陈新仁《英语语言学实用教程》(章节题库 第11章 英语语言变体(Ⅱ))【圣才出品】

第11章英语语言变体（Ⅱ）

I.Fill in the blanks.

1.In many societies of the world,we find a large number of people who speak more than one language.As a characteristic of societies,_____inevitably results from the coming into contact of people with different cultures and different languages.

【答案】bilingualism

【解析】双语现象源于不同文化和不同语言相互交流的结果。双语是对于两种或更多语言的了解及经常使用的能力。

2.A_____is a mixed and limited language used for some practical purposes by groups of people who do not know each other’s languages.（武汉大学2002年研）

【答案】pidgin

【解析】洋泾浜语是将几种语言混合或者融合在一起的一种特殊语言变体，它是由说不同语言的人为了有限的目的，如贸易而使用的语言。

3.When a pidgin has acquired native speakers，that is to say,when it becomes the first language of a social community,it becomes a_____.（上海交大2003年研）【答案】creole

【解析】当一种洋泾浜语成为了某一言语社团的主要语言，并且由该言语社团的孩子习得作

为本族语时，它就成为了克里奥耳语。

4.A speech_____is a group of people who share the same language or a particular variety of language.

【答案】community

【解析】语言社区指的是说同一种语言或语言变体的一群人。

5.A_____language is originally a pidgin that has become established as a native language in some speech community.

【答案】creole

【解析】当皮钦语得到发展不再是作为交易的语言，而成为一个社会群体的第一语言时，它就成为克里奥尔语。由皮钦语转变成为克里奥尔语的过程就称作克里奥尔语化。

Ⅱ.Multiple Choices.

1._____refers to a marginal language of few lexical items and straight forward grammatical rules,used as a medium of communication.

A.Lingua franca

B.Creole

C.Pidgin

D.Standard language

【答案】C

【解析】皮钦语不是任何人的母语，是在交往联系的情况下（例如交易）学习的语言变体。

2.The fact that ability to speak a language is transmitted from generation to generation by a process of learning,and not genetically is usually referred to as _____.

A.performance

nguage acquisition

C.cultural transmission

petence

【答案】C

【解析】语言是通过文化，而不是通过基因一代传给一代的，这是语言的一个区别性特征，叫文化传播性。

3.Probably the most widespread and familiar ethnic variety of the English language is_____.

A.British English

B.American English

C.Black English

D.Australian English

【答案】C

【解析】黑人英语很可能是分布范围最广的、英语语言中人们最熟悉的少数民族语言变体。

4.A special language variety that mixes languages and is used by speakers of

different languages for purpose of trading is called_____.

A.dialect

B.idiolect

C.pidgin

D.register

【答案】C

【解析】pidgin洋泾浜是原本讲不同语言的人们由于某些特殊原因（如商业交流）的直接交流目的而产生的特殊语言混合体。dialect的意思是方言，idiolect是个人方言，register是语域。因此，本题的正确答案为C。

5.In sociolinguistic studies,speaker are regarded as members of social groups,the social group that is singled out for any special study is called_____.

A.the speech community

B.the linguistic group

C.the linguistic community

D.the speech variety group

【答案】A

【解析】在社会语言学中，语言使用者都被看作是社会的成员。而具有相同的语言认同或至少共享一种语言变体的人群可称作语言社区。

6.The distinctive features of a speech variety may be all the following EXCEPT_____.

A.lexical