高一英语 定语从句讲解及练习 (ppt)

（二）只用that的情况
１．当先行词是everything, anything, nothing, all, none, few, little，或当先行词被every, any, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时．
Is there any question that troubles you much? ２．当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级, the only, the
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
和先行词的关系密切（删去 和先行词关系不密切（是一种补 后影响整个句子意义的表达）充说明，删掉后不影响整个意思
的表达。）
不用逗号分开
一般使用逗号分开
可用关系代词that引导
不可以用关系代词that引导
可以省略（that, who, which 在从句中担当宾语时可以省 不可以省略 略）
２．在非限制性定语从句中 His mother, who loves him very much, is
strict with him.
３．当先行词与定语从句被其他词所分隔时
I met a foreigner in the street yesterday who could ask me questions in Chinese.
Attributive Clause
在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。定语 从句的作用相当于形容词，用来修饰主句中的 某一名词、代词或整个主句。被定语修饰的词 叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先 行词之后。在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作 用的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副 词两种。
关系代词:
very, the last等词修饰时．
Is this the first time that you have come to our city? Li ming is the only one that got full marks in our
class.
３．当先行词是由人和物构成的名词词组时． Do you know the things and persons that they are
In their classes there are 15 students, who can speak English well. 只有１５个学生
She has two sons who are P.L.A. men.
不止两个，其余的可能不当兵
She has two sons, who are P.L.A. men.
４．在there be开头的句子中
There is an old man who wants to see you. ５．一句中有两个定语从句，前一个定语从句
的关系词是that，另一个只用who．
The boy that you met last night is the group leader who studies very hard.
C developed from those ___ in the forest.
A. once they grew B. they grew once
C. that once grew D. once grew
关系副词的用法
关系副词 先行词
功能
使用范围
when (= during/in/o n which)
I will do all that I can to help you.
= I will do what I can to help you.
3. one of + pl.n. +关系代词 +动词复数 the (only) one of +pl.n. +关系代词 +单数动词
The Great Wall is one of the world-famous buildings _th__a_t _d_r_a_w_ (draw) lots of visitors. Titanic is the only one of the most wonderful movies _th_a_t_ h__a_s_b_e_e_n(have be) produced in Hollywood.
talking about? ４．主句是以who, which开头的疑问句或先行词是疑
问代词who时: Which is the dictionary that he used yesterday? 5. 当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時 Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.
• who指人：在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 • whom指人：在定语从句中作宾语。 • whose可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。 • that 可指人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语. • which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语. • which引导的非限制性定语从句可修饰整个主
句。 • as可指物,在从句中作主语或宾语.也可引导非
did not realize at that time.
A. who B. of which C. which D. its
A 5. What’s that ___ flashed in the sky just now?
A. which B. that C. who D. as
B 6. This book is ____ I’m looking for.
只有两个，都是解放军
（一）．只用who的情况
１．先行词是one, anyone, those, he时宜用 who.
Anyone who breaks the law shall be punished.
Those who are against the plan put up your hands please.
限制性定语从句,修饰整个主句。
典型错误
Thank you for the record that you gave it to me.(×)
Thank you for the record that you gave me.(√)
无论是关系代词还是关系副词，都在定语从句中 取代了先行词，因此，先行词在定语从句中不复 出现。
Exercise1
A 1. Is this the factory ___ you have been to last
year?
A. which B. in which C. where D. the one
D
2. Is this factory ___ you have been to last year?
6．注意：that只能用在限制性定语从句中，非限制性 定语从句中永远不用that，介词后也不能跟that．
（三）whose的使用
• whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句 中作定语，后面要紧跟被修饰的名词．
• There are some people whose faces you can never forget. the faces of whom
5. The man _wh_o_(_m_)_/_t_h_a_t you just talked to
was a friend of mine.
作…的宾语
• 6. Please pass me the dictionary _w_h_o_s_e cover is black.
• 7. Mr. White is one of the foreign experts _w_h_o_/_t_h_a_t_ are working in China.
that/ which与where
I’ll never forget the school where we
• 8. Is this the museum _t_h_at_/__w_h_i_c_h you visited the other day?
• 9. This is the worker with _w_h_o_mmy father worked.
• 10. To get the job started, all _t_h_a_t I need is your permission.
spent together?
( ×)
Do you remember the days which/ that
we first spent together?
(√ )
析：先行词是表示时间的名词，定语从句的引导词是用 关系代词”that/which”还是关系副词”when”，取决 于该先行词在从句中充当主语、宾语还是时间状语。在 这句中先行词the day在定语从句中作spent的宾语，因 此要用that/which
可以替代（whom作宾语时， 可用who或that替代）
不能替代
只可以修饰先行词，不可以 修饰整个文句或文句的一部分， 修饰主句或主句的一部分 此时定语从句前有逗号分开，只
能由which或as引导
两种定语从句在意义上的区别
In the来自百度文库r classes there are 15 students who can speak English well. 不止１５个学生
• I saw some trees whose leaves were black because of the polluted air.
the leaves of which
（四）只用which的情况
１．非限制性定语从句中只用which，不用 that．
Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a very beautiful city.
orphan.
3. Finally the thief handed everything _t_h_a_t
he had stolen to the police. 4. We visited a factory __th_a_t_/_w_h_i_c_h makes
toys for children.
表示时间的 名词
作时间状语
限制性和非 限制性定语
从句
where(=
in/ at which)
表示地点的 名词
作地点状语
限制性和非 限制性定语
从句
why(=for which)
限制性定语 reason 作原因状语 从句
that/ which和when
Do you remember the days when we first
A. which B. in which C. where D. the one
C 3. Is Mr. Smith the person __ you know this?
A. that B. whom C. from whom D. by
B
whom 4. I attended the meeting the importance __ I
２．关系代词紧跟在介词或介词短语之后，只 能用which或 whom，不能用that．
This is the hotel in which you will stay. This is the hotel which/ that you will stay in.
Tips
1. 关系代词在从句中作宾语时,关系代词可省略. eg. This is the house _w_h_i_c_h_/t_h_a_t_/不__用I visited. 2. what不能引导定语从句;且what = all that
Exercise 1
1. I can still remember the sitting room in w_hi_c_h__ my mother and I used to sit in the
evening.
2. A child _w_h_o_s_e parents are dead is called an
A. that B. what C. which D. one
7. This is the most interesting one ___ I have
B ever read.
A. which B. that C. of which D. in that
8. All of the flowers now raised here have