高中英语专题(2)定语从句
高中英语专题教与学（2）
定语从句
一、定语从句概述：
（1）定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词
性成分，其功能相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
（2）先行词：就是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
（3）关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。关系词有关系代词which，that，who，whom，whose，as等，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语；关系副词有when，where，why等，在从句中充当状语。关系词有三个作用：引导定语从句；代替主句中的先行词；在定语从句中担当一
个成分。
二、关系代词：
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分；关系代
词作宾语或表语时可以省略；关系代词在定语从句中作主语时则不能省略，而且从句谓语动词的人称和数
要和先行词保持一致。
1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
Happiness and success often come to those who are good at recognizing their own strengths. （2013湖南卷）Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus.
2. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。
Finally he reached a lonely island which was completely cut off from the outside world. （2013山东卷）The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all.
3. that 指人时相当于who 或whom；指物时相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.
Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia.
【注意】有时候，关系代词表示事物的时候，只能用that，而不能用which，情况如下：
（1）先行词是all，little，few，much，anything，everything，nothing ，none等不定代词时；
There is nothing that can stop us making progress.
（2）当先行词前面有all，any，no，every，little，few，much，等词来修饰时；
You can borrow any book (that) you like.
（3）先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时；
This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.
（4）先行词中既有人又有物时；
Luxun and his works that we are familiar with are considered great.
（5）先行词同时又被the only或者the very修饰时；
This is the only problem (that) we can’t work out.
4. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country.
The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those whose lives were affected. (2013福建卷) 【注意】若指物，它可以同of which互换，指人的时候也可以用of whom 代替，但是“of+whom/which”
的结构必须在名词前加the。
Please pass me the book whose color is green.
=Please pass me the book the color of which / of which the color is green.
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.
=They rushed over to help the man the car of whom / of whom the car had broken down.
三、关系副词：
关系副词有when，where和why，分别表示时间、地点和原因，在从句中均充当状语，一般情况下可
以用“介词+关系代词”来替换，如why=for which，where=in/at/on/...which (介词同先行词搭配) ，when=during/on/in/...which (介词同先行词搭配) 。
1. when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first came to this school.
October 1, 1949 was the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded.
2. where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform where visitors can watch the bid glasshouses being built. (2013浙江卷)
He wrote a letter where he explains what had happened in the accident. （2013江西卷）.
3. why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。
Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
The reason why he was punished is unknown to us.
【注意】关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。
Sunday is the day when very few people go to work. （=on which）
That’s the reason why he failed to come to school. （=for which）
Do you know a shop where I can find sandals? （=in which）
四、关系代词和关系副词的选择：
1、判断关系代词还是关系副词，主要依据从句是否缺少主语、宾语或表语，若不缺少这些成分，那么应使用关系副词，倘若缺少这些成分，就使用关系代词。
I will never forget the days (that) we spent in Hangzhou. （从句中spent缺少宾语）
I will never forget the days when we studied in Hangzhou. （从句中不缺少主宾表成分）
The reason (that) he gave for his absence was unbelievable. （从句中gave缺少宾语）
The reason why he was absent at the meeting was not known.（从句中不缺少主宾表成分）
2、特殊先行词的特殊关系词：
（1）当先行词是those, he, anyone, she等时，关系词应使用who，而不是that。
Anyone who is late for class should give a reason.
He who hasn’t reached the Great Wall is not a true man.
（2）way作先行词时，如果从句部分不缺少主宾表成分，那么关系词可以用that，in which 或不用，而从句缺少主宾表成分，则需要用that或者which。
I don’t like the way that/in which/(不填) you talk to me.
This is the best way that they have found to solve the problem.
五、“介词+关系代词”的用法
1、直接跟在介词后面的关系代词只能用which和whom，而不能用that或者who。
The man with whom you talked just now is our manager.
He handed me a pen, with which I wrote down my address for him.
【注意】有时，前面的介词可移到定语从句的中间或后面，此时whom可用who, that代替；which可以用that代替。而且who, whom, which, that都可省略。
The man who/whom you talked with just now is our manager.
He handed me a pen, which I wrote down my address with for him.
2、当先行词是时间、地点、原因时，“介词+ which”可以分别用when, where, why代替。
Last week, I visited Shanghai, in which I made several friends.
=Last week, I visited Shanghai, where I made several friends.
3、介词的选用：
（1）从先行词跟介词的搭配习惯出发。
In front of my house, there is a tree, in which some birds are singing.
（2）从定语从句中的动词、形容词与介词的习惯搭配出发。
Do you know the girl with whom the man talked just now?
（3）从句子的意义出发。
He was educated at a local grammar school, after which he went on to Cambridge.
Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from whose effects the people are still suffering. 4、名词/代词+介词+关系代词
This dictionary, a few pages of which are missing, is of no use.
I have many friends, some of whom are businessmen.
John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of whom are family members（2013重庆卷）
六、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
1、从形式上讲，限定性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开；而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开。that不能用在非限制性定语从句中，非限制性定语从句的关系词都不能省略。
His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week.
The Great Wall, which is famous all over the world, attracts lots of tourists every year.
2、限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意不完整或概念不清；而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。
People who take physical exercise every day live longer. （若把从句去掉句子就失去意义）
My father, who is a doctor, is going to attend a meeting in the USA. （从句只是补充说明一些信息）
3、一般来说，限制性定语从句多半译成汉语的前置定语，修饰其后的先行词，非限制性定语从句则往往译成后置的并列从句，有时其意义差别很大。
My brother who has 3 children lives in Huzhou. （我的有三个孩子的兄弟住在湖州）
My brother, who has 3 children, lives in Huzhou. （我的兄弟住在湖州，他有三个孩子）
4、which引导非限制定语从句有时具有特殊性，它除了可以指代某一个名词或代词之外，还可以指代主句整句话的意义或者主句中的一个概念。
Mary decided to marry John, which made her father angry. (which指代了前面的句子)
He can speak Japanese, which I cannot. (which指代了speak Japanese这个概念)
七、as引导的定语从句
1、as引导的限制性定语从句：当先行词带有such, as, so, the same,等修饰时，常用as引导定语从句。as 作为关系代词，必须在从句中充当主、宾或表等成分，而且不能省略。
I can offer you as much money as you want.
I want to buy the same dress as Joan wears.
He is not such a man as I have expected.
It is so easy an exercise as a child can work out.
2、as引导的非限制定语从句具有特殊性，它可以放在句首、句中或句末，as含有“正如……”的含义。as作为关系代词，必须在从句中充当主、宾或表等成分，不能省略。
As is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.（2013陕西卷）
He passed the mid-term exam, as we had expected.
John, as you know, is a famous writer.
八、特殊的定语从句引导词
1、少数定语从句中，为了使句子意义更加明确，介词后也可以跟关系副词，常见有from where和since when。since when后面的从句部分使用现在完成时。
He stood at the window, from where he could see the beautiful views.
He settled in Huzhou twenty years ago, since when he has lived there.
2、少数定语从句中，which可以用作定语，常见的有by/during which time, in which case, on which occasion, at which point等等，which和后面的名词的构成一般用来指代前面提到的时间或某种场合。
He stayed in Huzhou for 3 weeks, during which time he made friends with the local people.
He may win the competition, in which case he is likely to get into the national team.（2013辽宁卷）
The speaker paused to examine his notes, at which point a loud crash was heard.
九、紧缩式定语从句
在有些定语从句中，如果主从句的主语一致时，可以省略其中的主语和谓语的一部分(主要是情态动词和助动词)，而代之以“介词+关系代词+不定式”的形式。这种紧缩的定语从句的形式是固定的，“介词+关系代词”不能用关系副词来替换。
She had some money in the bank, with which she could help her mother.
=She had some money in the bank, with which to help her mother.
Allow me one minute in which I can change my clothes.
=Allow me one minute in which to change my clothes.
【强化训练】
第一组
1. We should learn from those _______ are always ready to help others.
A. who
B. whom
C. they
D. that
2. Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who _______ in China.
A. works
B. is working
C. are working
D. has been working
3. Tom is the only one of the students who _______ to Shanghai.
A. have gone
B. have been
C. has been
D. had gone
4. I, _______ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.
A. who is
B. who am
C. that is
D. which am
5. The old man has two sons, _______ are lawyers.
A. both of them
B. both of who
C. both of whom
D. both of they
6. He is a man of great knowledge, _______ much can be learned.
A. in whom
B. about whom
C. from whom
D. of whom
7 Do you know the man _______ just now?
A. to who I nodded
B. I nodded to
C. whom I nodded
D. Whom I nodded to him.
8. The man _______ has gone to Japan.
A. whom I told you
B. that I told you
C. whom I told you about him
D. I told you about
9. Please pass me the dictionary _______ cover is black.
A. which
B. its
C. whose
D. which of
10. The radio set _______ last week has been out of order.
A. I bought
B. I bought it
C. which I bought it
D. what I bought
11. All the apples _______ fell down from the tree were eaten up by the pigs.
A. which
B. /
C. that
D. they
12. I can tell you _______ he told me last week.
A. all which
B. all what
C. that all
D. all that
13. This is the biggest lab _______ we have ever built in our university.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. where
14. Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn?
A. that
B. /
C. which
D. what
15. Air, _______ we breathe every day, is around us all the time.
A. that
B. /
C. which
D. it
16. This is the museum _______ we saw an exhibition the other day.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. in that
17. This museum is _______ you visited the other day.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. the one
18. This is the museum _______ you saw the other day.
A. that
B. where
C. in which
D. in that
19. It is the third time _______ late this month.
A. that you arrived
B. when you arrived
C. that you’ve arrived
D. when you’ve arrived
20. It was in 1969 _______ the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.
A. that
B. which
C. in which
D. when
21. We often think of the days _______ we spent together on the island.
A. when
B. which
C. in which
D. during which
22. Have you ever been to Shanghai, _______ I left ten years ago?
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. when
23. He has left Beijing, _______ a meeting is to be held.
A. when
B. where
C. as
D. which
24. This is the very place _______ I’m wishing to live in.
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. in which
25. Is it in that factory _______ “Red Flag” cars are made?
A. in which
B. where
C. that
D. which
26. I have bought the same dress _______ she is wearing.
A. as
B. that
C. which
D. than
27. Can you solve such problems _______ raised by the audience?
A. what were
B. as were
C. that were
D. which were
28. The reason _______ he didn’t come was _______ he was injured.
A. that, because
B. why, that
C. why, because
D. that, that
29. He must be from Africa, _______ can be seen from his skin.
A. that
B. as
C. it
D. what
30. His father died last year, _______ made it impossible for him to go abroad.
A. when
B. which
C. as
D. that
31. _______ is natural, he married Mary.
A. It
B. What
C. Which
D. As
32. The buses, _______ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.
A. most of them
B. most of which
C. which most
D. that most
33. All _______ is needed is a supply of oil.
A. the thing
B. that
C. what
D. which
34. He paid the boy 10 dollars for washing ten windows, most of _______ had not been cleaned for years.
A. these
B. those
C. that
D. which
35. She heard a terrible noise, _______ brought her heart into her mouth.
A. it
B. which
C. this
D. that
36. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person _______ she could turn for help.
A. that
B. who
C. from whom
D. to whom
37. This is one of the means _______ the electric energy is conducted from one place to another.
A. by which
B. by that
C. through which
D. through that
38. The place _______ you are going to visit is the ruin of a place.
A. in which
B. at which
C. where
D. which
39. The last river _______ they crossed is two miles wide.
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. in which
40. The Summer Palace is one of the most beautiful parks _______ built in the Qing Dynasty.
A. where were
B. where was
C. that were
D. which was
第二组
1. That evening, ______ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. when
2. When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. when
3. Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from______ you received gifts?
A. which
B. them
C. that
D. whom
4. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ______help I would never have got this far.
A. who
B. whose
C. whom
D. which
5. After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ______ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.
A. which
B. who
C. where
D. what
6. Care of the soul is a gradual process ______ even the small details of life should be considered.
A. what
B. in what
C. which
D. in which
7. The air quality in the city, ______ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.
A. that
B. it
C. as
D. what
8. It is the third time that she has won the race, ______ has surprised us all.
A. that
B. where
C. which
D. what
9. Maria has written two novels, both of ______ have been made into television series.
A. them
B. that
C. which
D. what
10. Sales director is a position ______ communication ability is just as importance as sales skills.
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. where
11. In our class there are 46 students, ______ half wear glasses.
A. in whom
B. in them
C. of whom
D. of them
12. By 16:30, ______ was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.
A. which
B. when
C. what
D. that
13. We live in an age ______ more information is available with greater ease than ever before.
A. why
B. when
C. to whom
D. on which
14. Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, ______, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.
A. which
B. who
C. where
D. whom
15. Julie was good at German, French and Russian , all of ______ she spoke fluently.
A. who
B. whom
C. which
D. that
16. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ______had taken more than three years.
A. for which
B. with which
C. of which
D. to which
17. Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, ______ the audience can buy ice-cream.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. which
18. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, ______ it will keep for two or three weeks.
A. when
B. which
C. where
D. while
19. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ______ uses it somewhat differently.
A. which
B. what
C. them
D. those
20. A bank is the place ______ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.
A. when
B. that
C. where
D. there
21. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ______ allows them to communicate freely with each other.
A. which
B. where
C. what
D. who
22. The school shop, ______ customers are mainly students, is closed few the holidays.
A. which
B. whose
C. when
D. where
23. The days are gone ______ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
A. when
B. that
C. where
D. which
24. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, ______ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.
A. which
B. where
C. who
D. that
25. The prize will go to the writer ______ story shows the most imagination.
A. that
B. which
C. whose
D. what
26. Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ______ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.
A. this
B. that
C. what
D. which
27. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, ______, of course, make all the others upset.
A. who
B. which
C. what
D. that
28. You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station ______ you can hire to reach your host family.
A. which
B. where
C. when
D. as
29.The old town has narrow streets and small houses ______are built close to each other.
A. they
B. where
C. what
D. that
30. After graduation from high school we will reach a point ______ we have to decide which university to attend.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. where
第三组
1. We went to the West Lake yesterday, ______, not surprisingly, was crowded with visitors from all over the world.
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. when
2. This article may shock some s ensitive readers, ______I offer my apologies in advance.
A. from whom
B. for whom
C. to whom
D. towards whom
3. Britain’s Prince William and Kate Middleton will marry next year in Westminster Abbey, ______ Princess Diana’s funeral was held.
A. when
B. which
C. where
D. as
4. The view ______ many scientists hold is ______ too much emission of carbon dioxide is destructive.
A. what; that
B. that; which
C. that; that
D. which; which
5. This is not the only example of a plane crash ______ everyone but a child died.
A. which
B. where
C. why
D. when
6. The increased monthly pay will benefit more than 23 million migrant workers are currently employed in Guangdong Province..
A. where
B. whose
C. which
D. who
7. In Australia, surfing is a popular sport among young people ______ they can seek excitement and adventure.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. how
8. A good ad often uses words ______ people attach positive meanings.
A. in which
B. to which
C. which
D. that
9. We hope the measures to control house prices,______ are taken by the government, will succeed.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. as
10. They've won their last three matches, ______ I find a bit surprising actually.
A. that
B. when
C. what
D. which
11. I'll never forget the days ______ I learned hard in my senior high school, ______ changed my whole life.
A. that; which
B. when; which
C. which; when
D. that; that
12. The news spread quickly through the village ______ the war had ended, ______ made villagers wild with joy.
A. which; that
B. that; what
C. that; which
D. what; which
13. Barack Obama delivered a speech to 500 local youths during his visit to China, many of ______ were from Fudan University and Tongji University.
A. them
B. whom
C. which
D. those
14. We all agree that the architect the National Grand Theater in Beijing was designed is most creative.
A. for whom
B. by whom
C. with whom
D. from whom
15. This was returned because the person______this letter was addressed had died three years ago.
A. to whom
B. to which
C. which
D. whom
16. Her books were all over the dining table, meant we had to eat in the kitchen.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. it
17. The owner wanted to charge $5,000 for his car, ______ I managed to lower to $3,500.
A. since
B. what
C. which
D. that
18. I still can’t believe m y eyes when I remember the scene the best player should miss the pass.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. how
19. The film brought the hours back to me ______ I was taken good care of in that far- away village.
A. until
B. that
C. when
D. where
20. It was the skills______he had acquired at his training period______enabled him to get such a high post in that world-famous company.
A. that, what
B. what, that
C. that, that
D. that, which
21. We really love Indian food and such occasions are very rare ______ we have so many foods available at such low prices.
A. who
B. which
C. why
D. when
22. Every time he tries to break a record, he reaches a point ______ he feels he cannot physically do any more.
A. what
B. which
C. where
D. when
23. The old lady is said to have three children，two of______studying abroad.
A. whom
B. them
C. all
D. who
24. —What’s the beautiful card, mum?
—Oh, honey, it was the photo of mine ______ was taken ______ stood a high tower.
A. which; that
B. that; where
C. that ; that
D. who; where
25. The English play ______ my students acted at the NewYear’s party was a great success.
A. for which
B. at which
C. in which
D. on which
26. The shop ______ is frequented by young girls sells magazines ______ they learn about the latest fashion.
A. where; that
B. which; that
C. that; which
D. which; where
27. The girl in plain clothes, was wonderfully calm in face of danger, was just sixteen years old.
A. when
B. which
C. what
D. who
28. The World Expo 2010 was held at a time the world was looking for a new kind of balance between nature and cities.
A. when
B. where
C. which
D. that
29. Life is like a long race______we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
A. why
B. what
C. that
D. where
30. She ma y have missed the train, ______ she won’t arrive on time.
A. in which
B. when
C. in which case
D. in that case
Keys1：
01-05 ACCBC 06-10 CBDCA 11-15 CDCAC 16-20 CDACA
21-25 BBBCC 26-30 ABBBB 31-35 DBBDB 36-40 DADCC
Keys2：
01-05 BBDBB 06-10 DCCCD 11-15 CABBC 16-20 CACAC 21-25 ADABC 26-30 DBADD
Keys3：
01-05 BCCCB 06-10 DCBAD 11-15 BCBBA 16-20 ACCCC 21-25 DCBBC 26-30 DDADC
英语高三《定语从句》专项练习含答案
题组一基础过关 I.单句语法填空 1. Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, ________, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society. 2. Care of the soul is a gradual process in ________ even the small details of life should be considered. 3. That evening, ________ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. 4. Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths. 5. Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, ________ made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true. 6. The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, ________ he remembers starting as early as his childhood. 7. Finally he reached a lonely island ________ was completely cut off from the outside world. II. 用适当的关系词填空 1. Do you remember the scene ________ Cao Cao and Liu Bei were drinking? 2. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. 3. I will never forget the days ________ I was taken good care of in that village. 4. Do you know the reason John is so angry? 5. None of us know the reason ________ Tom was absent from the meeting. 6. The reason he explained at the meeting for his absence didn’t make sense. 7. I still remember the night she left the house. 8. However, this was a time one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. 9. Today we have reached a stage we have almost no rights at all. 10. The days are gone physical strength was all you needed to make a living. 题组二能力提升 I．单项填空 ( ) 1.This year’s children’s party, ________ some parents were invited to, was a great success. A.which B.why C.whose D.where ( ) 2.The death of the closest relatives, ________ almost every one of us has experienced, always makes people feel bitter and unbearable. A.which B.who C.as D.the one ( ) 3.—Have you heard any news about Sarah? —Yes, she was promoted to president of her company, ________ surprised everyone.
高中英语复习专题：定语从句(含知识要点,典型例题和解析)
高中英语复习专题：定语从句 一．概述 She is the girl who likes singing . 她是个喜欢唱歌的女孩。 ↓ ↓ ↘ 先行词 引导词 定语从句 定语从句：在句中作定语，修饰主句中的一个名词或代词，通常出现在先行词之后，由引导词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。只作整个句子的一个成份，起修饰和说明的作用。 关系代词：在从句中可作主语、宾语或定语 关系副词：在从句中作地点、时间或原因状语 结构： 主句的先行词 + 引导词（关系代词或关系副词）引导的定语从句 ↓ ↓ 二. 关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which, as 的基本用法 1. who ：在从句中作主语，只可指人 ①The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.
经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语） ②Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.任何犯法的人都应受到惩罚。（作主语） 2. whom：who的宾格，在从句中作宾语，只可指人 ①Who is the teacher whom Li Ming is talking to？正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？ ②The professor whom you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 3. whose：属格，在从句中作定语，可指人或物。 ①Who is the girl whose father is a doctor? 父亲是医生的那个女孩是谁？ ②I want the book whose cover is red. 我要封面是红色的那本书。 ③I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 【★】指人/物时，常用下列结构来代替whose+n.= the+n.+of which/ the+n.+of whom 或of which+the+n./ of whom+the+n. ①她就是我们班上发音最好的学生。 She is the student whose pronunciation is the best in our class. the pronunciation of whom is the best in our class. of whom the pronunciation is the best in our class. ②你看到窗户破了的房子吗？ Do you notice the house whose window is broken? the window of which is broken? of which the window is broken? 4. that：作主语、★宾语（可省略），可指人或物 ①Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语） ②China is not the country that she used to be.中国已经不是过去的中国了。(that作主语) ③The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语可省略） 5. which：作主语、★宾语（可省略），指物 ①Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。（作主语） ②The film （which）we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语） ③This is the pen (which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。（作宾语）
(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关
高中英语 定语从句教学设计优质课
T e a c h i n g D e s i g n Grammar — The Attributive Clause (I) (who, whom, which, that, whose) 淅川二高贾丽君 I. Teaching aims: 1. Help students understand what the Attributive Clause is and its function. 2. Enable students to use relative pronouns (who, whom, which, that, whose) in the Attributive Clause properly. 3. Encourage students to express their love to fathers using the Attributive Clause. II. Teaching important and difficult points: Enhance students’ proficiency and accuracy in using the relative pronouns to write the Attributive Clauses. III. Teaching methods: Task-based teaching method; Audio-lingual method; Cooperative learning; Group discussion IV. Teaching steps: Step I：Lead in 1. Guess a riddle. This is a man who loves us very much. This is a man whose love is as great as a mother’s.
高中英语语法定语从句总结全
高中英语定语从句详解 Ⅰ、概念: (１) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语得从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词（antｅcedｅｎt)后面。 (2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰得成份。先行词可以为一个词,短语，或整个主句。 (3)引导定语从句得词叫关系词,分为关系代词与关系副词。 关系词得作用: 1) 引导定语从句，连接主句与从句,相当于一个连词; ２) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语，状语) 常用得关系代词: ｔhat、wｈｉcｈ、wｈo、whom、wｈosｅ,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，关系代词可以省略。 常用得关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when(时间状语）、why(原因状语)、wｈe ｒｅ（地点状语） 可以修饰人得关系代词:thａt, ｗho，wｈｏｍ,whosｅ 可以修饰事得关系代词:tｈat, whｉcｈ, as，whose, The studeｎt who answerｅd ｔhe ｑuestion was John、 Ｉkｎow thｅｒeasoｎwhy he wａｓso angｒy、 The bｏy （wｈom) ｙou are taｌkｉnｇｔo is myｂrotｈｅｒ、 Ｉ'd likｅ a ｒoｏｍwhose window fａｃesｔｈe sea、 定语从句三步： 第一找出先行词; 第二瞧先行词在定语从句中得语法功能（做主语、宾语、表语或状语); 第三选择合适得关系词。 Ⅱ、几个关系代词得基本用法: ●tｈat:可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。(指人时,相当于whｏ或wｈｏｍ;指物时,相当于whiｃh)（一般不用于非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语) 如: 1、A lｅtteｒthaｔ／which is wrｉtｔen in peｎcｉl is diffiｃult ｔo ｒead、（主语) 2、Do yｏu kｎｏw tｈe gentleman ｔhａｔ/ｗｈｏspoke just ｎｏw? 3、Ｙou can takｅａnything ( ｔhat)you like、(宾语) 4、Whaｔｉs thｅquestiｏｎ(ｔhat/whｉｃh) they aｒｅｔalｋing about? 5、Hｅreｉs theｍan （wｈo／whom/ｔhat) yｏu want tｏsee、 6、Ｓhe＇s no longeｒthe girl( that) sｈeｕsｅd to ｂe befｏre、（表语） 7、Ｏuｒhometｏwn iｓno ｌonger ｔhｅoｎe (thａt)it usｅｄto ｂe、(=Ｏｕr homeｔｏｗn iｓｎot tｈe sａｍe as it uｓed tｏｂe、 = Our hｏmｅtｏwn is diffeｒenｔfrom what iｔｕｓｅｄtｏｂe。 =Ouｒhometｏｗn ｉs notｗhａt it uｓed to ｂe、) ●which：指物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语。如： 1、Thｅboｏk which/thａｔwas ｏn the ｄeｓkｗａsｂought bｙｍy fatｈer、(主语) 2、Tｈｅboｏk(whiｃh/tｈaｔ) Ｉｂｏught yesteｒdaｙｉs very
高中英语定语从句知识点难点与考点解析
高中英语语法重点难点回顾――定语从句 用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词 句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句 代替人代替物代替人或物 主语Who which that 主语Whom which that 宾语Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which) 例1：This is the detective who came from London. 例2：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy. 例3：The desk whose leg is broken is very old. 例4：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in. 2．关系代词的用法 (1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如： All the people that are present burst into tears. (2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。例如： (3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如： There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom are well educated. (4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如：He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. (5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。 (6) which可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征．品性或才能的人。Which 引导的定语从句可以限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。 (7) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who。 (8) 先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that。例如： The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely. (9) 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用who 或whom，不用which。例如：Is there anyone here who will go with you? 3．“介词＋关系代词“是一个普遍使用的结构
高一英语定语从句讲解精华版
定语从句 一、基本概念： 定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week （二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born
(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2．非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.
高中英语定语从句几个难点的教学
高中英语定语从句几个难点的教学 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）即从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。定语从句是高中语法的重要组成部分，也是历年高考考查的重点。虽然学生在初中就已经初步接触了定语从句，但是由于定语从句的关系词有多样性，先行词比较复杂，且从句本身的位置非常灵活的特点，所以学生会遇到很到让他们感到束手无策的定语从句问题。在笔者的教学实践中发现，大多数学生在关系词的确定，as既能引导限定性定语从句也能引导非限定性定语从句，“名词/代词/数词/比较级或最高级+of+关系代词”引导的定语从句及定语从句和其它从句的区别上等方面困惑较大。本文从以上几个方面进行反思。 一：引导定语从句的关系词的确定 正确选择关系词是掌握定语从句的关键。引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, 和as。引导定语从句的关系副词有where, when, 和why。学生的困惑就在于碰到地点，时间，还有原因类的先行词时，就不知道是用关系代词还是关系副词了。例如： Group1：a) Is this the factory you visited last week? b) Is this the factory your father worked ten years ago? Group2：a) The day she spent with us was never to be forgotten. b) The day she played with us was never to be forgotten. 要准确地解决上面的两组问题，只要弄清楚一点，即关系词在定语从句中所充当的句 通过分析上面四个定语从句，我们很快就可以找出正确答案。Group1: a) that/which b) where Group2: a) that/which b) when 二：as既能引导限定性定语从句也能引导非限定性定语从句 学生对非限定性定语从句掌握得最好的是which引导的非限定性定语从句。as虽然在高中课本中和各类考题中都有出现，但教材上的语法归纳却涉及很少，是学生在定语从句学习中的一个盲点。但是as引导的定语从句也不难掌握。
高中英语定语从句专项练习题
定语从句专项练习2018.1.16 1. The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2. Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3. This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4. Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5. That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6. The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7. Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8. This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9. Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10. The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12. The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13. It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14. I’m interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15. I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16. He isn't such a man ______he used to be.
高中英语定语从句 例句
高中英语定语从句练习 1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.
高一英语定语从句讲解精华版完整版
高一英语定语从句讲解 精华版 HUA system office room 【HUA16H-TTMS2A-HUAS8Q8-HUAH1688】
定语从句 一、基本概念：定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week
（二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born (三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts.
高一英语定语从句教案
高一英语定语从句教案 一、基本概念 1. 定语从句： 修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2. 先行词： 被定语从句修饰的名词 3. 关系词： 引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as；关系副词有where, when, why。关系词常有3个作用：1）引导定语从句。2）代替先行词。3）在定语从句中担当一个成分。 二、关系代词和关系副词的意义及用法 指人：who, that,(指人常用who,不常用that) 主语 指物：which, that 指人：whom, who, that（who常用在在非正式和口语体中） 宾语(关系代词作宾语时常可省略) 关系代词指物：which, that 定语：whose （whose + n.=of which + n. ） 关系词 时间：when 关系副词----状语地点：where = 介词+ which 原因：why 解题技巧：关键看从句缺何种成分 三、例句练习讲解 1.Yesterday I helped an old man ＿lost his way.昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 2.The man ＿you met just now is my friend. 你刚才见到的那个人是我的朋友。 3.This is the pen ＿he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的笔。 4.He has a friend ＿father is a doctor. 他有个父亲是医生的朋友。 注意：whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替，例： 门坏了的那间教室很快就会被修好。 The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. 你喜欢那本封面是黄色的书吗？ Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 5.I still remember the day ＿I first came to this school.我仍然记得第一次来到这学校 的那一天。 6.Shanghai is the city ＿I was born. 上海市我出生的地方。 7.Please tell me the reason ＿you missed the plane. 请告诉我你错过航班的原因。 注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+which”引导的从句替换 8.易错题：This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起而做错题。