高考英语 语法复习之抽象名词具体化
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高考英语语法复习之抽象名词具体化
抽象名词具体化通常可分为以下两类:
一、表示情感、情绪的词,强调具体的人或事时常将其具体化使用。常用的重点抽象名词可概括为如下11个字:惊、乐、幸、憾、傲、慰、险、助、成、败、美。
1. surprise吃惊、惊奇(不可数名词)
a surprise令人吃惊的人或事(可数名词)
如:in surprise惊奇地、吃惊地,to one’s surprise令人吃惊的是
What a surprise to see you here! 在这里见到你真是个意外的事。
2. pleasure愉快、高兴(不可数名词)
a pleasure一个乐事、一个乐趣(可数名词)
如:with pleasure高兴地、乐意地,take pleasure in以…为乐、爱好
It’s a pleasure to work with him. 和他一块儿工作是件乐事。
3. honor荣誉、信誉(不可数名词)
an honor一种光荣的人或事(可数名词)
如:for the honor of the country为了国家的荣誉
It’s an honor to speak here.在这里发言是我的荣幸。
4. pity 遗憾
a pity 一件遗憾的事
It’s a pity that you should fail to pass the exam.
5. pride骄傲(不可数名词)
a pride令人骄傲的人或事(可数名词)
如:He takes pride in his son.他以儿子为骄傲。
He is a pride to his parents.他是父母的一个骄傲。
6. comfort安危、舒适(不可数名词)
a comfort一个令人安慰的人或事(可数名词)
如:enjoy comfort享受舒适
Books become a comfort to him.书籍成为他的一种安慰。
She tried to make her children live in comfort , which is a great comfort to her.
7. danger危险(不可数名词)
a danger可能引起危险的人或物(可数名词)
如:In war, a soldier’s life is full of danger.战争中,士兵的生命充满了危险。
The man is a danger to society.那是个对社会危险的人物。
8. success成功(不可数名词)
a success一个成功的人或事(可数名词)
如:be sure of success确信成功
He is a great success as a scientist.作为科学家,他是个伟大的成功者。
9. failure失败(不可数名词)
a failure/failures失败的人或事(可数名词)
如:Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。
He had had six failures and would have a seventh try.
他已经历六次失败,并将再次努力。
10. help 帮助
a help帮手,起帮助作用的物
It’s a great help to me.
11. beauty美、美丽(不可数名词)
a beauty美人、美丽的东西(可数名词)
如:the beauty of nature大自然的美
He regarded his wife as a beauty.他把妻子视为美人。
二、表示“一次”、“一场”、“一段”等“一……”的概念,常与动词连用构成短语,名词前常有形容词修饰。如:
1. have a good time ,have a wonderful supper ,have a good
knowledge/understanding of;have a population of ,have an income of ,cover an area of,reach a height of。
2. 与动词have, take, make, give等连用,表示某一次短暂的动作。如:
have a swim/rest/look/trip/discussion/smoke/wash/sleep
take a walk/bath
give/take a try
make an advance/an early start/an apology
take/have a great interest
go out for a walk
3. 接同源宾语的短语如:
live/lead a happy/simple/hard/poor/bitter life,dream a strange dream, die a heroic death
巩固练习:
1. It is often said that______ teachers have ______very easy life.
A. 不填;不填
B. 不填;a
C. the; 不填
D. the; 不填
2. He developed______ deep interest in inspects when he was at ______age of 8.
A. a; a
B. the; the
C. a; the
D. the; a
3. It’s ______pity that the meeting was ______complete success.
A. the; 不填
B. a; a
C. a; 不填
D. 不填; a
4. She tried to make the children live______ , which is ______great comfort to her.
A. in comfort; a
B. in comforts; 不填