20世纪英国文学讲解

Some terms
• Symbolism 象征主义 • Expressionism表现主义 • Surrealism超现实主义 • Futurism未来主义 • Dadaism达达主义 • Imagism意象主义 • Stream of consciousness意识流 • Existentialism存在文学 • Theatre of absurd荒诞派戏剧 • Black humor黑色幽默
English Novel of Early 20th Century
• The Realists:
• The English realists at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th continued and developed the traditions of the brilliant school of critical realism. They sought for new ways and means of revealing the truth of life.In their works criticism of the bourgeois world reaches considerable depth and poigancy.The notable names among theminclude Butler,Meredith and wells.
• New Theories and Ideas (新的思想和理论) • Darwin's Evolutionary Theory(达尔文的进化论)
• Einstein's Theory of Relativity(爱因斯坦的相对论) • Freud's Analytical Psychology(弗洛伊德的分析心理学) • Karl Marks and Friedrich Engel's Theory of Scientific Socialism • (马克思和恩格斯的科学社会主义理论) • Arthur Schopenhauer'sPessimism(亚瑟 叔本华的悲观主义) • Friedrich Nietzsche's Doctrines of Power and Superman • (尼采的基督教精神及强权主义) • Henry Bergson's Irrational Philosophy(伯格森的非理性主义哲学)
• CaBiblioteka Baidutain Courageous《勇敢的船长》
• Kim《吉姆》
Arnold Bennett(阿诺德 本涅特) 1867-1931
• Major works: • Anna of the Five Town《五镇的安娜》 • Clayhanger《克莱汉格》 • Hilda Lessways《希尔达 莱斯韦斯》 • These Twain《老两口》 • The Old Wives'Tale《老妇谭》
• The major themes of the modernistlitrrature are the • distorted,alienated and ill relationships between man • and nature ,man and society ,man and man,man and • himself • The modernist writers concentrate more on the private • than on the public,more on the subjective than on the • objective .
• Just So Stories《如此故事》
• Plain Tales from the Hills《山中的故事》
• Soldiers three《三个士兵》
• Life's Handicaps《生命的阻力》
• Many Invebtions《许多发明》
• The Light That Failed《消失的光芒》
Realism in the 20th Century English Literature
(20世纪英国现实主义文学)
• 二十世纪英国现实主义文学改变了维多利亚时 期那种高雅温和的倾向，加强了对英国社会的保 守性和虚伪性的批判，具有一种冷峻的直面人生 的特点。
Modernism(现代主义)
• A reaction against realism • Modernism takes the irrational philosophy and • psycho-analysis as its theoretical base.
Joseph Conrad(约瑟夫康拉德)
Sea novels:
1857-1924
The Nigger of the Narcissus《白水仙号上的黑家伙》
Typhoon and Other Stories《台风集》
Youth and Two Other Stories《青春集》
Jungle Novels:
Lord Jim《吉姆爷》
Heart of Darkness《黑暗的心灵》
Political Novels:
1.Historical Background
WW ( Word War One一战)
Economic depression and worker's movement. (经济萧条和工人运动) Irish nationalist movement （民族解放运动） WW （二战）
2.Cultural Background
Rudyard Kipling(鲁德亚德 吉卜林)
• major works:
1865-1936
• Departmental Ditties and Other Verses《分类的歌曲》
• Seven Seas《七海》
• The Five Nations《五国》
• The Jungle Book 《森林之书》