高考英语翻译易错题整理

汉译英专项讲解

该题型全面地考查学生英语词汇、语法等知识的综合运用能力，它对学生的动词时态、语态、名词的单复数、冠词、形容词、副词、介词等应用能力，还对学生的词组、句型、句子结构等进行了全面考查。翻译不仅在高考英语主观题中占不小的比例，而且翻译能力还直接影响考生在作文中的表现。

一、高考评分标准:

1．每题中单词拼写、标点符号、大小写错误每两处扣一分；

2．语法错误（包括时态错误）每处扣一分；

3．译文没用所给的单词扣一分。

据说新的微博用户注册时必须用实名的原因是保护网民的利益和提高网络的可信度。(register)

It is said that the reason why new users of micro-blog must use real names when they are registering is to protect web users’ interests and improve credibility of Internet.

二、考查要点总结

I，词的特殊用法：accessible, available, arrange, convenient等

1：他忘了带阅读证，进不了图书馆。（accessible）

1：He forgot to bring the reading card, so the library was not accessible to him.

2：我已安排好一辆车去车站接他们。（arrange）

2：I have arranged for a car to pick you them up at the railway station.

3：如果你方便的话，请帮我去邮局寄一些包裹。（convenient）

3：If it is convenient to you, please go to the post office to send these parcels for me.

II，动词语态问题：谓语动词及非谓语动词都应注意语态问题

4：这里的菜烧得很好，还有免费蛋糕供应。(provide)

4：The dishes are well cooked here and free cakes are provided.

5：应该更加强调培养学生的实际运用能力。

5：Great emphasis should be put on cultivating students’ practical ability.

6：我们必须对这里正在讨论的一些事情保密。(discuss)

6：We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here.

7：应该鼓励年轻人按照自己的特长选择职业。（encourage）

7：The young people/ youngsters should be encouraged to choose their careers according to/ based on their own strong points/ strengths.

III, 选择正确的词语搭配，主要是介词的选择问题和be+p.p. + prep.结构

8：我不需要买新车，我的那辆旧车还很好。(condition)

8：I don’t need to/needn’t buy a new car as my old one is still in good condition.

9：我忘了提醒他面试的时间。（remind）

9：I forgot to remind him of the time for the interview.

10：我对学生所谈论的电子产品一无所知，我发现自己落伍了。（ignorant）

10：Being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about，I find myself left behind/ outdated/ out of date.

Be+p.p.+ prep.结构：be involved in, be qualified for, be equipped with, be concerned about, be based on, be addicted to, be amazed at, be regarded as, be engaged in等

11：市长非常关心市民不遵受交通对择地问题。（concern）

11：The mayor is much concerned about the problem of the citizens’ disobeying the traffic regulations.

IV, 特殊句式：it做形式主语和宾语，强调句型，倒装句，the reason why… is that …, it (never) occurs to me that…, it’s said that…, not…but …等

12：我迟到的原因是他们没通知我开会的时间。（inform）

12：The reason why I was late was that they had not informed me of the time of the meeting.

13：重要的不是你说了什么，而是你做了什么。（matter）

13：It’s not what you said but what you did that matters.

14：据报道，这种野生植物含有丰富的维生素。(It…)

14：It is reported that this wild plant is rich in/contains/has a lot of vitamins.

15：我从未想到这种事竟然会发生在他的身上。（occur）

15：It never occurred to me that such a thing should happen to him.

16：汽车、无线电、电影、速冻食品、电冰箱，这些东西在过去的30年中得到了广泛的应用，这简直令人难以置信。（It…）

16：It is hard to believe that automobiles, radios, motion pictures, frozen foods and electric refrigerator have come into common use within thirty years.

17：学校定了一条规则，开始上课时学生要起立。（it）

17：The school made it a rule that the students should stand up when class begins.

V，句子的逻辑关系：汉语里两个并列句可能存在潜在的修饰，目的，因果，结构等逻辑关系，翻译时，要使用这种逻辑关系，使句子更连贯。

18：我为这些话所深深感动，后来我就把它们写在圣诞贺卡上。（impress）

18：I was so impressed by these words that I used them later for a Christmas card.

19：人们对于那些乐于帮助他人脱离险境的人总是满怀感激之情。（grateful）

19：People are always grateful to those who are ready to help others out of danger.

20：这款手机式样新颖、携带方便，深受年轻人的欢迎。(popular)

20：The mobile phone is fashionable/modern in style and convenient to carry ,so it is very popular with young people.

VI，长句的翻译：第五题属于长句翻译，翻译时，要“先主干，再细节”。理清句子的成分，先确定框架，再添砖加瓦。

21：绝大多数的医疗专家持有相同的看法，即防止该疾病传播最有效的方法是用肥皂和水洗手。（prevent）

21：Most medical experts share the same opinion that the most effective way to prevent the spread of the disease /prevent the disease from spreading is (for people) to wash (their) hands with soap and water.

22：为追求时尚而付出高昂代价的人应该尽早改变这种生活方式。（those）

22：Those who follow fashion at the great cost should change their lifestyle as soon as possible.

23：出国学习会使学生受益匪浅，但是他们也有可能会面临一系列前所未有的挑战。（likely）

23：Studying abroad/ Going abroad for further studies benefits/ (will/ may) benefit students a lot, but they are likely to face/be faced with a series of challenges which are greater than ever (before).

24：一项新披露的调查表明网络最吸引人之处在于它能让网民及时了解世界大事。(inform)

24：A newly-released/ newly-reveled survey shows/ suggests/ indicates that the biggest attraction of the Internet is that it keeps/ makes net citizens（netizens）/ people who surf the Internet informed of the world events.

三、检查，避免小错误十分

1. 检查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。

完成翻译后，首先要检查句子中的动词前后时态是否一致，语态为主动还是被动是否符合中文翻译的要求，以及动词的单复数是否与主语相符。这是翻译中得分的重点。

2. 检查非谓语动词。