大学体验英语综合教程课堂辅导Book 4Unit 6-passage a-词汇充电
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1 abandon
vt.①go away from somebody or something 离弃( 家园,船只,飞机等),抛弃( 某人)。如:a baby abandoned by its parents 被父母遗弃的婴儿②give up 放弃( 计划,希望等)。如:He abandoned all hopes. 他放弃了一切希望。
【联想】abandoned adj. 放纵的,堕落的;abandonment. n. 放弃,自暴自弃
【考题】The scientist ______ his research for lack of fund.
A. deserted
B. canceled
C. abandoned
D. quitted
【详解】答案C。句意:这位科学家因资金不足而放弃了研究。abandon 指放弃;dese和abandon 都可指抛弃,遗弃某人,但desert 不用于放弃计划,打算,研究等;quit
指停止或放弃信仰,行动,工作等,如quit smoking 停止吸烟,quit the job 辞职;
cancel 指取消原定的计划和安排。
【短语】abando n one’s country 背弃祖国; abandon one’s friend 背弃朋友; abandon one’s post 放弃职位;abandon a ship 弃船;abandon a bad habit 革除恶习; abandon one’s
hope/plan/idea 放弃希望、计划、主意;abandon oneself to 沉溺于,纵情于。
2 arouse
v. awaken; cause to become active 唤起,激起( 感情, 兴趣等)。如:He succeeded in arousing the nation’s sympathy. 他已经激发了全民的同情。
【考题】These startling events _____ intense excitement throughout Europe.
A. rose
B. arose
C. raised
D. aroused
【详解】答案D。句意:这些惊人事件在整个欧洲引起了极大的骚动。arouse 意为“激起,兴趣,引起,唤起”,如:arouse anxiety 引起不安,arouse curiosity 引起好
奇;rise vi. 升起,升高;arise vi. 出现,发生;raise vt. 抬起,举起某物
3 draw
vt. vi. move by pulling; move by pulling after or behind; take or get out by pulling; extract; obtain from a source; attract; take in 拉,画,提取,引出,吸取,吸收。如:The report drew a grim picture of inefficiency and corruption. 该报告描绘出一幅缺乏效率和贪污腐化的可怕情景。I drew the record out of its sleeve. 我从唱片套中抽出唱片。
【短语】draw out/from/out of 拉出/ draw in 到站;draw on接近,利用;draw up 草拟,画出;draw from 使⋯说出真情;draw level 打成平局,赶上;draw a (the) line 区
分,有个限度
4 identify
v. 1) the act of identifying or fact of being identified 认出,识别,确认,鉴定。如:Can you identify your umbrella among this lot? 你能在这些伞中认出你自己的那一把么?2) something which is proof or a sign of identity 身份证明
【考题】He is too closely ______ with the previous administration to be given a job in this one.
A. identical
B. identification
C. identified
D. identity
【详解】答案C。句意:他与前政府的关系过于密切,难得在本届政府中得到一官半职。
identify...with 使与⋯有关联;认为( 某人) 与⋯有关联;identical adj.,意为“同
样的,完全相同的”;identifica-Unit 6tion n. 意为“身份证明”;identity n. “同
一性,身份”
【短语】identify with 把⋯和⋯联系起来/ 和⋯有同感;identify oneself with 和⋯联系,支持
5 clash
vt & vi 1) make a loud, broken, confused noise 使发撞击声。如:Their swords clashed.他们的剑
互相撞击,铿锵有声。2) some suddenly together, meet in conflict 互撞,冲突。如:
Your party clashed with a wedding I’m going to .你们的聚会和我要去参加的婚礼时
间上有冲突。
n. disagreement; conflict 不合;不调和,冲突。如:clashes between police and demonstrators 警察与示威者间的冲突。
【联想】形近词crash 和clash; crash 碰撞之声;clash 指金属制品相碰撞发生铿锵之声,也指意见,厉害相冲突;crash 用于物之间的碰撞。
【考题】The Government is likely to _____ with the Opposition on the new tax proposals.
A fight
B clash
C match
D approve
【详解】答案B. 句意:政府在新的税款提案上可能和反对党有冲突。clash 作“发生冲突;不协调”解时,是不及物动词,与介词with 搭配。本题冲突的双方为Government
和the Opposition, 冲突的原因是有关the new tax proposals, 双方不可能真的动刀
动枪,所以,A 不符合题意;C 在意思上不符;D在搭配上不对。fight 打仗,
打架;match 指在品质,色彩,设计等方面相配,相当,可和介词with搭配;approve
赞同,是及物动词,后面不可接介词with
6 conflict
n. 1) fight; struggle; quarrel 斗争;战斗;争执2) (of opinions, desires, etc) opposition; difference ( 指意见,欲望等) 相左,冲突,抵触
【联想】近义词battle, clash, fight, struggle, contest, differ, disagree, oppose, opposition
【考题】The Pop’s visit symbolized the _____ between the world of religion and that of atheism.
A. fight
B. combat
C. conflict
D. battle
【详解】答案C. 句意:教皇的来访象征宗教界和无神界之间的冲突。conflict 多指对立的思想或意识所导致的冲突,分歧;显然教皇的来访只会是思想或意识上的冲突或
分歧,不可能是短兵相接的战争。所以conflict 符合题意。fight 指短兵相接的肉
搏,厮杀;combat 指个人或部队间的单独斗争,战争等;battle 多指敌对双方使
用武器而进行的大规模的战斗。
【短语】in conflict (with) ( 和⋯) 有矛盾,不一致;come into conflict with 与⋯发生冲突
其他单词与短语讲解
1 achievement
n. achieving 完成
【联想】同根词achieve v. 完成,实现;–ment 是后缀,意思是“行为”。常见的搭配有:academic achievement学术成就;epoch-making achievement 划时代的成就
【短语】achievement test 成绩测验
2 ardent
adj. showing strong or intense feeling, enthusiastic 炽热的,热情的。如:an ardent supporter of the local football team 本地足球队的球迷.
【联想】表“热心的, 热情的”,近义词zealous, passionate, enthusiastic, warm, eager
【考题】That has left me a less _____ lover than I should perhaps otherwise have been.
A. resident
B. ardent
C. president
D. contend
【详解】答案B. 句意:那使我成为一位不那么热情的情人,否则,我在那时大概会热情得多。A. resident n. 居民,如: He is a resident of Beijing.他是北京的居民。B. ardent
adj. 热情的;C. president n. 总统,如George Washington is the first president in the
United States. 乔治华盛顿是美国的第一任总统; D.contend v. 争夺,斗争,如:
contend against one’s fate 和自己的命运作斗争,根据题意选B。