高中英语定语从句详解
高中英语语法定语从句总结全
高中英语定语从句详解Ⅰ、概念:(１) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语得从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧接在先行词（antｅcedｅｎt)后面。
(2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰得成份。
先行词可以为一个词,短语，或整个主句。
(3)引导定语从句得词叫关系词,分为关系代词与关系副词。
关系词得作用:1) 引导定语从句，连接主句与从句,相当于一个连词;２) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语，状语)常用得关系代词: ｔhat、wｈｉcｈ、wｈo、whom、wｈosｅ,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，关系代词可以省略。
常用得关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when(时间状语）、why(原因状语)、wｈe ｒｅ（地点状语）可以修饰人得关系代词:thａt, ｗho，wｈｏｍ,whosｅ可以修饰事得关系代词:tｈat, whｉcｈ, as，whose,The studeｎt who answerｅd ｔhe ｑuestion was John、Ｉkｎow thｅｒeasoｎwhy he wａｓso angｒy、The bｏy （wｈom) ｙou are taｌkｉnｇｔo is myｂrotｈｅｒ、Ｉ'd likｅ a ｒoｏｍwhose window fａｃesｔｈe sea、定语从句三步：第一找出先行词;第二瞧先行词在定语从句中得语法功能（做主语、宾语、表语或状语);第三选择合适得关系词。
Ⅱ、几个关系代词得基本用法:●tｈat:可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。
(指人时,相当于whｏ或wｈｏｍ;指物时,相当于whiｃh)（一般不用于非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语) 如:1、A lｅtteｒthaｔ／which is wrｉtｔen in peｎcｉl is diffiｃult ｔo ｒead、（主语)2、Do yｏu kｎｏw tｈe gentleman ｔhａｔ/ｗｈｏspoke just ｎｏw?3、Ｙou can takｅａnything ( ｔhat)you like、(宾语)4、Whaｔｉs thｅquestiｏｎ(ｔhat/whｉｃh) they aｒｅｔalｋing about?5、Hｅreｉs theｍan （wｈo／whom/ｔhat) yｏu want tｏsee、6、Ｓhe＇s no longeｒthe girl( that) sｈeｕsｅd to ｂe befｏre、（表语）7、Ｏuｒhometｏwn iｓno ｌonger ｔhｅoｎe (thａt)it usｅｄto ｂe、(=Ｏｕr homeｔｏｗn iｓｎot tｈe sａｍe as it uｓed tｏｂe、= Our hｏmｅtｏwn is diffeｒenｔfrom what iｔｕｓｅｄtｏｂe。
高中英语语法定语从句总结
定语从句总结先行词为人时：关系代词从句中缺主语时，who；that；不能省略从句缺宾语，who; that ;whom，可省略；（介词后只能跟whom）从句缺定语指代’s ，whose先行词为物时：关系代词从句缺主语时，which；that；不能省略从句缺宾语时，which；that；可省略；（介词后只能跟which）从句缺定语指代’s，whose先行词为时间：从句缺时间状语时，关系副词when(也可prep+which)从句缺主语宾语时，which；that先行词为地点：从句缺地点状语时，关系副词where(也可prep+which) 从句缺主语宾语时，which；that先行词为reason：从句缺原因状语时，why / for which从句缺主语宾语时，which；that非限制性定语从句(带,的定语从句)1.As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.2.It rained hard yesterday, which prevented me from going to the park．(which 指代前面这个事)3. He keeps a diary, which everybody knows.(which 指代know的宾语)(1)as 引导的定语从句可置于句首,which不可。
(2)as常带有“正如”的意思As we know , smoking is harmful to one's health.As is know n, smoking is harmful to one's health.It is known that smoking is harmful. (主语从句)(3)the same… as；such…as 中的as 是固定结构,I have got into the same trouble as he (has).特别说明：1常考名词的定语从句：case，point，stage，situation；定语从句中主语宾语齐全用where；定语从句中缺主语宾语用which或that2 way做先行词，定语从句中的关系词用that; in which;不填3 用逗号隔开，起补充说明作用的非限制限制性定语从句，无论先行词是什么，都不用that4 众所周知：As is known(to all)，…It is known (to all)that5 正如As was reported, (It was reported that)As was announced,As was expected,As we planned,As can be seen,只能用that, 不能用which引导定语从句的情况a)不定代词，如：anything,nothing, everything, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时Finally, the thief handed everythingthat he had stolen to the police.b) the only, the very, the just修饰先行词时He is the very man that helped thegirl out of the water.c)先行词为序数词(the first, the last)数词、形容词最高级时The first English book that heHad read was "Gone with the wind"d)先行词既有人，又有物时He talked about the teachers and schools that he visited.e)关系代词在从句中做表语He is not the man that he used to be.。
英语语法高中定语从句知识点归纳总结
英语语法高中定语从句知识点归纳总结定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要概念，它在句子中起到修饰名词或代词的作用。
在高中英语学习中，掌握定语从句的使用方法和规则对于提高语言表达能力和理解能力非常关键。
本文将对高中英语定语从句的知识点进行归纳总结。
一、定语从句的定义和作用定语从句是一个句子，它修饰一个名词或代词，用来给出更多的信息，进一步描述或限定该名词或代词的特定内容。
定语从句可以用来修饰人、事、物、地点等。
它在句子中的作用是为主句提供更多的信息，使句子更具体、更有表达力。
二、定语从句的引导词1.关系代词：定语从句中常用的关系代词有：- 人：who，whom，whose- 物：which，that，whose- 人或物：as，where，when2.关系副词：定语从句中常用的关系副词有：- 地点：where- 时间：when- 原因：why三、定语从句的基本结构定语从句的基本结构为：关系代词/副词 + 主句。
其中，关系代词或副词在定语从句中担任主语、宾语、表语或定语的作用。
四、定语从句的几个常见类型1.限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句用来对先行词进行进一步的限定，它的信息是先行词不可或缺的一部分。
限制性定语从句与主句之间没有逗号隔开，通常使用关系代词that，也可使用which或who。
例子:The book that you borrowed from me is very interesting.你从我这里借的那本书非常有趣。
2.非限制性定语从句：非限制性定语从句用来对先行词进行附加说明，它的信息只是对先行词的附加补充，可以省略而不影响句子的整体意思。
非限制性定语从句与主句之间用逗号隔开，通常使用关系代词which，也可使用who。
例子:The weather, which was sunny and warm, made our picnic very enjoyable.天气晴朗温暖，使得我们的野餐非常愉快。
高中英语定语从句全面详细讲解
定语从句一定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词之后.2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词.关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who，whom，whose, as等;关系副词有when，where，why等The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.注意:弄清楚关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分，是掌握定语从句、选择好关系词的关键.二关系代词引导的定语从句1。
who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way。
昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
That is the teacher who teaches us physics。
那就是教我们物理的老师。
2。
whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略，在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替。
Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see。
李明正是我想要见的男孩。
The professor （whom）you are waiting for has come。
你正在等的教授已经来了。
The girl （whom) the teacher often praises is our monitor。
老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。
3.which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys。
足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。
高中英语定语从句详解绝对经典课件
A. which
B. who
C. when
由Which 引导的定语从句，在句中做主语\ 宾语
14. All _____ is needed is a supply of oil.
A. which
Байду номын сангаас
B. that
C. what
15. Finally, the thief handed everything ____
( 宾语 )
1. who, whom, whose, that 用法区别. ① who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.
The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.
The man is a worker. 分解
The man is speaking at the meeting. 作主语
which 作定语从句的主语或宾语.
可省略
This is a truck which / that is made in
China.
作主语
I like the book (which / that) you bought
yesterday.
作宾语
3. 只能用that的情况
Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.
found.
A. which
B. who C. what
that
12、The room in ___ there are many books is
mine. 介词提前时只能用 which
A. that
B. who C. which
13、This is the pen ____ he bought yesterday.
高中英语语法复习——定语从句(共45张ppt)
2、先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或 者代词叫做先行词。定语从句通常 置于它所修饰的成分之后。
eg: The boy who is playing basketball is my younger brother.
3、关系词：引导定语从句的关联词就叫关系 词。
A. 把从句和主句中被修饰的先行词连接在 一起．
2. I think the day will finally come______ air pollution can be put under control. A. that B. which C. when D. as
3. This is the store______ we visited the famous shop assistant. A. where B. there C. that D. which
结构分析： 系词所指代的先行词在句中作 know的宾语。
4. I don’t like the way _____ you speak to her. A. / B. that C. in which D. all A, B and C
特别注意!（5）
在实践中会遇到很多形似定语从句的句子，要 注意定语从句与其它从句的结构上的细微差别, 能够正确区分使用它们.
couldn’t be found.
A. that
B.where C. in which D. in that
The places couldn’t be found.可知关 系词所指代的先行词在句中作主语。
结构分析：
3. This is the reason ______ he has always been eager to know for these years. A. which B. why C. for which D. because He has always been eager to know the reason for these years.可知关
高中英语语法讲解定语从句课件(共53张PPT)
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
The girl her we saw
yesterday is Mary.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
1.that 与which
1.This is the best TV _______ that is made in China. that he 2.The first museum _______ visited in China was the History Museum.
先行词被形容词最高级 或序数词修饰时，引导 定语从句多用that 。
引导定语从句用that .
1.that 与which 1.Who that _______ you have ever
know can do it better ?
Who做先行词时， 引导定语从句用 that
1.that 与which
1.Her bag, in ________ which she put all her money, has been stolen. which she 2.This is the ring on ________ spent 1000 dollars. 3.Xiao Wang , with ________ I went whom to the concert, enjoy it very mue is such a lazy man_____ nobody wants to work with______. A. as; him B. that; / C. as; / D. whom; him 2. Mrs. Black took the police back to____ place ____ she witnessed the robbery. A. the same; as B. the same; where C. the same ; that D. as the same; as
高中英语语法-定语从句详解(共111张PPT)
her The girl we saw
yesterday is Mary.
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
her The girl we saw
yesterday is Mary.
Join the following sentences:
哪个关联词
句子结构分析 各种从句的区别 关联词的选用
句子成分&结构
句子结构分析
抓主干
1. I like popular music. 2. The girl laughed in her room. 3. The plane crashed and killed all 200
people aboard. 4. He was adopted when he was 13. 5. We offered him our congratulations. 6. I can’t stand staying at home all day
• Have you seen the film Titanic, _____ leading actor is world famous?
A. its
B. it’s
C. whose
D. which
which
• China is an ancient country of civilization which has a history of more than 5, 000 years.
our school.
1. Women often go shopping.
2. I have worked hard on my English for quite a few years.
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的用法
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的用法定语从句是英语中常见的一种从句。
它用来对主句中的名词或代词进行修饰和限定，使语言更加精确和具体。
本文将对高中英语中关于定语从句的用法进行归纳总结。
一、定语从句的概念定语从句是一个以关系词引导的从句，修饰或限定前面的名词或代词，起到进一步解释、补充信息的作用。
关系词包括：who、whom、which、whose、that等。
二、定语从句的引导词1. 关系代词who指代人，whom在从句中做宾语，which指代物，可以指代整个主句或从句中的一个成分，that既可以指人也可以指物。
2. 关系副词where表示地点，when表示时间，why表示原因。
三、定语从句的位置1. 当修饰主句中的主语时，定语从句位于被修饰名词之后。
例句：The boy who is playing football is my brother.（正在踢足球的那个男孩是我弟弟。
）2. 当修饰主句中的宾语时，定语从句位于被修饰名词之后。
例句：I bought a book which was written by J.K. Rowling.（我买了一本J.K.罗琳写的书。
）3. 当修饰主句中的宾语时，定语从句位于被修饰名词之前。
例句：I saw the girl whom I met yesterday.（我看到了昨天遇到的那个女孩。
）四、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1. 限制性定语从句用来对名词进行修饰和限定，如果去掉不影响主句的完整性。
被从句修饰的名词不能省略。
例句：The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.（昨天我买的那本书非常有趣。
）2. 非限制性定语从句用来对名词进行陈述和补充说明，去掉会影响句子的意思和完整性。
被从句修饰的名词可以省略。
例句：Tom, who is a doctor, works in a hospital.（汤姆是个医生，在一家医院工作。
高中英语语法基础 ——定语从句知识点总结归纳讲解(附同步练习)(有答案)
高中英语语法基础——定语从句知识点归纳讲解（附同步练习）★先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
通常情况下，引导词前面的名词即为从句的先行词。
★关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
也可以称作引导词。
①关系代词：who，whom，which，that，whose，as，在从句内作主语、宾语等名词性成分。
②关系副词：when，where，why在从句内作状语。
（一）. 使用who、whom、which、that的定语从句1. whoThis is the boy who plays basketball very well.This is the teacher who is teaching us English.▲who 指人, 在从句中作主语。
2. whomThis is the boy (whom) I often help.The man is our headmaster (whom) you met just now.I met the girl (whom) you often praise.▲whom 指人,在从句中作宾语, 可省略。
3. whichThis is the farm which keeps many cows.This is the farm (which ) I visit every year.▲which 指事物, 在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。
4. that以上三种情况均可用that。
指人或指物，可作主语和宾语，作宾语时可省略。
（二）. 使用whose的定语从句Do you know the girl whose father is mayor.I used to work in an office whose window faces north.I work in a school whose students are excellent.▲whose 指人或物的所属关系，表示“某人的”或“某物的”。
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的用法及常见引导词
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的用法及常见引导词定语从句是高中英语语法中的一个重要部分，它能够用来修饰名词或代词。
本文将对定语从句的用法及常见引导词进行系统的归纳和总结。
一、定语从句的概念和作用定语从句由一个句子引导另一个句子，它的作用是为主句中的名词或代词提供限定信息，进一步描述或解释主句中的内容。
定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后。
二、定语从句的引导词1. 关系代词：关系代词用于引导定语从句，并在从句中充当主语、宾语或介词宾语。
常见的关系代词有：who、whom、whose、which、that等。
例如：The boy who is standing over there is my brother.（那个站在那边的男孩是我弟弟。
）2. 关系副词：关系副词用于引导定语从句，修饰地点、时间或原因等。
常见的关系副词有：where、when、why等。
例如：This is the place where we met last time.（这是上次我们见面的地方。
）三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句1. 限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句用来对先行词进行限定，如果去掉它，主句的意思就不完整，从句不能省略。
例如：The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.（我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
）2. 非限制性定语从句：非限制性定语从句用来对先行词进行补充或说明，如果去掉它，主句的意思仍然完整，从句用逗号隔开。
例如：Tom, who is my best friend, will come to my birthday party.（汤姆，我的好朋友，会来参加我的生日派对。
）四、定语从句的位置定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后，可以放在句首、句中或句末。
例如：The woman who is talking to the teacher is my mother.（正在和那个老师谈话的女人是我妈妈。
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句与主语从句的区别
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句与主语从句的区别定语从句与主语从句是高中英语中常见的从句结构，它们在使用和功能上有着明显的区别。
本文将针对这两个从句的概念、用法和区别进行详细的归纳。
一、定语从句定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句，它对被修饰的名词或代词起到进一步解释、限定或补充的作用。
定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导，其中关系代词包括：that, which, who, whom, whose等；关系副词包括：where, when, why等。
定语从句一般紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后。
1. 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句可以在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语和状语等成分。
以下是一些例子：- The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.- I have a friend who is good at playing basketball.- This is the house which was built last year.2. 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句一般修饰地点、时间和原因等名词或代词，其中where表示地点，when表示时间，why表示原因。
以下是一些例子：- I still remember the place where we met for the first time.- Do you know the reason why she didn't come to the party?- This is the time when we should work harder.二、主语从句主语从句是用来充当句子的主语的从句，它在句子中起到句子的主语的作用。
主语从句通常由连接词that引导，但有时也可以由连接词whether或if引导。
主语从句通常位于句首作为主句的主语，或者位于动词后作为主句的宾语。
高中英语定语从句讲解
第十七页，共43页。
4.非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。
I like the book, which was bought yesterday. 我喜欢这本书，这是昨天买的。
第十四页，共43页。
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
形 式
不用逗号“ ，”与主句 隔开
用逗号“ ，”与主句隔开
是先行词不可缺少的定 意 语，如删除，主句则失 义 去意义或意思表达不完
整
只是对先行词的补充说明， 如删除，主句仍能表达完整 的意思。
译 译成先行词的定语： 法 “……的 ”
This is my pair of glasses, ___w_i_t_h_o_uwt hich I cannot see clearly.
第二十五页，共43页。
Part Ⅴ
as与which 引导定语 从句的区别
第二十六页，共43页。
as和which的区别
as和which都可以代指前面的先行词或整个句子，在 从句中作主语，或用作及物动词的宾语，如，
6. This is the park _w_h_e_r_e/_in__w_h_ic_h_you took photos last Sunday.
7. That was the reason__w_h_y_/f_or__w_h_ichhe looked old.
第七页，共43页。
PartⅡ
通常只能使用that或 which的场合
3.I live in the house ____w_h_o_se__windows face south. 4.He is such a person_____a_s __we like very much.
高中英语定语从句讲解
定语从句Ⅰ. 概念：(1) 定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
(2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。
先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。
(3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词的作用：1) 引导定语从句；2) 必在定语从句中担当一个成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语）；3）代替先行词。
常用的关系代词: that,which,who,whom,whose常用的关系副词(在从句中只作状语) when、why、where 定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关系词。
Ⅱ. 关系代词：●that: 可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语，在从句中作宾语时常可省略。
(指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which)(不能用于非限制性定语从句; that前不能有介词) 如：1.What is the question (that/which) they are talking about? 2. Here is the man ( who/whom/that ) you want to see.●which: 指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语，做宾语时可省略。
如：The book (which/that) I bought yesterday is very interesting.（宾语）●who, whom, whose: who:在从句中作主语、宾语，只可指人。
whom:在从句中作宾语，只可指人。
whose:在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物。
1.All who heard the story were amazed. (先行词是any, those, all,one,ones时用who)2.He's a man (whom/who/that) we should learn from.（宾语）3.A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.（人）4.I'd like a room whose window faces south. （物）▲关系代词作介词宾语: 关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时, 介词可放于从句之首, 也可放于从句之末. 但以放于句首较为正式.（介词前置，必须注意不影响动词词组的含义。
高中英语语法：定语从句深层讲解(含四部分)
定语从句讲解一、详细的定语从句讲解定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。
状语从句分为时间状语从句，结果状语从句，让步状语从句，原因状语从句，条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。
名词从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句及there be句型。
（一）限定性定语从句1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。
而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句6. when引导定语从句表示时间〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导（二）非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分2. 在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at whichAttitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。
高中英语-定语从句讲解
一、定语从句概述定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。
在句子中起定语作用的从句称为定语从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
二关系词的用法。
关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词指代先行词，放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又充当定语从句中的某一种成分（主语、宾语、状语等）。
引导定语从句的关系代词有"at，who，whom，whose，which;关系副词有when，where，why等。
关系词在句子中的指代作用及成分如下表1.关系代词的用法(1)who, whom的用法二者都用于指人。
who在定语从句中作主语、宾语;whom在定语从句中作宾语。
在现代英语里，有时who也可代替whom在从句中作宾语。
作宾语的关系代词who，whom可以省略(介词后作宾语的关系代词除外）。
She was the one who did most of the talking。
大部分时间都是她在说话。
（作主语） The boy who I know studies best in his class.我认识的那个男孩在班上学习最好。
（作宾语）I happened to meet the professor (who/whom) I got to knowat a party. 我碰巧遇见了那位在一次聚会上认识的教授。
（作宾语，whom可用who 代替)whom在从句中作介词的宾语，且介词提到whom前面时，不能用who 代替。
Yesterday I came across a few friends with whom I went to the park.昨天我碰见了几个朋友，我和他们一起去了公园。
（句中的whom 不能用who 代替）whose可以指人也可以指物，在定语从句中作定语。
高中英语定语从句详解及习题精炼附答案
定语从句一、知识框架二、知识梳理一）定义(1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧接在先行词后面。
(2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。
先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。
(3) 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词的作用：1) 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词；2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语）关系代词（在从句中作主语，宾语，表语，宾补，定语）: that、which、who、whom、whose、as关系副词（在从句中只作状语）: when、why、where二）关系代词的用法在定语从句中关系代词起着连接主句与从句、指代先行词和在从句中作句子成分的三重作用。
关系代1. 关系代词who, whom和that的用法三者都可用于指代人，但在用法上存在差别。
who和whomwho可以代替人（即它的先行词必须是人），在从句中可以担任主语，往往也可以代替在从句中担任宾格的whom（常可省略）。
但它的前面不能有介词，如果带介词则必须用宾格whom,即“介词+whom”。
Johnny is a person who always has novel ideas.The girl who won the first prize is from Zhejiang.The person who/whom you just talked to is Mr Depp.= The person to whom you just talked is Mr Depp.We’ll go to the hospital to see the patients, most of whom are children.who和that在定语从句中who和that指代人时常可以通用，但在下列情况中只能用who,而不能用that。
(1)先行词是one, ones和anyone时，宜用who。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
高中英语定语从句详解定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关系词。
(1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。
(2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。
先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。
(3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词的作用：1) 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词；2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语）常用的关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose、as (其中whose只能做定语,which和what也可以做定语)常用的关系副词（在从句中只作状语）: when、why、whereEx.) He was late .That's because he got up late..He got up late. That's why he was late.(表语从句)(the reason) why/for which he was late. (定语从句)比较：Here is so big a stone as no one can lift. （定语从句）Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.（结果状语从句）There are occasions when joking is not permissible.●关系代词作介词宾语:关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时, 介词可放于从句之首, 也可放于从句之末. 但以放于句首较为正式.（介词前置，必须注意不影响动词词组的含义。
关系代词who 和that 用作介词宾语时, 介词必须放在句末.）This is the book for which you asked.=This is the book (that/which) you asked for.This is the girl whom they are looking after. (介词after与look构成固定词组，不可前置。
look at, look for, look after, take care of等)当先行词为way时，定语从句常用that, in which,或how引导，that常可以省略。
way后的定语从句的引导词不用时较多。
但如果关系词在句中作主语或宾语时，则用which或that 引导。
如:This is the way (that) /in which I do such things.比较: Please do the experiment in the way （that/which）I have shown you.Ⅳ. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：1. 形式上，非限制性定语从句往往用逗号隔开。
2. 语法上，非限制性定语从句一般不用that.3. 语义上，限制性定语从句与先行词关系紧密，起限定作用，如果去掉了这个定语从句，整个句子就不完整或者会改变意思；而非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不是很紧密，对先行词起补充说明或描述的作用。
This is the book I like best. 这就是我最喜欢的那本书。
Beijing, which has been China's capital for more than 800 years , is rich in cultural and historic relics. 北京是中国八百年之久的古都，它有着丰富的文化和历史遗产。
4. 翻译时，限制性定语从句可译为一句（较短的一般译为"的"字结构）；而非限制性定语从句可译为两句。
（见上句翻译）比较: He has a sister, who is a musician.He has a sister who is a musician.引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词，指人时用who, whom, whose , 指物时用which , whose; 关系副词when，where, why, etc.1. He studied hard at school when he was young, which leads to his success in his later life.2. Tom's father, who arrived just now, is a famous scientist.3. They set up a separate state of their own, where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves.4. He was proud, which his brother never was.Ⅴ. 几个易混淆的关系代词的比较:●that & which:在定语从句中，which 和that 在指代事物时，一般可以互换使用，但并非在任何情况下都是这样，这里介绍宜用that, 而不宜用which 的情况.①先行词为不定代词,all,much,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等,1.We should do all that is useful to the people .2.There's nothing that can be said about it .3.Do you mean the one that was bought yesterday?②先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等词修饰时。
1.The only thing that we could do was to wait.2.That's the very word that is wrongly used.The last place (that) we visited was the chemical works.You can take any (=whichever) seat that is free.I hope the little thing that I can do will be of some help to them.比较*This is one of the best novels that were published last year.*This is the only one of the best novels that was published last year.③先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时。
1.When we talk about Wuxi, the first that comes into mind is Tai Lake.2.This is the third film that has been shown in our school this term.④先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。
1.This is the best that can be done now.2.The most important thing that should be done right now is how to stop him from going on.⑤先行词既有人又有物，用which和who都不适合，这时宜用that. 如：1.The writer and his novel that you have just talked about is really well known .2.The rider and his bike that had run over an old woman were held up by the police.⑥被修饰词为数词时.1.Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water .Now you can see the two that are still alive .⑦如果有两个从句，其中一个关系代词已用which ,另一个关系代词宜用that，以避免语言的单调或重复。
Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.⑧疑问词是who或which，关系代词宜用that，以避免重复。
1. Which is the book that you like best?2. Who is the man that is standing at the gate?⑨主句是There be 结构，修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词. 如：1. There is still a seat in the corner that is still free.⑩被修饰成分为表语时，或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that .1. That's a good book that will help you a lot.2. My home village is no longer the place ( that ) it used to be .定语从句中宜用which而不宜用that 的情况:①当关系代词的前面有介词时.1.A zoo is a park in which many kinds of animals are kept for exhibition.2.Is this the room in which Mr. White lives?②在非限制性定语从句中.1.Crusoe's dog, which was are now very old, became ill and died .2.More and more people are beginning to learn English, which is becoming very popular in our country. (which指代主句)③在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that, 另一个宜用which .1. Let me show you the novel，that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.2. At the station I bought some magazines that might help me to pass the time on the train and which I could pass on to others when I finished them.④当关系代词后面带有插入语时.1. Here's the English grammar which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.⑤先行词本身是that, 宜用which .What's that which she is looking at?⑥先行词是those+复数名词.A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.(B) who & that:who 和that 指代人时，有些情况宜用who, 而不宜用that①先行词为anyone, anybody, those, all, one, ones, they, he, people时. 如：1.The person I want to learn from is the one who studies hard and works well.2.Anyone who (=Whoever) failed to come to the meeting yesterday must give his reason .3.Those who are not fit for their work should leave office at once4.I don't like the ones (= those ) who talk big.5.Persons who are quarrelsome are despised.②在There be 结构中，修饰主语的定语从句宜用关系代词who 指代人. 如：1.There is a gentleman who wants to see you .2.There are several students in our class who are still not sure about the use of attributive clauses.③当先行词有较长的后置定语时. 如：1. I met a foreigner in the park yesterday afternoon who could speak Chinese very well.④一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that ,另一个则宜用who, 以免重复. 如：1. The student that was praised at yesterday's meeting is the monitor who is very modest and works very hard .●as & which:as & which 引导非限制性定语从句的区别：①位置的不同：which 引导的定语从句只置于所限制的句子后；as 位置较灵活，也就是说as可置于所限制的句子前面；插在句子中或放在句子后。