高考英语 考前冲刺精选常考点

高考英语考前冲刺精选常考点

第一，时态和语态的综合考查

在高考单项填空中单纯考查时态的题很常见，单纯考查语态的题却并不多，往往是把时态和语态结合起来考查，以增加试题的难度和综合性。[JP3]此时考生应首先根据语境确定时态，然后再根据名词与动词的逻辑关系来判定该用主动语态还是被动语态。

第二，主从句谓语动词的时态一致性

主从句的时态要对应，即要保持时态的一致性。这使考生在做题中既可以根据主句的时态来确定从句的时态，也可以根据从句的时态来确定主句的时态。

第三，不能使用被动语态的动词

1.当feel, look, smell, taste, sound等感官动词后面接形容词时；当cut, read, sell, wear, write, wash, cook, lock, shut, drink等表示某种性质且动词带状语修饰语时；当动词表示"开始、结束、关、停、转、启动"等意义时，如：

The fish smells good.鱼闻起来香。

Cotton feels soft.棉花摸起来非常柔软。

My pen writes smoothly. 我的钢笔写起来很流畅。

These cups clean easily.这些杯子容易清洗。

2.当break out, take place, turn off, give out（耗尽）, work out, come out, come into being, run out, happen等动词表示"发生、关闭"等意思时，如：

The light on the wall turns off.

The plan worked out successfully.

3.want, require, need，worth, deserve后面的动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，如：These flowers want/require/need watering.这些花需要浇水。

4.有时尽管不定式与其逻辑主语是动宾关系，但不定式仍用主动语态，不用被动语态。不定式作状语时，如果句子中存在light, heavy, difficult, easy, comfortable等词时就要用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。如：

The box is so heavy to carry.

He isn’t easy to get along with.

5在时间和条件等状语从句中时态的使用

在when, before, after, once, until, till, as soon as等引导的时间状语从句，以及if, unless等引导的条件状语从句中，如果主句是将来时或相当于将来时的形式，从句应该用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时，现在完成时代替将来完成时。如：

Tell him the news as soon as he comes. 他一来就告诉他这个消息。

6延续性动词与完成时态

延续性动词和非延续性动词都可用于完成时，但延续性动词的完成式后面可以接由for/since 引导的表示时间段的时间状语，或用于how long开头的特殊疑问句中，但非延续性动词的完成式则不然。常见的非延续性动词有：marry, close, die, arrive, post, come, fall, leave, go, break, start, begin, graduate等。如果要表达动作延续的时间，非延续性动词可变换形式：换成表示延续性动词的形式，如buy—have; marry—be married; die—be dead; arrive—be here; join—be in; borrow—keep; leave—be away等。如：

How long may I keep the novel?（用keep而不用borrow）

He had been married for two years.（用be married代替marry）

此外可用It is +一段时间+since...，如：

It’s two years since he has been in the Party.

7影响时态使用的因素

时态的使用往往与多种因素有关，如语境、时间状语、一些具有时间标志或提示性的词语、

句子结构等。

最后要注意固定句型中的固定时态。在某些固定句型里往往有固定的时态要求，请体会下列

句子中时态的运用：

1. This/It is the first/second...time I have done sth.

That/It was the first/second...time I had done sth.

2.It is two years since he went abroad./It was two years since he had gone abroad.

3.I was about to go out when the telephone rang.

4.Hardly had I got home when the telephone rang.

5.No sooner had I got home than the telephone rang.

6.It won’t be long before he comes back./It wasn’t long before he came back.

7.I didn’t manage to understand it until he had explained it again.

8.祈使句+and (or, or else, otherwise) +并列分句

强化练习

30.（2011·福州）---Do you know the great changes happening in our village at all?---No,

it’s the first time I _____ here.

A. was

B. came

C. have been

D. am coming

31.（11·福建南安）---Isn’t it a surprise that I happened to meet Francis Mathews

at the Christmas Party last week?

---If my memory serves me correctly, you _____ each other for exactly two years. A. hadn’t see B. haven’t seen C. didn’t see D. don’t see

32.（11·福建三明）–-Bill, where did all of you go for the vacation?

—We _____ busy with work before deadline for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves. We had a good time there indeed.

A. had been

B. will be

C. have been

D. were

33.（11·福师大附）一Is it possible for us to meet at ten o’clock tomorrow morning?

一Sorry, it is certainly not. I an important meeting then. A．will be attending B．am attending C．will attend D．attend

34.（11·福师大附）Miss Li ____ as a secretary for five years in the company, and

now she is general manager of it．

A．has served B．had served C．served D．serves

35.（11·厦门同安）—Can I expect you at 10 o’clock tomorrow morning?—I’m sorry,

but I _______ a lecture.

A．give B．was giving C．will give D. will be giving

36.（11·厦门同安）The lost paintings, once kept in the British Museum, ______ recently.

A. were found

B. was found

C. have been found

D. has been found

37.（11·冀州中学）By the middle of the 1920s the farthest corners of the earth explored.A．are B．were C．have been D．had been

38.（11·河北正定）—Do you think we should accept that offer?— Yes, we should,

for we ___such bad luck up till now, and time __ out.

A. have had; is running

B. had; is running

C. have; has been run

D. have had;