全球价值链分工论文：中国制造业在全球价值链分工中地位的影响因素分析

全球价值链分工论文：全球价值链分工分工地位衡量影响因素

【中文摘要】随着全球范围内资源的有效整合和国际分工模式的巨大变化,跨国公司面临着更加激烈的竞争,为了继续生存和获得更广阔的发展空间,跨国公司纷纷调整发展战略,将原先完全由自己承担的一体化生产进行分割,将加工组装等低端环节进行外包,将最具竞争力、利润率最高的研发、品牌和售后服务等核心环节保留,全球价值链理论更好的解释了这种分工现象。参与全球价值链分工能使中国更好的融入到全球生产体系之中,更快的实现产业结构升级换代。同时后金融时代发达国家正在实施“再工业化战略”,努力发展先进制造,借助世界贸易规则和竞争规则推进全球制造业的洗牌。当代中国正处于工业化进程的中后期,200多种工业产品居于世界首位,工业制成品出口数量世界第一,是名副其实的当今“世界工厂”,中国制造是中国经济高速增长,乃至世界经济恢复的动力引擎。随着中国制造业参与全球价值链分工广度的扩展和深度的加深,中国制造业在全球价值链分工中的地位日益引起学者的关注,实证研究的结果也显示,中国制造业仍旧处于全球价值链分工的低端环节。但是鲜有学者从中国制造业行业细分角度对中国制造业全球价值链分工地位进行系统衡量,本文在研究已有文献基础上,把制造业分为十一个行业,从分工参与深度,贸易利得和动态利益获取三个层次对中国制造业在全球价值链分工中的地位进行系统衡量,以识别中国制造业细分行业的国际

分工地位。对中国制造业全球价值链分工的影响因素很少有学者运用行业面板数据进行分析,我们选取十一个制造业行业十四年的面板数据,通过计量检验哪些因素对中国制造业全球价值链分工因素产生了影响。结果发现研发投入是中国制造业实现全球价值链升级的基础性因素,且表现出滞后性。行业规模的扩大对中国制造业全球价值链分工表现出双重影响,但从长期看,行业规模扩大对制造业国际分工地

位的提升作用显著。技术因素对中国制造业全球价值链分工地位的正向作用通过了显著性检验。要素禀赋状况对制造业参与分工程度和附加值的获取影响不大,但行业要素禀赋状况的改善可以为技术升级垫底物质基础,对动态利益的获取影响深远。最后我们结合实证结果,

从提高企业研发投入、大力发展低碳经济和发展生产性服务业三个方面提出了对策建议。

【英文摘要】With effective integration of resources and great change of pattern of international specialization, the multinational companies face more intense competition. In order to survive and get further development, multinational companies adjust their development strategies and break up the original integrated production process. While they outsource low-end links, such as producing and assembling process, they reserve highest-margin, most competitive core links including R&D, brand and after-sale service, global value chain theory could better explain this division of labor phenomenon.

Participation in global value chain division can make China better integrate into the global production system, upgrade industrial structure. When developed countries implement “industrialization strategy” after financial crisis, they merger and restructure weak companies world-wide with help of trade rules and competition regulation. Contemporary China is in the mid-late period of industrialization process, tow hundred kinds of industrial output become the largest of the world, gross volume of Chinas export trade ranks the first in the world, China is worthy of the name “factory of the world”, which promote China’s rapid economic growth, and become recovery power engine of world economy.With China’s participation in global value chain deeper and wider, Status of China manufacturing industry in global value chain causes more scholars’ attention. What’s more, empirical results showed that China manufacturing remains located in low-end of the global value chain. But few scholars systematically measured the status of China manufacturing industry in global value chain from the angle of industry subdivision. Based on the former literature, we divided manufacturing industry into 11 subdivision industries, and then we systematically measured the status of China manufacturing industry in global value