Geoffrey Chaucer乔叟 自制完整

• By 1366 he had married Philippa Roet, who was probably the sister of John of Gaunt's third wife; she was a lady-in-waiting to Edward III's A woman who looks after and serves a queen or princess queen. • During the years 1370 to 1378, Chaucer was frequently employed on diplomatic(外交的) missions(使命) to the Continent, visiting Italy in 1372-73 and in 1378.
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Sonnet 18
Biography
• （1343?-1400） • He was born in London between 1340 and 1344, the son of John Chaucer, a vintner(酒 page: A boy who served a knight during the Middle Ages 商) . as part of his training to become a knight himself. • 1357---a page(学习骑士) in the household of Prince Lionel later duke(公爵) of Clarence • In 1359-60 he was with the army of Edward III in France, where he was captured by the French but ransomed（被赎出）.
Quotes:
Love is blind Time and tide wait for no man
People can die of mere imagination
Geoffrey
We know little of the things for which we pray
Chaucer
Geoffrey Chaucer
Geoffrey Chaucer
Heroic couplet Biography Works Influences
Heroic Couplet
Heroic Couplet英雄双韵体 refers to lines of iambic pentameter 抑扬格五音步which rhyme in pairs: aa, bb, cc, and so on. The adjective “heroic” was applied in the later seventeenth century because of the frequent use of such couplets in heroic poems and dramas. This verse一节歌词 form was introduced into English poetry by Geoffrey Chaucer. From the age of John Dryden through that of Samuel Johnson, the heroic couplet was the predominant占 优势的、占主导地位的 English measure for all the poetic kinds; some poets, including Alexander Pope, used it almost to the exclusion of other meters.
The heroic couplet
• A couplet对句;双韵 of rhyming iambic pentameters 抑扬五音步 often forming a distinct独特的 rhetorical修 辞学的 as well as metrical韵律的unit. • A couplet is two consecutive(连续不断的) lines of poetry that rhyme. • Iambic pentameters -- an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed one. • Iambic[诗]短长格, 抑扬格, 抑扬格诗 • Pentameters五音步诗行;五音步之诗
• The official date of Chaucer‘s death is Oct. 25, 1400. He was the first to be buried in the Westminster Abbey斯敏斯特(西敏寺)大教堂. • the Poet’s Corner (诗人角)
Early Works (to 1370)
Geoffrey Chaucer’s first period includes his early work (to 1370), which is based largely on French models, especially the Roman de la Rose (玫瑰传奇)and the poems of Guillaume de Machaut. Chaucer‘s chief works during this time are the Book of the Duchess（公爵夫人 之书）, an allegorical（寓言的） lament（悼 词、挽歌） written in 1369 on the death of Blanche, wife of John of Gaunt, and a partial translation of the Roman de la Rose.
Italian Period (up to 1387)
• Italy brought him with the new tendency趋向，趋势 of the Renaissance文艺复兴 in Italian literature. • during this time his works were modeled primarily on Dante(但丁) and Boccaccio(薄伽 丘)
The Canterbury Tales • The pilgrims' tales include a variety of medieval genres from the humorous fabliau to the serious homily, and they vividly indicate medieval attitudes and customs in such areas as love, marriage, and religion. Through Chaucer's superb powers of characterization the pilgrims-such as the earthy wife of Bath, the gentle knight intensely alive.
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So long/ as men/ can breathe/ or eyes/ can see/, So long/ lives this/ and this/ gives life/ to thee.
Works
Chaucer's literary activity is often divided into three periods. • Early Works (to 1370) • Italian Period (up to 1387) • Chaucer's final period (written mostly after 1387)
Italian Period (up to 1387)
• Major works of the second period include The House of Fame, recounting叙述 the adventures of Aeneas after the fall of Troy; The Parliament of Fowls(百鸟会议), which tells of the mating of fowls on St. Valentine‘s Day and is thought to celebrate the betrothal订婚 of Richard II to Anne of Bohemia; and a prose散 文 translation of Boethius’ De consolatione安 慰 philosophiae哲学.
rhyme
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Chaucer's final period (written mostly after 1387) The Canterbury Tales (《坎特伯雷故事集》) 坎特伯雷故事集》 contains 24 stories 1386 -- 1400:
The Canterbury Tales • This unfinished poem, about 17,000 lines, is one of the most brilliant works in all literature. The poem introduces a group of pilgrims journeying from London to the shrine of St. Thomas à Becket at Canterbury. To help pass the time they decide to tell stories. Together, the pilgrims represent a wide cross section of 14th-century English life.
Also among the works of this period are the unfinished Legend of Good Women(好女人的 故事), a poem telling of nine classical heroines 女主角, which introduced the heroic couplet (two rhyming lines of iambic pentameter) into English verse; the prose fragment The Treatise on the Astrolabe, written for his son Lewis; and Troilus and Criseyde, one of the great love poems in the English language .In Troilus and Criseyde, Chaucer perfected the seven-line stanza(诗的)节、段 later called rhyme royal 君主诗体. iambic pentameters抑扬五音步
• From 1374 on he held a number of official positions, among them comptroller(审计官) of customs(海关) on furs, skins, and hides(兽皮) for the port of London (1374-86) and clerk of the king's works (1389-91).