第二讲 冠词和数词

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11) 用在惯用语中: in the day, in the morning (afternoon,
evening), the day after tomorrow
the day before yesterday, the next morning, in the sky (water,field,country)
而是有其他目Hale Waihona Puke Baidu)
11)不用冠词的序数词; a. 序数词前有物主代词 b. 序数词作副词 He came first in the race. c. 在固定词组中 at (the) first, first of all,
from first to last
A、表示世界上独一无二的事物时用 _定__冠__词__t_h_e_, 但名词前如有__形__容__词__修饰, 则用_不__定__冠__词__a_/a_n_.
My neighbor asked me to go for ______ walk,
but I don't think I've got ______energy. (2008辽宁卷)
A.a: 不填 C. 不填; the
B. the; the D. a; the
2. 零冠词
• 1) 国名,人名前通常不用定冠词:England, Mary;
(2008江苏卷)
A.the … the B. / … the
C. the … / D. / … /
10)有些个体名词不用冠词;如: school,college,prison,market,
hospital,bed,table,class, town,church,court 等个体名词,
直接置于介词后,表示该名词的深层含义(某种行为); go to hospital 去医院看病 go to the hospital 去医院 (并不是去看病,
4)某些惯用法:
eg. It’s a pity that… It is a shame to do
in a hurry,
have a cold/pain/headache
have a look/talk/rest
定冠词的用法
• 1)特指双方都明白的人或物: Take the medicine.
• 2)上文提到过的人或事: He bought a house. I‘ve been to the
Have you heard news? The price of _____petrol is going up again! (2008湖南卷)
A. the, the B. 不填,the C. the, 不填 D. 不填,不填
7)在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前,不加冠词 如:
have breakfast,play chess
house.
• 3)指世上独一物二的事物: the sun, the sky, the moon,
• 4)单数名词连用表示一类事物, • 如:the fox 狐狸; • 或与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人:the rich 富
人;
--- I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting. --- It is not your fault. With __ rush-hour traffic and __ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late. (2008江西卷)
Ex:
_t_h__e_sun
__a_rising sun
B、一日三餐的名词前一般_________, 但不如用果冠前词边有_____修饰,就定需语加 _______。 冠词
如:I often have ____ lunch at home.
We had __a__wonderful supper.
4、用在作表语的单数名词前,表示主语的职业、行业、 宗教、身份。
eg. I am a teacher.
5、用在某些度量单位前,表示“每一”
eg. He drove the car at 90 miles an hour.
总之,在表示泛指的单数可数名词前,不可 不用冠词。
6、某些特殊用法: 1)用于姓氏前表示某个生疏的人(知其名而不知其人)。
• 2)泛指的复数名词,表示一类人或事物时, 可不用定冠词; They are teachers. 他们是教师。
• 3)抽象名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词; Failure is the mother of success. 失败
乃成功之母。
• 4)物质名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词,当 表示特定的意思时,需要加定冠词; Man cannot live without water. 人离开 水就无法生存。 5)在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期 等表示时间的名词之前,不加冠词; We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们从星期一到星期五都上课。 6)在称呼或表示官衔,职位的名词前不加冠词; The guards took the American to General Lee. 士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。
不定冠词的用法
1、表示同类事物中的“一”(强调时用one)或任何一 个。 eg. I have a brother.
Please pass me a knife. 2、表示类别或用以概括事物的整体。
eg. A triangle has three sides. 3、表示某一个第一次提到或出现的事物。
8)当两个或两个以上名词并用时,常省去冠词; I can‘t write without pen or pencil.
9)当by 与火车等交通工具连用,表示一种方式时, 中间无冠词;by bus,by train;
We went right round to the west coast by __________ sea instead of driving across _________ continent.
6)与复数名词连用,指整个群体: They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师) They are teachers of this school. (指部分教师) 7)表示所有,相当于物主代词, 用在表示身体部位的名词前:
She caught me by the arm.. 她抓住了我的手臂。
8)用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、 阶级、等专有名词前:
the People‘s Republic of China 中华人民共和国 the United States 美国
9)用在表示乐器的名词之前: She plays the piano. 她会弹钢琴。
• 10) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人: the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)
eg. One morning an elephant was led down the road where they stood.
It’s not ___ good idea to drive for four hours without ___ break. (2008全国卷II)
A. a ; a B. the ; a C. the ; the D. a ; the
d 、抽象名词和物质名词表示一般
概念时,前面不用加冠词。但特指
时,则要用the.
I am fond of ___music. (泛指)
Do you like t_h_e_music of the TV play?(特 指)
C. 表示乐器的名词前,一般要加 _定__冠__词__t_h_e_,但如果名词前加了_定__语__ 修饰,则用_不__定__冠__词____.
如:
He practises playing _th_e_ violin everyday.
He is playing _a__ borrowed violin.
eg. A Mr Johnson called you when you were out.
2)用于物质名词或抽象名词前表示“一种”、“一 阵”、“一次”等。
eg. Long Jing is a well-known tea in China.
3)在序数词前表示“又一,再一” eg. She received a second Nobel Prize for her research.
A. a; a
B. the; the
C. /; / D. /; a
1. In many places in China, bicycle is still
poplar means of transportation. (2008重庆)
A. a; the
B. /; a
C. the; a
D. the; the
2 Students should be encouraged to use ______ Internet as ______ resource.(2008山东
A.不填: a C. the; the
B. 不填: the D. the; a
5)用在序数词和形容词最高级,
Where do you live? I live on the second floor.
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