高二虚拟语气(一)(学生版)

虚拟语气（一）

虚拟语气用来陈述一个不真实或想象的条件或情形。

一、虚拟语气用于if条件句。

1、我们用虚拟语气陈述现在不真实或想象的情景。

If I had the chance, I might want to be a business consultant.

练一练：

(1) I ____________________ (reach) the book if I ____________________ (be) a bit taller.

(2) He is busy now. If he ____________________ (be) free, he ____________________ (go) with you.

(3) If I ____________________ (know) French, I ____________________ (talk) to the French friends.

(4) 要是他在这儿，他就能帮帮我们了。

(5) 假如我是你的话，我会以不同的方法做这事。

2、我们也可以用虚拟语气表述想象中发生在过去的动作。

Everyone would have thought that the man was very rude if he had pointed with his first finger when he was in Brunei.

练一练：

(1) If you ____________________ (arrive) ten minutes earlier, you could have seen the movie star.

(2) Our experiment ____________________ (fail) if they ____________________ (not help) us.

(3) The manager was away on business then. If he ____________________ (be) here, everything

____________________ (settle) in a minute.

(4) 要是知道这个消息，我们昨天就去看他了。

(5)如果当时你知道真相的话，你会告诉我吗？

3、表述想象中将来的情景，我们可以用将来非真实条件句。

Our plan would be cancelled if it should rain tomorrow.

练一练：

(1) If I ____________________ (fail) my Maths test, I would have to take it again at the end of the term.

(2) I ____________________ (talk) to him about it if he ____________________ (come) tomorrow.

(3) 假如他来了，我们对他说什么呢？

(4) 真遗憾！要是明天动身，我们就能做好一切准备了。

注意：

if的省略条件句中的倒装语序。

如果if从句中含有were，had或should，我们可以省略if，将这些词置于从句主语之前构成倒装。

If the train were to arrive late, what should we do?

→ Were the train to arrive late, what should we do?

If I had remembered his telephone number, I would have rung him then.

→Had I remembered his telephone number, I would have rung him then.

练一练：

(1) _______ I _______ (know) what was going to happen, I would never have left her alone.

(2) _______ (be) I in your position, I would help him.

(3) This printer is of good quality. _______ it _______ (break) down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.

(4) 如果我现在不是忙于工作，我就跟你聊聊了。

(5) 要是我早知道这个电脑程序，就省下了大量的时间和精力。

练一练：

一、用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空

1. If you ___________ (remind) me earlier, I could have avoided the same mistake.

2. John went to the hospital alone. ___________ he ___________ (tell) me about it, I ___________ (go) with him.

3. I ___________ (study) harder if I ___________ (be) at school again.

4. If it ___________ (rain) tomorrow, we ____________ (put off) the sports meeting till next Friday.

5. ___________ I ___________ (do) it, I would do it in a different way.

6. Tom ___________ (come) to join us now if he ___________ (know) you are here.

7. He ____________ (pass) the job interview the other day, but he didn't get everything ready.

8. If it were not for the fact that she ___________ (be) too busy with her work, I ___________ (invite) her.

9. If everyone ____________ (decide) to be cloned, there ____________ (be) a population explosion.

10. ___________ we ___________ (make) adequate preparations, we might have succeeded.

二、改写句子（每空一词）

1. He didn’t follow my advice, so he lost his job.

If he ________ ________ my advice, he ________ _________ ________ his job.

2. Without sunlight, there would be neither plants nor animals.

________ ________ ________ ________ sunlight, there would be neither plants nor animals.

3. I don't know French, so I can't talk to the French friends.

If I ________ French, I ________ ________ to the French friends.

4. Lucy didn't come to class this morning because she didn't feel well.

________ she ________ well, she ________ ________ ________ to class this morning.

5. The professor helped me a lot and I finished the work.

I couldn't ________ ________ the work if the professor ________ ________ (help) me.

三、单项选择

1) ______ the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily.

A. Had it not been for

B. If it were not

C. If it had not been for

D. Were it not for

2) We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold ______us a ride home. (天津卷)

A. Didn’t offer

B. wouldn’t offer

C. hasn’t offered

D. hadn’t offered

3) Sorry, I am too busy now. If I ____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. （湖南卷）

A. have had

B. had had

C. have

D. had

4) If my car ____more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.

（陕西卷）

A. was

B. had been

C. should be

D. would be

5) ______ he driven more carefully, the accident could have been avoided yesterday.

A. Were

B. Had

C. Have

D. Would have

6) （2014福建卷）_____ no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.

A. Were there

B. Had there been C .If there are D. If there have been

7) (2014湖南卷）If Mr. Dewey _____ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.

A. were

B. had been

C. should be

D. was

8) （2014天津卷）________ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.

A. Did he catch

B. should be catch

C. has he caught

D. Had he caught