考研【外刊赏读】《卫报》2

【外刊赏读】《卫报》，2015年9月6日

本文节选自英国《卫报》上一篇题为“Germany’s response to the refugee crisis is admirable. But I fear it cannot last”的文章，主要分析了德国当前对待叙利亚难民的做法，剖析了其中的原因，并从历史的角度，通过比较德国两次移民数量大幅上升的不同，分析了德国目前这种做法的不可持续性。文章分析入理，从历史与现实分析当前德国难民大量涌入的问题，是一篇值得我们学习的英文佳作。

原文

Ⅰ①Sometimes German words end up having an international career. ②Kindergarten is one of them, Blitzkrieg another. ③Willkommenskultur could be next. ④With its uniquely German ring of bureaucratese and poetics, Willkommenskultur means “welcome culture”and is a word not born of custom but created to establish one.

Ⅱ①Coined by politicians a few years ago, it was originally meant to be the siren call that would attract people from other countries to come to Germany and compensate for a big shortage of skilled workers in vast, sparsely populated areas such as Brandenburg and Mecklenburg-V orpommern.

Ⅲ①These days Willkommenskultur is used to encourage help for the hundreds of thousands of refugees coming to Germany. ②And thousands of Germans have pitched in; they take food and clothes to the camps, take refugees to meetings with the authorities in their own cars, pay their fares, foot their medical bills, teach German, translate forms, share couches and bikes, act as nannies, open up soccer clubs, schools and kindergartens for refugee kids, and go on demonstrations against rightwing attacks across the country.

Ⅳ①Those with a particularly sensitive ear may detect an air of passive aggression in the manner in which Germans seek to highlight their goodness these days. ②The public mood is so empathically pro-refugee, you’d feel guilty if you didn’t at least do the bare minimum, such as offer your spare bed to a Syrian. ③It’s as if a year after the World Cup triumph in Rio, Germans desperately want to be world champions again –this time as the globe’s most welcoming country for refugees.

Ⅴ①And yet, there is something new to all this. ②The last time there was a major spike in immigration into Germany, in the 90s, refugees were largely left to their own devices. ③Only the radical left, the churches and a few engaged private individuals offered organised help. ④All the while they were coming under direct attack from neo-Nazis in Hoyerswerda or Rostock-Lichtenhagen.⑤This became a worldwide symbol of the new “ugly German”. ⑥With overseas prestige under threat, the majority reacted: even middle-sized towns got their own Rock Against Racism gig and the government organised candle-lit demonstrations. ⑦For all that, in 1993, the Bundestag de facto abolished the right of asylum. ⑧When that occurred, it was left once again to leftwing activists, the churches and immigrants to protest. ⑨The plight of the other had once again become a niche concern.

翻译

有些德语单词最后会赢得国际名声。Kindergarten（幼儿园）是其中之一，Blitzkrieg（闪电战）是另一个。Willkommenskultur有望成为下一个。它带有独特的德语式官腔和诗学，意为“欢迎文化”。这个词并非诞生于传统之中，而是为建立一个新传统而生。

该词几年前由政客创造，起初是作为一种诱人的召唤，吸引其他国家的人到德国来，弥补在诸如勃兰登堡和梅克伦堡-前波美拉尼亚州等地广人稀地区技工严重短缺问题。