤主义18世纪60-80年代，came into being as a result of a bitter discontent on the part of certain enlighteners i n social reality. use of pathetic effects and attempts to arouse feeling by “pathetic” indulgence.

The Graveyard School: 墓畔派whose poems are mostly devote to sentimental lamentations or meditation on