电子教案-电子信息类专业英语(第2版_冉利波)课件PPT-第一课-电子课件

• Diode is the simplest type of semiconductor device with only one PN junction, which is formed by joining together two pieces of semiconductor, one doped n-type, and the other doped p-type, resulting in a depletion zone to form around the junction (the join) between the two doped materials.
流器
• Zener Diode 齐纳二极管(稳压二极管) • in series 串联
2. 课文翻译讲解
Semiconductor devices are electronic components and
主句。整个句子是一典型的 科技英语长句
manufactured both as single discrete devices, including
• transistor [ træn'zistə ] n. 晶体（三极）管 • depletion [ di'pli:ʃən ] n. 耗散 • doping [ 'dəupiŋ ] n. (半导体)掺杂(质) • germanium [ dʒə:‘meiniəm ] n. 锗 • silicon [ ‘silikən ] n. 硅 • gain [ gein ] n. 增益；获得 v. 得到；增进 • photosensitive [ .fəutəu‘sensitiv ] a. 光灵
• However, when the terminals of a power supply are reversed, there will be a tiny current through the diode and this is called reverse bias.
被动语态，广泛使用被动语 态是科技英语的特点之一
三句都是被动态， passing through the diodes 现在分词 短语，修饰current
翻译：在许多二极管串联的电 路中，需要考虑到这个电压降 Von。同样也需要考虑流过二 极管的电流量。
• When the diode is reverse biased, there will have a very large resistance, but a tiny current, i. e. leakage current, through the diode still exists, from several mA to just µA, normally that can be neglected.
主句
定句从句，修饰junction，被动语态
同位语，进一步说明two pieces of semiconductor ，one（ other ）是 one（ other ） piece of semiconductor的省略形式
现在分词短语作结果状不定式短语
不定式短语，修饰depletion zone
• When the p-type region of the p-n junction is connected to the positive terminal of a power supply, current will flow and this is said to be forward bias.
• The forward voltage drop Von has to be considered in a circuit as many diodes are used in series, and also, the amount of current passing through the diodes must be considered.
现在分词短语，独立成分，修 饰single discrete devices
diodes and transistors, and as integrated circuits (ICs), consisting of a number—from a few (as low as two) to billions—of devices
现在分词短语，独立成分，修 饰integrated circuits
过去分词短语，独立成分，修 饰a number of devices
manufactured and interconnected on a single semiconductor substrate,
or wafer.
翻译：半导体器件是电子元件，并被制 造成分立元件和集成电路，分立元件包 括二极管和晶体管，而集成电路，是将 一定数量的——从几个（至少2个）到 数十亿个——并且是相互连接的半导体 器件制造到一片半导体基底或晶片上。
翻译：当二极管反向偏置时， 将会产生很大的阻抗，而仍 然存在一个微弱的电流，即 漏电流。但当它通过二极管 时，只有几毫安甚至几微安 的大小，通常可以忽略。
• The limiting voltages and currents permissible must be considered in practical application. For example, when used for rectification, the diodes have to withstand a reverse voltage. If the diodes are not chosen properly, they will be broken down.
现在分词短语，修饰current I
过去分词短语，修饰voltage V
翻译： 流经二极管的电流I的大小依 赖于加在两端的电压V的大小， 并且它的伏安特性曲线不遵循 欧姆定律，而是满足通式的指 数关系，如图1-1所示，公式 中I0为反向偏置的漏电流，e 是电子电荷，V是偏置电压， k是玻尔兹曼常数，T是绝对温 度。
被动语态
主句
定语从句，被动语态， referred to as -- 叫做，称之为”
in the case of --就….来说， 至于….
翻译：当一个小的电压V正向加到二极管时，就会有一个小的电流流 过，并产生一个大约为0.6V到1V的电压降Von，这常被认为是二极管 的“正向电压降”，若为硅二极管，大约为0.7V。
翻译：有许多不同类型的半导体二极管，例如，结点二极管，它常被用作 开关；齐纳二极管，由于它具有给它加上反向电压时，往往趋于稳定在某 一电压这一特性，它常被用来稳压；发光二极管，当加正向偏置电压、电 流流过时，它就会发光；
• photosensitive diode across which the voltage drop depends on the amount of light that strikes it and which can be used to measure illumination, etc..;
翻译：二极管是最简单的半导体器件， 只有一个由两片半导体结合在一起形成 的PN结，一片被掺杂成n型，而另一片 被掺杂成p型，这样就在两种材料之间 的结点周围形成了一个耗尽层。
• This depletion zone controls the behaviours of the diode and permits current to flow predominantly in only one direction.
翻译：耗尽区控制二极管的性 能并使电流主要流向一个方向 。当PN结的P型区被接到电源 的正极时，产生正向偏置电流 ，此时称为“正向偏置” 。但是 ，当电源方向反接时，将会有 一个微小的电流流过二极管， 这时称为“反向偏置”。
被动语态
• The current I passing through the diode depends upon the voltage V applied between the two leads and the I-V characteristic curve do not obey Ohm's Law but an exponential relationship of the general form, schematically shown in Figure 1-A1, where I0 is the leakage current in reverse bias, e is the electron charge, V is bias voltage, k is Boltzmann’s constant, T is absolute temperature.
英语中的使用并掌握其翻译方法
wenku.baidu.com
Passage A Discrete Components
1.生词
• semiconductor [ 'semikən'dʌktə ] n.. 半导体 • bipolar [ bai'pəulə ] adj. 有两极的；双极的 • diode [ ‘daiəud ] n. 二极管
• When a small voltage V is applied to the diode in the forward direction, there can be a small current to flow the diode and lead to a voltage drop Von of about 0.6 - 1V, which is often referred to as the diode's "forward voltage drop" and almost 0.7V in the case of silicon diode.
电子信息类专业英语
(第二版） 冉利波主编
高等教育出版社出版
1 Semiconductor Devices
• 学习重点： • （1）学习掌握半导体分立元件的基本单词、
词组和缩略语的基本含义及用法 • （2）培养阅读和翻译有关半导体分立元件
的科技文献和产品说明书的能力 • （3）学习科技英语特点及被动语态在科技
permissible是形容词用作后置 定语，修饰前面的名词 currents
翻译： 在实际应用中，必须考虑二极 管的容许电压和容许电流大小。 例如，当用二极管整流时，就 要求二极管必须能够耐得住反 向电压。若二极管选择不当， 它们将会被毁坏。
• There are many different types of semiconductor diodes, such as junction diode which commonly is used in switching applications; Zener diode which is used to regulate voltage by taking advantage of the fact that Zener diodes tend to stabilize at a certain voltage when that voltage is applied in the opposite direction; light emitting diode (LED) which can emit light when current flows through it in the forward direction;
敏的；感光性的
• resistance [ ri‘zistəns ] n. 阻力；电阻； 阻 抗
• rectification [.rektifi‘keiʃən] n. 整流 • avalanche [ ‘ævəlɑ:nʃ ] n. 雪崩 • leakage current 漏电流 • Light emitting diode (LED) 发光二极管 • photosensitive diode光敏二极管 • SCR=silicon controlled rectifier 可控硅整