传统婚俗文书与女性地位演变

传统婚俗文书与女性地位演变

摘要

婚俗文书又称婚书，是男女在缔结或终止婚姻关系的过程中产生的礼仪性、契约性、凭证性信息记录。本文研究对象是我国的传统婚俗文书，因此对“传统”进行一个时间限定，即出现婚俗文书的先秦到我国第一部婚姻法颁布之初，传统婚俗文书指这段时间内男女在缔结或终止婚姻关系的过程中产生的礼仪性、契约性、凭证性信息记录。如今常见的婚俗文书有结婚证和离婚证，这是通过法制规约人们婚姻的结果，而在传统社会中，主要通过礼制规约人们的婚姻。由于社会制度的变迁，社会低层生活的恶化，趋利行为越演越烈，利亦成为影响人们婚姻的一大因素。当人们的婚姻行为违背或逾越了礼的范畴，或因趋利产生纠纷，法的因素才会介入解决纠纷，这时，传统婚俗文书成为解决纠纷的重要文字凭证。受多重因素的影响，加上社会中繁多复杂的婚姻俗制，使在婚俗中形成的传统婚俗文书丰富多彩。

本文试图通过资料文献，从各式各类婚俗文书出发，研究探讨各个朝代的传统婚俗文书，进一步了解传统婚俗文书的价值。本文在第一大部分介绍了传统婚俗及其文书的概念、起源与价值；第二大部分主要是对三类传统婚俗文书从先秦时期直至民国时期进行了纵向梳理，认清其源流与演变过程；第三大部分分析了传统婚俗文书的演变趋势及原因，前者主要从婚书制度和类型，婚书格式、语言等方面进行阐述发展趋势，后者主要是从政治、经济、文化、民族融合等方面进行分析，以期实现对传统婚俗文书利用的重视与其价值的充分发挥。

关键词：中国；传统婚俗文书；演变

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Abstract

Marriage customs documents and papers had said，it is concluded or termination of men and women in marriage in the process of the ceremonial，contractual and credentials information records. In this paper，the research object is China's traditional marriage customs paperwork，so the "traditional" appeared for a time limit，the marriage customs documents of pre-qin period to the beginning of the first marriage law in our country，the traditional marriage customs document refers to men and women in this period of time concluded or terminate the relationship in the process of the ceremonial，contractual and credentials information records. Now we have marriage and divorce certificates common marriage customs documents，this is done by the results of the marriage law statute，in the traditional society，mainly through the Confucian code of people's marriage. Due to the change of social system，the deterioration of social life and the lower，escalating the behavior，and also become one of the main factors influencing people marriage. When people's marriage act contrary to or beyond the scope of the ritual，or if a dispute who produce，factors of law intervenes to solve disputes，at this time，the traditional marriage customs documents become important text document to settle disputes. Influenced by multiple factors，combined with various complicated marriage customs in the society，traditional marriage customs documents that formed in the marriage customs are colorful.

This article attempts through the literature data，from various kinds of marriage customs documents，the study of various dynasties traditional marriage customs paperwork，to further understand the value of traditional marriage customs I I

documents. This paper introduces the traditional marriage customs and the most in the first document the produce and development；Is the second most important to the traditional marriage customs documents from the pre-qin period until the period of the republic of China for the longitudinal combs，identify its origin and development；Third part introduces the trend of the evolution of the traditional marriage customs documents and reasons，mainly from the former papers had system and type expounds development trend，the latter mainly from aspects such as politics，economy，culture，the integration is analyzed；The fourth part introduces the value of traditional marriage customs documents，from secretarial science value，folklore value，historical value，introduces the linguistic value，ethics value several aspects，in order to achieve the traditional marriage customs documents using the importance to give full play to its value.

Key words: Traditional papers had；Marriage customs；The evolution trend；Values

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