河海大学研究生英语课文及翻译(重点单词突出显示,)Unit_5_Take_a_Lesson_from_the_Economists

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河海大学研究生英语课文及翻译(重点单词突出显示,特殊单词有注释)Unit 1 Ghosts for Tea

河海大学研究生英语课文及翻译(重点单词突出显示,特殊单词有注释)Unit 1 Ghosts for Tea

' Ten pence for a view over the bay' . said the old man with the telescope.'Lovely clear morning. Have a look at the old lighthouse and the remains of the great shipwreck o f 1935.'十便士看一次海湾风光,”那个带着一架望远镜的老头说道:“多么晴朗美丽的早晨。

请来看看那古老的灯塔和1935年失事的大轮船残骸吧。

”Ten pence was sheer robbery, but the view was certainly magnificent. 要十便士简直是敲诈勒索,可是海湾的景色确实壮丽。

Cliffs stretched into the distance, sparkling waves whipped by the wind were unrolling on to the b each, and a few yachts, with creamy-white sails, were curving and dodging gracefully on the sea . Just below, a flock of seagulls were screaming at one another as they twisted and glided over the water. A mile out to sea, the old lighthouse stood on a stone platform on the rocks, which were b eing greedily licked by the waves. In no way indeed did I grudge my money. As I directed the teles cope towards the lighthouse, the man beside me tapped my wrist.峭壁向远方伸展,海风激起的阵阵波浪泛着白花,冲上海滩。

河海大学研究生英语教程第五版U1~U20重点课文中英文对照

河海大学研究生英语教程第五版U1~U20重点课文中英文对照

Unit 1Ghosts for Tea1 “Ten pence for a view over the bay”, said the old man with the telescope.“Lovely clear morning. Have a look at the old lighthouse and the remains of the great shipwreck of 1935. ”“十便士看一次海湾风光,”那个带着一架望远镜的老头说道。

“多么晴朗美丽的早晨。

请来看看那古老的灯塔和1935年失事的大轮船残骸吧。

”2 Ten pence was sheer robbery, but the view was certainly magnificent.要十便士简直是敲诈勒索,可是海湾的景色确实壮丽。

3 Cliffs stretched into the distance, sparkling waves whipped by the wind were unrolling on to the beach, and a few yachts, with creamy-white sails, were curving and dodging gracefully on the sea. Just below, a flock of seagulls were screaming at one another as they twisted and glided over the water. A mile out to sea, the old lighthouse stood on a stone platform on the rocks, which were being greedily licked by the waves. In no way indeed did I grudge my money. As I directed the telescope towards the lighthouse, the man beside me tapped my wrist. 峭壁向远方伸展,海风激起的阵阵波浪泛着白花,冲上海滩。

河海大学研究生英语一文章翻译(Unit11-20)

河海大学研究生英语一文章翻译(Unit11-20)

Unit 11 The IksIks 小部落从前是游牧的猎人,聚居在乌干达北部的山谷中,现在这个部落变得很有名,整体上是灰心沮丧的,残忍冷酷的人类的终极命运的文学象征。

两件确实是灾难的事发生在他们身上:政府决定拥有一个国家公园,所以他们被法律迫使放弃山谷中的打猎生活,在贫瘠的山坡的土壤上变成农民,然后一个讨厌他们,研究他们两年的人类学家写了一本关于他们的书。

这本书的主题是:由于传统文化的废除,IKs变成一群彼此毫无关系,残酷无情,而又绝对令人讨厌的人,他们完全的自私和冷酷。

此外,这些特征正像我们内心的自己,当我们的社会结构完全错乱时,我们也将全部变成Iks。

这篇论文依据某种关于人类本质的设想,这种设想必然是推测而来的。

你不得不预先同意人类从本质上讲是坏的,完全为了他自己,展现出来的例如爱和同情这样的美德仅仅是后天学到的习惯。

如果你采纳这个观点,Iks人的故事便可以证实它。

这些人似乎是一直生活在一起,聚居在拥挤的小村庄,但是他们都是一群真正的独居的无关联的个体,彼此间没有明显的好处。

他们说话,但是只是做一些坏脾气的要求和冷漠的拒绝。

他们不分享。

他们从不唱歌。

他们的孩子一能走路就被打发出去寻找食物,只要有可能他们便抛弃那些老人,使他们饿死,那些寻找食物的孩子从无助的老人口中抢夺食物。

它是一个不友好的社会。

他们养育子女,但是不是出于爱,甚至也不是出于偶尔的关心。

他们在彼此的台阶上随地大小便。

他们观察他们的邻居,以等待不幸的降临,而且只有那时他们才大笑。

在书中,他们经常笑,因为有太多厄运。

好几次,他们甚至嘲笑人类学家,使人类学家发现这种嘲笑尤其令人反感(读者在字里行间发现,学者本身不是这世界上最幸运的人)。

更糟糕的是,他们把他带到家中,抢夺他的食物,在他的台阶上大小便,并且呵斥人类学家。

他们给他糟糕的两年。

它是一本令人沮丧的书。

如果,正像他建议的那样,在我们每个人的心中只有IK人的特性,我们唯一的维系人性的希望,将是不断地修补我们社会的结构,然而我们的社会结构变得如此之快,如此之完全,以至于我们不能及时找到修补社会的方法。

【VIP专享】河海大学研究生英语课文及翻译(重点单词突出显示,特殊单词有注释)U7 the healing power of beli

【VIP专享】河海大学研究生英语课文及翻译(重点单词突出显示,特殊单词有注释)U7 the healing power of beli

The Healing power of Beliefr scrutiny,however,I discovered that severity of the illness was only one of a number of factors th 在过去的两年里,我一直在UGLAilarities are:They all had a strong will to liveyous response者的主要特征非常相似:他们都有着非常强的求生欲望;坚持;信他们的治疗会起作用。

e was John Stehlin.在和attitudes.者减慢到几乎停止的程度。

这种表演在东方文明并不陌生,但是和十二位甚至更多的对生物反馈这种用法非常着迷的医师共同在一个美国的医学院观看这个证明,至少说明它的确非常令人惊愕,This mind-body effect should not be surprising in view of the experience over the years with placebos.The t erm “placebo” is used to describe a “pill” that contains no medical ingredients but that often pro duces the same effect as genuine medication.Placebos provide ample proof that expectations can have an effect on body chemistry.According to a recent article on placebos in Medical Word Ne ws,studies conducted over the past 25 years shown that placebos satisfactorily relieved sympto ms in an average of 35 percent of patients tested.These symptoms include:fever,severe postoper ative pain,anginal pain headache,and anxiety,among other complaints.The explanation for this st range phenomenon is that the human mind can create actual changes in body chemistry as a res ult of what is believes.If,for example,a person believes that a certain medication contains a subst ance that can accomplish a specific need,the body tends to move in that direction.其实从已经进行了多年的安慰剂实验的角度,这种身心效应其实并不应该令人吃惊。

(完整word版)年河海大学研究生英语一Unit1GhostsforTea(精)

(完整word版)年河海大学研究生英语一Unit1GhostsforTea(精)

Unit 1 Ghosts for T ea' Ten pence for a view over the bay' . said the old man with the telescope.'Lovely clear morning. Have a look at the old lighthouse and the remains of the great shipwreck of 1935.'“十便士看海湾风光。

”那个带着望远镜的老头说道。

“多么晴朗美丽的早晨。

来看看那古老的灯塔和1935年大海难的遗迹吧!”Ten pence was sheer robbery, but the view was certainly magnificent.十便士是纯粹的抢劫,可是海湾的景色确实壮丽。

Cliffs stretched into the distance, sparkling waves whipped by the wind were unr olling on to the beach, and a few yachts, with creamy-white sails, were curving and do dging gracefully on the sea . Just below, a flock of seagulls were screaming at one ano ther as they twisted and glided over the water. A mile out to sea, the old lighthouse sto od on a stone platform on the rocks, which were being greedily licked by the waves. In no way indeed did I grudge my money. As I directed the telescope towards the light house, the man beside me tapped my wrist.峭壁伸展向远处,海风激起的波浪闪耀着铺展在沙滩上,海面上几艘游艇伴着乳白色风帆优雅地弯成弧形避开。

河海大学研究生英语课文及翻译(重...

河海大学研究生英语课文及翻译(重...

A man or woman makes direct contact with society in two ways: as a member of some familial, pr ofessional or religious group, or as a member of a crowd. Groups are capable of being as moral a nd intelligent as the individuals who form them; a crowd is chaotic, has no purpose of its own an d is capable of anything except intelligent action and realistic thinking. Assembled in a crowd, peo ple lose their powers of reasoning and their capacity for moral choice. Their suggestibility is incre ased to the point where they cease to have any judgement or will of their own. They become ver y excitable, they lose all sense of individual or collective responsibility, they are subject to sudden excesses of rage, enthusiasm and panic. In a word, a man in a crowd behaves as though he had s wallowed a large dose of some powerful intoxicant. He is a victim of what I have called' herd-pois oning'. Like alcohol, herd- poison is an active, extravagant drug. The crowd-intoxicated individual escapes from responsibility, intelligence and morality into a kind of frantic, animal mindlessness. 一个人通过以下两种方式与社会直接接触:作为某个家庭、职业或宗教组织的成员,或者仅仅是隶属于某个群体。

河海大学研究生英语课文及翻译(重...

河海大学研究生英语课文及翻译(重...
能进行计算、做出决定和选择,能利用信息从事各种合理的工作,因此,机器能够思维。” 麻省理工学院著名的数学家诺伯特·威纳做出展望认为,机器能学习,它“决不会被迫做出 我们必须作的决定,或是迎合我们。”显然,他认为机器能够思维 There is a popular anecdote about a computer programmer who, just for a lark, spent days se n g up the machine to destroy itself, then watched delightedly as the computer du fully proceeded to commit suicide. If that machine could have thought, would it not have circumvented一 him? 个有关一位计算机程序设计员的轶事广为流传。这位程序设计员只是为了取 Nhomakorabea,花了几天的
A good many technical people become irate when you call a computer a giant brain. They insist t hat a computer does only what thinking humans have planned to have假 it如 d你o. 把计算机称
games intelligently. At the far limit of possibility, they wish to know whether, at least on paper, m achines can reproduce themselves. In other words, are we really certain that a machine can do o nly what its programmer wills it to do? Already there are in existence a number of machines that approach these powers. The simplest type is the computer that understands 许lo多gic杰. 出的人 才在潜心研制从事“非数字”工作的计算机。也就是说,所有的数字输入后,机器能够“以 此为基点继续干下去”。比方说,这些人想看看无生命的装置是否能进行判断、做出选择、 产生思想、伶俐地玩游戏,他们想知道,至少在理论上,机器是否可以再生,再生的可能性

河海大学研究生英语教程第五版UU重点课文中英文对照

河海大学研究生英语教程第五版UU重点课文中英文对照
河海大学研究生英语教程第五版U-U重点课文中英文对照
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Unit1Leabharlann Ghosts forTea
1“Ten pence foraviewover thebay”,said theold manwiththe telescope.“Lovelyclearmorning.Have a lookat the old lighthouse and the remainsof the great shipwreckof 1935.”“十便士看一次海湾风光,”那个带着一架望远镜的老头说道。“多么晴朗美丽的早晨。请来看看那古老的灯塔和1935年失事的大轮船残骸吧。”
5His voice seemed to grow deeperandmoredramatic.他的声音似乎变得更低沉、更富有戏剧性了。
6“Fora wholeweekthat lighthousehadbeenisolatedby storms”, hebegan, “withterrifyingseassurging and crashingovertherocks.Peopleon shorewere anxious about thetwo men working there. They'dbeen on thebest ofterms until two orthreeweeksbefore,when they hadquarreledovercardsin thevillage inn.MartinhadaccusedBlake ofcheating.Blake hadvowedtoavengetheinsulttohis honor.But thanks tothewiseadviceofa mantheybothrespected,theyapologizedtoeachother,andsoonseemed to havegot over theirdisagreement.Butsomeslightresentment andbitternessremained. And it wasfearedthat thestrain of continuedisolationandrough weathermight affecttheirnerves,though,needlessto say, theirfriends hadno idea how serious the consequenceswould be.”“整整一个礼拜,风暴困住了那座灯塔,”他开始说。“咆啸的大海波涛汹涌,海浪拍打着岩石,轰然作响。岸上的人们十分担心在那儿工作的两个人。他们俩是多年的挚友,但在两三个礼拜前,他们在乡村酒店里玩牌时吵了一架。马丁指责布莱克打牌时耍赖,布莱克则发誓要对侮辱他人格的不实之辞进行报复。多亏一位他们俩都尊敬的人好言相劝,他们才互相道了歉,并以乎很快地结束了他们之间的不快。不过各自心里还有些怨恨。因此,人们担心长时间与世隔绝所造成的极度紧张和恶劣的天气会使他们俩神经过敏,尽管不用说,但两人的朋友们根本没意识到后果会有多么严重。”

新编研究生英语阅读-Unit5课文翻译及分析(西农适用)

新编研究生英语阅读-Unit5课文翻译及分析(西农适用)

新编研究生英语阅读-Unit5课文翻译及分析(西农适用)新编研究生英语阅读-Unit5课文翻译及分析(西农适用)本文对新编研究生英语阅读-Unit5课文进行翻译和分析,适用于西农的学生。

以下是对课文的详细描述和分析。

课文:The Age of the Sea Turtle翻译:海龟的时代分析:本文主要介绍了海龟的生态特征、保护现状以及人类对海龟的影响。

第一部分:海龟的生态特征海龟是海洋中的重要物种,广泛分布于全球各大洋。

它们通常具有重型的甲壳和四肢,适应于在海水中生活。

海龟是肉食性动物,以藻类、水草、甲壳类动物等为食。

海龟寿命长,具有迁徙能力。

一些海龟种类可以在不同的洲际海岸间迁徙,寻找更适宜的环境生活。

海龟的迁徙现象引起了科学家的广泛研究和关注。

第二部分:海龟的保护现状尽管海龟在生态系统中扮演着重要的角色,但它们面临许多威胁。

其中包括人类活动对海龟栖息地的破坏、非法捕捞、污染和气候变化等。

为了保护海龟,各国政府和环保组织采取了一系列措施。

例如,划定保护区、限制捕捞、倡导环保意识等。

这些努力取得了一定的成效,但仍需更多的关注和努力。

第三部分:人类对海龟的影响人类对海龟的影响主要体现在以下几个方面:1. 游客干扰:许多海龟栖息地是热门旅游景点,游客的涌入会对海龟的繁殖和生活环境造成干扰。

2. 污染:海洋污染对海龟造成了严重的影响,例如油污染和塑料废弃物对海龟的生存产生了威胁。

3. 气候变化:全球气候变暖导致海平面上升和海洋酸化,这对海龟的繁殖和栖息地带来了威胁。

4. 捕猎:非法捕猎是海龟面临的另一个严重问题。

由于海龟的甲壳和肉被视为稀有和有价值的商品,因此捕猎行为屡禁不止。

结论:海龟作为生态系统中的关键物种,其保护至关重要。

通过采取有效的保护措施,我们能够确保海龟能够继续在海洋中繁衍生息。

然而,这需要全球各国的合作和努力。

希望更多的人能够关注海龟的保护问题,并为之贡献自己的力量。

通过对新编研究生英语阅读-Unit5课文的翻译和分析,我们对海龟的生态特征、保护现状及人类对其的影响有了更深入的了解。

河海大学研究生英语课文及翻译(重点单词突出显示,特殊单词有注释)Unit 3 On Friendship-推荐下载

河海大学研究生英语课文及翻译(重点单词突出显示,特殊单词有注释)Unit 3 On Friendship-推荐下载

出现许多小仪式,并经常与一些个人承诺。

他们可能是孩子们的朋友的父母,邻居家里的客人,一个委员会的成员,从其他城市甚至另一个国家的商业伙伴。

作为进入美国的家里做客的到来,欧洲游客没有发现明显的地标。

气氛是轻松的。

大多数人,老的少的,被称为首先名字。

Who, then, is friend?Even simple translation from one language to another is difficult. " You see." a Frenchman explai ns, "if I were to say to you in France, 'This is my good friend, 'that person would not be as close to me as someone about whom I said only, 'This is my friend. 'Anyone about whom I have to say more is really less. " 使是简单的从一种语言翻译成另一种是困难的,“你看,”法国人解释说,“如果我说你在法国,这是我的好朋友,'这个人不会像我这样的人靠近约人我说的只是,这是我的朋友。

' 关于他我要多说任何人是真的少了。

In France, as in many other European countries, friends generally are of the same sex, and friend ship is seen as basically a relationship between men. Frenchwomen laugh at the idea that "wome n can' t be friends, "but they also admit sometimes that for women "it's a different thing. "And m any French people doubt the possibility of a friendship between a man and a woman. There is als o the kind of relationship within a group -men and women who have worked together for a long time, who may be very close, sharing gre at loyalty and warmth of feeling. They may call one another copains -a word that in English becomes "friends" but has more the feeling of "pals "or "buddies. "In Fren ch eyes this is not friendship, although two members of such a group may well be friends. 在法国,在许多欧洲国家,朋友一般都是同性,友谊是人与人之间的关系基本上是看到。

河海大学出版社研究生英语学生用书课文翻译

河海大学出版社研究生英语学生用书课文翻译

Unit 11 The IksThe small tribe of Iks, formerly nomadic hunters and gatherers in the mountain valleys of northern Uganda, have become celebrities, literary symbols for the ultimate fate of disheartened, heartless mankind at large. Two disastrously conclusive things happened to them: the government decided to have a national park, so they were compelled by law to give up hunting in the valleys and become farmers on poor hillside soil, and then they were visited for two years by an anthropologist who detested them and wrote a book about them.小部落伊克人,曾经在乌干达北部山谷里过着狩猎和采集的游牧民族生活,已变成名人,总体来说,成了最终命运沮丧的、无情的人的人文象征。

两件具有灾难性、决定性意义的事情发生在他们身上。

政府决定建一座国家公园,所以他们依法被迫放弃在山谷里的狩猎生活,而变成贫瘠的山坡地里的农民。

之后,一个憎恶他们的人类学家访问了他们两年,并写了一本关于他们的书。

The message of the book is that the Iks have transformed themselves into an irreversibly disagreeable collection of unattached, brutish creatures, totally selfish and loveless, in response to the dismantling of their traditional culture. Moreover, this is what the rest of us are like in our inner selves, and we will all turn into Iks when the structure of our society comes all unhinged.书的主旨是说,伊克人已经将自己变成了无药可救的不友善的人渣,是独立的、野兽般的生物,完全的自私无情。

河海大学研究生英语课文及翻译(重点单词突出显示,特殊单词有注释)Unit 6 How to Read Body Language

河海大学研究生英语课文及翻译(重点单词突出显示,特殊单词有注释)Unit 6 How to Read Body Language

心之所向,所向披靡All of us communicate with one another nonverbally, as well as with words. Most of the time we' re not aware that we're doing it . We gesture with eyebrows or a hand, meet someone else's eyes and look away, shift positions in a chair. These actions we assume are random and incidental. But researchers have discovered in recent years that there is a system to them almost as consistent a nd comprehensible as language. 我们所有人都会通过非语言的方式同其他人交流。

虽然很多时候我们并没有觉察到这一点。

我们通过手势和眉毛的变化来做敬礼的姿势,与其他人目光相遇再移开,在椅子上变换位置。

这些行为在我们看来都是随机无意的。

但研究者近年来发现这些肢体动作与语言一样,是一个连续一致且可以理解的系统。

Every culture has its own body language, and children absorb its nuances along with spoken lang uage . A Frenchman talks and moves in French. The way an Englishman crosses his legs is nothing like the way a male American does it. In talking, Americans are apt to end a statement with a dro op of the head or hand, a lowering of the eyelids. They wind up a question with a lift of the hand, a tilt of the chin, or a widening of the eyes. With a future - tense verb they often gesture with a f orward movement. 每种文化都有其独特的肢体语言,法国人以法语的方式来说话和行动。

河海大学研究生英语unit5翻译

河海大学研究生英语unit5翻译

Unit 5 Take a Lesson from the Economists Economics is the dismal science: so say the large number of people who heap sc orn on the intellectural merits of the discipline. Much of the criticism comes from "pu re" or "proper" scientist —— physicists, chemists and biologists. Now, economics cer tainly has its failings. But the general way in which economists approach and describe the world, and how they convey their message about it to others , carries lessons whic h pure scientists should learn from.经济学是沉闷的科学:所以说,大量的人嗤之以鼻的方式的优点的纪律。

大部分的批评来自于“纯”或“适当的”科学家——物理学家、化学家和生物学家。

现在,经济学当然有其缺点。

但是一般的方式方法和描述这个世界的经济学家,以及他们如何传达他们的消息对其他人,上了一课,纯科学家应该学习。

Economics has inexactitudes and vagueness built into it. The general lack of rel iable data about past events makes virtually impossible the accurate measurement of e ven the most basic economic variables, such as the total volume of output in a country , or the path of consumer spending, or inflation.经济学是由不精确性和模糊性建成的。

研究生英语课文翻译Unit 5

研究生英语课文翻译Unit 5

Take a Lesson from the EconomistsEconomics is the dismal science:so say the large number of people who heap scorn on the intellectual merits of the discipline,Much of the criticism comes from “pure”or “proper”scientists-physicists,chemists and biologists.Now,economics certainly has its failings.But the general way in which economists approach and describe the world,and how they convey their message about it to others,carries lessons which pure scientists should learn from.经济学是一门忧郁的科学,很多人都嘲笑这个学科获得的智力成果。

这其中的很多批评都来自于所谓的纯科学学科或者合理的科学学科-物理,化学和生物。

当下,经济学当然是有它的不足。

但是经济学家发现和描述世界的方式,以及他们如何向别人传达与之有关的信息,其实是有很多地方值得这些纯科学家学习的。

Economics has inexactitudes and vagueness built into it.The general lack of reliable data about past events makes virtually impossible the accurate measurement of even the most basic economic variables,such as the total volume of output in a country,or the path of consumer spending,or inflation.经济学包含很多不精确性和含糊性。

河海大学研究生学术英语笔记加背诵段落

河海大学研究生学术英语笔记加背诵段落

研一上英语期末复习笔记1961 年9 月23 日,毛泽东会见英国陆军元帅蒙哥马利,其中谈到了接班人的问题。

而在前一天,毛泽东和身边的工作人员就接班人的翻译问题进行了商谈。

毛泽东问英文里继承人是什么,熊向晖答是successor,并在一张纸上写了出来。

毛泽东看后说:“success 这个单词我背过,意思是成功,怎么加上or 就翻译成继承人了?”浦寿昌解释说:“在西方,成功意味着有财产,而财产则存在继承问题,需要指定继承人。

”毛泽东说:“这个名词不好,我一无土地,二无房产,银行里也没有存款,继承我什么呀?红领巾都唱,我们是共产主义接班人,还是叫接班人好,这才是无产阶级的说法。

”期末试卷题型及考试范围☆客观题(要涂卡,记得带2B 铅笔及橡皮)①听力理解(1*20=20):基本上都是听力课教材的原题(英语一、二)②词汇(0.5*20=10):全部来自《研英》Unit1-10 课后词汇题的原题(英语一)一半来自《研英》Unit1-10 原题,一半来自《学英》Unit1-4 原题(英语二)③完形填空(1*15=15):从《研英》Unit1-10 的某篇课文原文中挖空出题(英语一、二)④阅读理解(1*20=20):有两篇来自《研英》Unit1-10 课后原题,有两篇为课外(英语一、二)☆主观题(注意把握时间,客观题可能的话尽量提前预记答案,留足够的时间给主观题)①翻译(10*2=20):一段英译汉,一段汉译英,英译汉与课文有一定的相关度(英语一、二)②写作(1*15=15):一篇大作文,英语一不详,英语二确定为图表类作文(英语一、二)《研究生英语教程》Unit 1-10 词汇题释义(英语一、二)Unit 1[辨] view / scene / scenery / sightsale n. 出售[辨] thief / bandit / burglar / robberwind - wound - wound v. 缠绕visible adj. 看得见的grim adj. 不景气的with the result that 其结果是fiction n. 小说crawl v. 爬行a flock of birds 一群鸟儿stretch out 使能维持glide v. 滑翔slide v. 滑行lick / lap up 舔食isolate / separate v. 使隔离deferential / respectful adj. 恭敬的flash out at sb. 对某人勃然大怒地说creep vi. 爬行charge sb. with sth. / accuse sb. of sth. 指控a scattering of / a sprinkle of 寥寥无几的curl vi. 盘绕Unit 2appeal to 求助于stock-in-trade n. 惯用手段be capable of 能容纳下make contact with 接触in a word 总之be subject to 经受at one’s mercy 任其摆布know one’s business 胜任自己从事的工作have no use for 不喜欢without qualification 无条件地be characteristic of 为…所特有realistic / practical adj. 现实的chaotic / disordered adj. 混乱的liquidate v. 清除[辨] destroy / ruin / damagesymptom n. 征兆[辨] symbol / signal / signcharacteristic / attribute n. 特性extravagant / wasteful adj. 奢侈浪费的suspend / postpone v. 延迟fallacy / misconception n. 谬见rational / reasonable adj. 合理的Unit 3attachment n. 依恋honor one’s commitment 信守诺言endure v. 忍受draw on 利用intensify v. 加剧courteous adj. 彬彬有礼的take sth. into account 考虑be centered on 集中在be subject to 取决于fall into step with sb. 开始与某人步调一致raise / bring up 提出confidential adj. 保密的share secrets 分享秘密draw out / extract 提炼出band / group n. 团伙sentiment / emotion n. 情绪irrevocably / unchangeably adv. 不可改变地temporary / tentative adj. 暂时性的invoke / ask for 祈求similarity / resemblance n. 相似之处view / examine v. 观察Unit 4predetermine v. 预先决定cover up 掩盖acknowledgment n. 感谢rigorous adj. 严格的diffuse adj. 弥漫的;散漫芜杂的expound v. 解释highlight n. 突出之处spring from 源于instill v. 逐渐灌输acknowledge / recognize v. 承认peer / fellow n. 同伴breakdown / fail in 失败futile /useless adj. 无用的essential / fundamental adj. 基本的thorough / rigorous adj. 缜密的evade / avoid v. 逃避explicit / clearly-expressed adj. 表述清楚的diversion / distraction n. 令人分心的事物be detached from / be indifferent to 冷漠对待Unit 5afflict v. 折磨assimilatev. 同化prescribev. 规定incumbent n. 现任者exactitude n. 规规矩矩vague adj. 模糊的dismay n. 沮丧variable n. 变量by a narrow margin 悬而又悬地muddy the waters 把事情弄糟causality n. 因果关系chalk up 取得(胜利、分)scorn / contempt n. 藐视merit / value n. 价值virtually / almost adv. 几乎hazy / uncertain adj. 模糊的stark / harsh adj. 严酷的rigid / strict adj. 严格的assimilate / digest v. 消化吸收It is incumbent on sb. to do sth. 有责任做obligatory adj. 义务的switch / shift v. 转换transaction / deal n. 交易judicious / sensible adj. 明智的implement / carry out 实施Unit 6the pros and cons 赞成与反对者stretch v. 伸展soap bubble 肥皂泡minute adj. 极小的point out 指出back off 退缩be compatible with 相一致introverted adj. 内向的densely-populated adj. 人口密集的roundabout adj. 间接的incidentally / by chance 偶然地be consistent with 相一致droop / sag vi. 下垂wind up / end 结束tilted adj. 倾斜的crooked adj. 弯曲的pick up / identify / make out 识别vocal / voiced adj. 由嗓音发出的impact / effect n. 影响spell out 讲清楚potent drug 强效药avoid / dodge v. 躲避haughty / arrogant adj. 傲慢的blink v. 眨眼chatter v. 喋喋不休idle adj. 琐碎无聊的tense / nervous adj. 紧张的rage / fury n. 暴怒provocative / stimulating adj. 起激励作用的fire up 激起热情hot adj. 激动的spot / see v. 发现Unit 7enhance one’s reputation 提高名誉respiration n. 呼吸ignite vi. 燃烧cherish v. 珍爱distinguished adj. 卓越的minimize v. 作最低估计[辨] affect / influenceoriginal adj. 最初的be related to 有关recede v. 退去scrutiny / examination n. 审查severity / seriousness n. 严重性account for / explain 解释forecast / predict v. 预测verdict / decision n. 判决overcome / defeat v. 战胜dismal / melancholy adj. 忧郁的array / collection n. 陈列thrilled adj. 非常兴奋的be caught up in / be involved in 被卷入fascinating / entrancing adj. 使人入迷的cite / quote v. 引用ample / abundant adj. 充足的relieve / alleviate v. 减轻vital / important adj. 重要的heal / cure v. 治愈treatment / medical care n. 医治nursing n. 护理enlighten / inspire v. 启发negative / pessimistic adj. 消极的emotion / feeling n. 情感Unit 8anecdote n. 轶事proceed with 继续做boil down to 归结为account for 导致at any rate 无论如何assimilate v. 消化吸收preoccupied adj. 心事重重的fall into 分成in answer to 回答conceivable adj. 可想到的comment on sth. 发表看法blunder v. 因无知或粗心而犯错误commit murder 犯谋杀罪controversy / debate n. 争论comprise / constitute v. 构成originate / emerge v. 开始出现embrace / accept v. 接受component / constituent n. 构成部分outstanding / remarkable adj. 杰出的rigid adj. 严格僵化的fixed adj. 固定的category /group n. 类colleague / fellow worker 同事maze n. 迷宫network n. 网状系统bypath n. 旁道alley n. 小巷endow / provide v. 给予multiply v. 迅速增加duplicate / identical adj. 完全一样的remark / comment v. 说reliably / dependably adv. 可靠地synthetic / artificial adj. 人造的Unit 9discard v. 丢弃clever / skillful adj. 熟练的abandon v. 放弃purify v. 提纯pure iron 纯铁emit v. 放射eliminate v. 消除determine v. 决定check v. 抑制firmadj. 坚固的preserve / save v. 保存accent / stress v. 重读sniff / smell v. 闻consume v. 花费take up 占用manufacture / produce v. 制造endless / limitless adj. 无限的exhaustive / thorough adj. 详尽的worn out adj. 用坏的dispose / array v. 排列rusty adj. 生锈的oxidize v. 使生锈stack / pile v. 摞vicious / violent adj. 凶猛的cycle n. 循环sequence n. 连续fellowship n. 交情spoil / rot vi. 腐败变质stumble / trip v. 绊倒dump / unload v. 卸下deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺deny sb. sth. 拒绝给予explode / blow up 爆炸Unit 10wistful adj. 伤感的sobering adj. 令人警醒的crave for 渴望bold adj. 大胆的hero n. 英雄upbringing n. 接受的教养hijack v. 劫机galvanize v. 激励be thronged with 挤满contentious adj. 爱争论的potentially adv. 可能地hazardous / risky a dj. 冒险的call for / require 需要last / continue v. 持续trait /quality n. 特点stimulate / encourage v. 激发inherently / intrinsically adv. 本质上地likelihood n. 可能性predictability n. 可预测性trigger / set off 引起warrior / fighter n. 斗士determine / fix v. 确定urge / encourage v. 力劝varied / diversified adj. 多样化的contention / controversy n. 争论national anthem 国歌《学术综合英语》Unit 1-4 词汇题释义(英语二)Unit 1assertion n. 声明contrary to与…相反look up 查找implicit adj. 含蓄的at hand 即将发生in the course of 在…过程中adapt v. 适应sustain v. 维持unbiased adj. 无偏见的rhythm n. 节奏clutter n. 杂乱metaphor n. 暗喻impromptu / unprepared adj. 即兴的sparingly / economically adv. 节约地credible / reliable adj. 可信赖的credential n. 证书paraphrase / restate v. 改述anecdote n. 轶事hypothetical / supposed adj. 假设的testimony / evidence n. 证明bolster / support v. 支撑juxtaposition / side-by-side position 并置impassioned adj. 充满激情的trigger v. 引发poignant adj. 令人心酸的be inundated 被淹没[usu passive] spawn v. 造成disruptv. 扰乱adverselyadv. 不利地localize v. 使局部化supplement v.补充identify v. 识别Unit 2contribute v. 投稿center on 集中在plausible adj. 看似合理的entail v. 导致consensus n. 共识liability n. 累赘menace n. 威胁triple vt. 使成三倍intractable adj. 难对付的massive adj. 大量的devastating adj. 毁灭性的pose v. 造成detract from / take away from 减损inadequacy / shortage n. 短缺on a par with / the same as 与…一样staggering / astounding adj. 令人惊愕的portend / predict v. 预示believable adj. 可信的augment v. 增加emergence / appearance n. 出现aggravating / annoying adj. 令人恼怒的pin down / discover 弄明确striking adj. 显著的resurgence n. 再度猖獗by virtue of 凭借equitable adj. 公平的implication n. 可能的结果mainstay n. 最基本组成部分thread n. 主线clear-cut adj. 清晰的virtually adv. 几乎mobility n. 社会地位或阶层升降的流动性viable adj. 可行的rife adj. 猖獗的Unit 3address v. 处理border on 近乎in other words 换句话说be involved in 被卷入enforce a ceasefire 执行停火协定be applied to 被应用于regardless of 不管conviction n. 判罪infraction n. 违犯suggest v. 暗示available adj. 可得的consistent adj. 始终如一的nail v. 逮住并证明…犯法whopping / huge adj. 巨大的sporadically / occasionally adv. 偶发地prod / urge v. 敦促fatality / death n. [C] 死亡turn up / find 发现prior to / before 在…之前on a whim 心血来潮地car crash / car accident 车祸subsequent / following adj. 接下来的indulge v. 纵情heed v. 注意听从issue v. 发布venture vi. 冒险accountability n. 应负责任give rise to 引起in place 到位predict v. 预测head for 前往Unit 4sumptuous adj. 豪华奢侈的prerogative n. 特权subtlety / delicacy n. 微妙ambiguity n. 模棱两可rapport n. 默契covert adj. 隐密的misinterpretation n. 误解subservience n. 恭顺pro forma adj. [拉] 形式上的be stricken by 受侵害national priority area 国家优先发展区域be labelled (as) 称…为[usu passive] account for 占get one’s way 为所欲为make mischief 挑拨离间frame v. 陷害debase v. 降低质量underhanded adj. 偷摸的do one’s bidding 听某人的吩咐portray v. 刻画disruptiveadj. 扰乱的stereotype n. 模式化形象trauma n. 精神上的创伤momentum n.势头flawed adj. 有瑕疵的innuendo n. 暗讽commit v. 拨款retribution n. 惩罚initiate v. 发起老师要求背诵段落翻译,红色为老师留过的作业第一课Cliffs stretched into the distance; sparking waves whipped by the wind were unrolling on to the beach, and a few yachts, with creamy-white sails, were curving and dodging gracefully on the sea. Just below, a flock of seagulls were screaming at one another as they twisted and glided over the water. A mile out to sea, the old lighthouse stood on a stone platform on the rocks, which were being greedily licked by the waves. In no way indeed did I grudge my money. As I directed the telescope towards the lighthouse, the man beside me tapped my wrist.峭壁向远方伸展,海风激起的阵阵波浪泛着白花,冲上海滩。

河海大学出版社研究生英语学生用书课文翻译

河海大学出版社研究生英语学生用书课文翻译

Unit 11 The IksThe small tribe of Iks, formerly nomadic hunters and gatherers in the mountain valleys of northern Uganda, have become celebrities, literary symbols for the ultimate fate of disheartened, heartless mankind at large. Two disastrously conclusive things happened to them: the government decided to have a national park, so they were compelled by law to give up hunting in the valleys and become farmers on poor hillside soil, and then they were visited for two years by an anthropologist who detested them and wrote a book about them.小部落伊克人,曾经在乌干达北部山谷里过着狩猎和采集的游牧民族生活,已变成名人,总体来说,成了最终命运沮丧的、无情的人的人文象征。

两件具有灾难性、决定性意义的事情发生在他们身上。

政府决定建一座国家公园,所以他们依法被迫放弃在山谷里的狩猎生活,而变成贫瘠的山坡地里的农民。

之后,一个憎恶他们的人类学家访问了他们两年,并写了一本关于他们的书。

The message of the book is that the Iks have transformed themselves into an irreversibly disagreeable collection of unattached, brutish creatures, totally selfish and loveless, in response to the dismantling of their traditional culture. Moreover, this is what the rest of us are like in our inner selves, and we will all turn into Iks when the structure of our society comes all unhinged.书的主旨是说,伊克人已经将自己变成了无药可救的不友善的人渣,是独立的、野兽般的生物,完全的自私无情。

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Economics is the dismal science: so say the large number of people who heap scorn on the intelle ctural merits of the discipline. Much of the criticism comes from "pure" or "proper" scientist —— physicists, chemists and biologists. Now, economics certainly has its failings. But the general way in which economists approach and describe the world, and how they convey their message about it to others , carries lessons which pure scientists should learn from. 经济学是沉闷的科学:所以说,大量的人嗤之以鼻的方式的优点的纪律。

大部分的批评来自于“纯”或“适当的”科学家——物理学家、化学家和生物学家。

现在,经济学当然有其缺点。

但是一般的方式方法和描述这个世界的经济学家,以及他们如何传达他们的消息对其他人,上了一课,纯科学家应该学习。

Economics has inexactitudes and vagueness built into it. The general lack of reliable data about past events makes virtually impossible the accurate measurement of even the most basic econo mic variables, such as the total volume of output in a country, or the path of consumer spending, or inflation. 经济学是由不精确性和模糊性建成的。

普遍缺乏对过去事件的可靠的数据使得几乎不可能有准确的测量,即使是最基本的经济变量,如一个国家的输出总量,或者消费支出的路径,或通货膨胀。

If economists are hazy about what is going right now, they are even less sure about the future. D ue to the general measurement difficulties, as well as unforeseen events such as wars or natural disasters, economic forecasts are almost always wrong, sometimes by wide margins. As for econo mic theories, they change almost according to fashion, with economists allowed to move effortle ssly between them, sometimes holding several contrasting points of view at the same time. 如果经济学家朦胧的关于什么将会发生,现在他们更不确定的未来。

由于通用测量困难,以及不可预见的事件,如战争或自然灾害,经济预测几乎总是错的,有时是由宽的利润率。

至于经济理论,他们改变几乎根据时尚,经济学家可以毫不费力地移动它们之间,有时在同一时间持有多种截然相反的观点。

The contrast with scientists could not be starker. The tools of an economist's trade are muddy da ta, loose theorising and a shambling approach to causality which says . that a set of interactions b etween A, B and C MIGHT lead to a conclusion Z (and only via a roundabout route which takes in P, Q and R as well) . Scientists have a harder-edged way of looking at the world, requiring a set of rigid theories and data based on painstaking experimental observation.相比之下,科学家们有着天壤之别。

经济学家的贸易工具是泥泞的数据,松散理论和呆滞的因果性说。

这一组之间的交互,B和C可能导致结论Z(和只能通过一个迂回路线,需要在P,Q,R)。

科学家们有一个硬朗的看待世界的方式,需要一套严格的理论和基于细心的实验观察的数据。

But the economists have been able to use the vagueness with which their subject is afflicted to their advantage. By concentrating on broad conclusions to problems and communicating these in terms that can be understood by the special interest groups they are dealing with, economists ha ve had a generally good record in "assimilating themselves into positions of influence. Scientists h ave done rather less well by concentrating on the nature of problems rather than on the conclusi ons or policy prescripitons.但是,经济学家们已经能够使用的模糊性,其主题是困扰自己的优势。

通过专注于广泛的问题结论和交流这些条款,可以理解他们正在处理的特殊利益集团,,经济学家有一个普遍的良好记录在“同化成具有影响力的位置上。

科学家们已经做得相当不那么专注于问题的本质,而是结论或政策规定。

All this explains why, in British at least, economists as a body of people have had muchmore suc cess in purely professional terms over the past 20 years than scientists. 所有这些都解释了为什么至少在英国,在过去20年经济学家作为一个群体比科学家有更多的成功在纯粹的专业术语方面。

Take the posts in the Britain government of chief scientific adviser and chief economist. In the fir st position, Bill Stewart has a thin power base, playing a marginal role in providing scientific advic e to dozens of government departments. The second job takes the "incumbent to the centre of th e government's decision-making machinery in the Treasury, and into involvement with many of th e most important decisions ministers make about how Britain should operate. 以作为英国政府的首席科学顾问和首席经济学家的职位。

在第一个位置,比尔·斯图尔特有一层稀薄的权力基础,扮演一个次要角色为数十政府部门提供科学建议。

第二个工作需要,在财政部的政府决策机制的中心,到参与的最重要的决定部长,英国应该如何操作进行。

In industry, top scientists working for big firms such as ICI or IBM certainly are in strong positions . But the ability of such people to influence events is put into the shade by the power of economi sts working for the big international banks and investment houses in the City of London. The bro ad judgments of these people about global economic patterns, transmitted by numerous direct a nd indirect ways, form a key component of thousands of decisions made at company level at the grass roots of industry.在工业领域,顶尖的科学家工作在大公司如ICI或IBM肯定是在强有力的位置。

但是这样的人影响事件的能力是通过经济学家在伦敦对国际大银行和投资公司工作来实现的。

这些人对全球经济模式的大致的判断,通过大量的直接和间接的方式,形成在公司层面基层产业的重要组成部分。

How did economists get to be in this position - and what can scientists learn from them? Despite the difficulty in arriving at hard answers to many of the problems in economics, people in the dis cipline have shown an ability to skim over the inexactitudes, to come up with a general view of t he world in terms that are relevant and make sense to those outside the profession. 经济学家如何会在这个位置,科学家可以从他们那儿学到了什么?尽管经济中存在的许多问题很难回答,本学科的人们表现出掠过不确切性问题的能力,要明确拿出一个通用的世界观,并对行业以外的有意义。

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