满穗(噻呋酰胺)介绍
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AI concentration in rice plant AI concentration in rice plant (ppm)
0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 20 40 60 90 120
• Treated into nursery box, and sheath cut at 9cm height above for ai analysis • Infected leaves inoculated at 9cm above sheath, and count infected height • Thifluzamide absorbed into rice plant slowly, and the conc. peak on ~90 days
Pathogen Rhizoctonia solani Rhizoctonia solani Rhizoctonia solani Hemileia vastatrix Ustilago nuda Tilletia caries Rhizoctonia cerealis Puccinia species Rhizoctonia solani Sclerotium rolfsii Puccinia arachidis Colletotrichum gloeosporides Rhizoctonia solani Rhizoctonia solani Rhizoctonia solani Various Basidiomycetes Laetisaria fuciformis Rhizoctonia solani
Not teratogenic, not genotoxic, not oncogenic Acceptable Daily Intake: RfD 0.014 mg/kg daily
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Environmental Safety - Thifluzamide
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Chemistry - Thifluzamide
Chemical Name (IUPAC) : 2’, 6’ –dibromo-2-2methyl-4’-trifluoromethoxy -4-trifluoromethyl -1, 3-thiazole-5-carboxanilide Common Name: Code Number: Chemical Class: Molecular: Molecular weight: Vapor Pressure: Water Solubility: Aqueous Photolysis: Melting Point: Thifluzamide MON 24000, RH-130753 Carboxanilide C13H6Br2F6N2O2S 528.1 1.008 x 10-6 mPa 1.6ppm (pH5.7), 7.6ppm (pH9) 3.6 – 3.8 days (DT50) 177.9-178.6℃ (Pure Compound)
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Active into Multi-sites
Rice Sheath Blight by Nursery Box Treatment
Sclerotium Floating
Sclerotium Horizontal Vertical Sclerotium Attaching development development formation Spore germination
In-Vitro Activity - Thifluzamide
Fungus LC 90 (mg/L)
Rhizoctonia solani Rhizoctonia cerealis Sclerotium rolfsii Alternaria solani Fusarium moniliforme Sclerothinia sclerotiorum Pyricularia orizae Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides Botorytis cinerea Venturia inaequalis
Avian Acute Oral LD50 Bobwhite Quail & Mallard Duck > 2,250 mg/kg > 5,620 mg/kg 320/800 mg/kg 800 mg/kg 1.3 ppm 2.9 ppm 0.31 (NOEC) 0.60 (LOEC) Acute Toxicity Acute Oral Toxicity LD50 Acute Oral Toxicity LD50 Algae (mg/L) Earthworm (mg/kg) Daphnia Honeybee Honeybee 1.4 ppm >1,000ppm > 100µg/bee 1.3 EC50, 1.0 NOEC > 1,250mg/kg Acute Dietary LC50 Bobwhite Quail & Mallard Duck Avian Reproduction Bobwhite Quail (NOEC/LOEC) Mallard Duck Fish Acute Toxicity LC50 Fish Chronic Aquatic Rainbow Trout and Bluegill Sunfish Carp Rainbow Trout Early Life Stage
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Disease Sheath blight Stem canker Black scurf Leaf rust Smut Bunt Sharp eyespot Rust Limb rot White mold Rust Anthracnose Bud rot Turf Brown patch/ Large patch Fairy ring Red thread Cotton Sore shin
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Environmental Fate - Thifluzamide
Stable to hydrolysis Soil photolysis (half-life) ranges 95 – 155 days Very long soil half-life and very stable Low – medium soil mobility
Prevent energy production in sensitive fungi Inhibit succinate dehydrogenase enzyme within tricarboxylic acid cycle of fungi Moderate level of potential resistance, but potential exists Key target – Rhizoctonia is not considered a high risk resistance development pathogen
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Technical Feature - Thifluzamide
Foliar Application Product Thifluzamide Pencycron Validamycin Flutoranil Preventive +++ +++ ++ ++ Curative +++ ++ ++ Persistency +++ +++ + ++ Rainfastness +++ +++ ++ ++ False S. Blight +++ +++ ++
<1 <1 < 10 < 10 > 10 > 10 > 10 > 10 > 10 > 10
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
In-Vivo Activity - Thifluzamide
Diseases Rice Sheath Blight Rice Blast Wheat Sharp Eyespot Wheat Leaf Rust Wheat Glume Blotch Barley Powdery Mildew Spinach Downy Mildew Eggplant Gray Mold Tomato Early Blight Barley Net Botch Wheat Fusarium
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Mammarian Safety - Thifluzamide
Acute Oral LD50 (rat): Acute Dermal (rabbit): Acute Inhalation LC50 (rat): Primary Dermal Irritation (rabbit): Primary Eye Irritation (rabbit): Dermal Sensitization (guinea pig): > 6,500mg/kg > 5,000mg/kg > 5mg/L slightly irritating slightly irritating not a sensitizer
Thifluzamide
International Operations Nissan Chemical
Key Features – Thifluzamide
Systemic Fungicide Preventative and curative fungicidal efficacy Very safe to treated plants Long residual control Very effective as GR against Rice Sheath Blight
+++ : Excellent activity - : No activity
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
500 mg/L +++ +++ +++ + +++ ++ -
100mg/L +++ +++ +++
20mg/L ++ ++
+++ -
++
Mode Of Action - Thifluzamide
Nursery box treatment is major application in Japan
Moderate risk level of resistance development
Low risk against Rhizoctonia especially
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Over winter
Site of Efficiency
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Systemic – Long Persistency
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
DAT 7
% Controlled ppm
1.4 1.2 1
Key Background – Thifluzamide
Discovered by Monsanto originally Sold to Rohm & Haas in 1994 Added to DAS fungicide portfolio in 2001 Acquired by Nissan Chemical in 2010 Registered in many crops in multiple countries Trade Names -Pulsor, Ikaruga, Greatam
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Fungicidal Spectrum - Thifluzamide
Crop Rice Potato Potato Coffee Wheat Wheat Wheat Wheat/Barley Peanuts Peanuts Peanuts Mango/wax apple Strawberry Turf Turf Turf Turf Cotton
0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 20 40 60 90 120
• Treated into nursery box, and sheath cut at 9cm height above for ai analysis • Infected leaves inoculated at 9cm above sheath, and count infected height • Thifluzamide absorbed into rice plant slowly, and the conc. peak on ~90 days
Pathogen Rhizoctonia solani Rhizoctonia solani Rhizoctonia solani Hemileia vastatrix Ustilago nuda Tilletia caries Rhizoctonia cerealis Puccinia species Rhizoctonia solani Sclerotium rolfsii Puccinia arachidis Colletotrichum gloeosporides Rhizoctonia solani Rhizoctonia solani Rhizoctonia solani Various Basidiomycetes Laetisaria fuciformis Rhizoctonia solani
Not teratogenic, not genotoxic, not oncogenic Acceptable Daily Intake: RfD 0.014 mg/kg daily
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Environmental Safety - Thifluzamide
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Chemistry - Thifluzamide
Chemical Name (IUPAC) : 2’, 6’ –dibromo-2-2methyl-4’-trifluoromethoxy -4-trifluoromethyl -1, 3-thiazole-5-carboxanilide Common Name: Code Number: Chemical Class: Molecular: Molecular weight: Vapor Pressure: Water Solubility: Aqueous Photolysis: Melting Point: Thifluzamide MON 24000, RH-130753 Carboxanilide C13H6Br2F6N2O2S 528.1 1.008 x 10-6 mPa 1.6ppm (pH5.7), 7.6ppm (pH9) 3.6 – 3.8 days (DT50) 177.9-178.6℃ (Pure Compound)
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Active into Multi-sites
Rice Sheath Blight by Nursery Box Treatment
Sclerotium Floating
Sclerotium Horizontal Vertical Sclerotium Attaching development development formation Spore germination
In-Vitro Activity - Thifluzamide
Fungus LC 90 (mg/L)
Rhizoctonia solani Rhizoctonia cerealis Sclerotium rolfsii Alternaria solani Fusarium moniliforme Sclerothinia sclerotiorum Pyricularia orizae Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides Botorytis cinerea Venturia inaequalis
Avian Acute Oral LD50 Bobwhite Quail & Mallard Duck > 2,250 mg/kg > 5,620 mg/kg 320/800 mg/kg 800 mg/kg 1.3 ppm 2.9 ppm 0.31 (NOEC) 0.60 (LOEC) Acute Toxicity Acute Oral Toxicity LD50 Acute Oral Toxicity LD50 Algae (mg/L) Earthworm (mg/kg) Daphnia Honeybee Honeybee 1.4 ppm >1,000ppm > 100µg/bee 1.3 EC50, 1.0 NOEC > 1,250mg/kg Acute Dietary LC50 Bobwhite Quail & Mallard Duck Avian Reproduction Bobwhite Quail (NOEC/LOEC) Mallard Duck Fish Acute Toxicity LC50 Fish Chronic Aquatic Rainbow Trout and Bluegill Sunfish Carp Rainbow Trout Early Life Stage
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Disease Sheath blight Stem canker Black scurf Leaf rust Smut Bunt Sharp eyespot Rust Limb rot White mold Rust Anthracnose Bud rot Turf Brown patch/ Large patch Fairy ring Red thread Cotton Sore shin
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Environmental Fate - Thifluzamide
Stable to hydrolysis Soil photolysis (half-life) ranges 95 – 155 days Very long soil half-life and very stable Low – medium soil mobility
Prevent energy production in sensitive fungi Inhibit succinate dehydrogenase enzyme within tricarboxylic acid cycle of fungi Moderate level of potential resistance, but potential exists Key target – Rhizoctonia is not considered a high risk resistance development pathogen
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Technical Feature - Thifluzamide
Foliar Application Product Thifluzamide Pencycron Validamycin Flutoranil Preventive +++ +++ ++ ++ Curative +++ ++ ++ Persistency +++ +++ + ++ Rainfastness +++ +++ ++ ++ False S. Blight +++ +++ ++
<1 <1 < 10 < 10 > 10 > 10 > 10 > 10 > 10 > 10
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
In-Vivo Activity - Thifluzamide
Diseases Rice Sheath Blight Rice Blast Wheat Sharp Eyespot Wheat Leaf Rust Wheat Glume Blotch Barley Powdery Mildew Spinach Downy Mildew Eggplant Gray Mold Tomato Early Blight Barley Net Botch Wheat Fusarium
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Mammarian Safety - Thifluzamide
Acute Oral LD50 (rat): Acute Dermal (rabbit): Acute Inhalation LC50 (rat): Primary Dermal Irritation (rabbit): Primary Eye Irritation (rabbit): Dermal Sensitization (guinea pig): > 6,500mg/kg > 5,000mg/kg > 5mg/L slightly irritating slightly irritating not a sensitizer
Thifluzamide
International Operations Nissan Chemical
Key Features – Thifluzamide
Systemic Fungicide Preventative and curative fungicidal efficacy Very safe to treated plants Long residual control Very effective as GR against Rice Sheath Blight
+++ : Excellent activity - : No activity
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
500 mg/L +++ +++ +++ + +++ ++ -
100mg/L +++ +++ +++
20mg/L ++ ++
+++ -
++
Mode Of Action - Thifluzamide
Nursery box treatment is major application in Japan
Moderate risk level of resistance development
Low risk against Rhizoctonia especially
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Over winter
Site of Efficiency
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Systemic – Long Persistency
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
DAT 7
% Controlled ppm
1.4 1.2 1
Key Background – Thifluzamide
Discovered by Monsanto originally Sold to Rohm & Haas in 1994 Added to DAS fungicide portfolio in 2001 Acquired by Nissan Chemical in 2010 Registered in many crops in multiple countries Trade Names -Pulsor, Ikaruga, Greatam
NISSAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Fungicidal Spectrum - Thifluzamide
Crop Rice Potato Potato Coffee Wheat Wheat Wheat Wheat/Barley Peanuts Peanuts Peanuts Mango/wax apple Strawberry Turf Turf Turf Turf Cotton