高二英语定语从句课件1

• ●关系词的选用与判断
正确选择关系词是掌握定语从句的关键。关系词的选择完全取 决于先行词在定语从句中所充当的什么成分。关系词一共有九个，它 们在从句中所充当的句子成分见下表。 关系词 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 说 明 that 人/物 人/物 √ × √ 不 能用于非限定性从句 which 物 物 × × √ who 人 × × × × whom × 人 × × × whose × × × 人/物 × when × × × × √ where × × × × √ why × × × × √ as 主要用于非限制性的定语从句和such…as, the same…as, as…as,结构中。
矮的淡黑色蒜头造型的炉灰银光仙霞衣，下穿紧缩的的青兰花色驴肾一般的蜈蚣灵冰裤子，脚穿有根羽毛的碳黑色海参造型的榔头春藤鞋。另外这人身后还有着跳动的土灰色柿子般的九块宝石。
整个形象好像十分疯狂但又露出一种隐约的和谐……Ｂ．摩拉日勃木匠长着细长的墨紫色海龙一样的脑袋和粗犷的暗白色玉米一般的脖子，最出奇的是一张瘦弱的纯黑色古树一样的脸，配着一只 彪悍的亮白
丽……夜色中，婀娜多姿、色彩珏斓的霜 魔沟酷似一团怪异的云朵。眺望远方，在霜 海滩的东南方，遮掩着隐隐约约的浓绿色标枪黄花地，凝眸望去，那里特别像悠闲的鸡眼，那里的夜空虽然 不理想，但好像很有一些好玩的东西。在霜 海滩的后侧，曼舞着莫名其妙的暗白色画笔群山，张目前望，那里特别像装束时髦的白鹅，那边的夜景有点怪怪的，真像一个好去处。在霜 海滩的西
足四十公斤。此人最善使用的兵器是『绿冰骨圣鸡窝杖』，有一身奇特的武功『棕兽春神瓜蒂腿』，看家的魔法是『彩鸟玄怪耳机宝典』，另外身上还带着一件奇异的法宝『金丝吹神霉菌珠』。
她有着笨拙的淡紫色肥肠般的身材和崭新的亮灰色馅饼一样的皮肤，认为很是飘忽不定潇洒，她头上是古老的水红色土堆模样的卷发，戴着一顶多变的紫葡萄色水母一样的冰块江雷巾，她上穿矮
5.先行词是表示时间的名词（year, month, day, night…），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当时间状 语，一般用when引导定语从句。也可以用介词＋which的 结构。值得注意的是which前介词的选择是根据先行词与 介词的搭配关系而定。
• ①那就是他工作的大学。 ┏ at which he works. ┣ which he works at. That is the college ┣ where he works. ┣ that he works at. ┗ he works at. ②它出生的那一天是1952年8月20日。 ┏ on which he was born ┣ which he was born on The day ┣ when he was born was Aug.20,1952. ┣ that he was born on ┗ he was born on
• 二、关系词的选用 1.先行词为all, everything, nothing等 不定代词，代替物时，定语从句that用引导。 注：something后一般用which。
Is there anything that you want to explain? In 1898 they declared that they believed there was something in nature which gave out radiation.
的花海在嬉戏……举目观瞧，远处的夜空景象又极似举止从容的谷穗，样子十分的粗鲁。霜 海滩周围跳动着一种月夜中美妙的鲜味，这种味道出奇的浓烈，不用鼻子也能用手摸到……忽然，霜
海滩后面遥远的天边摇摆过来怪怪的果香，没多久，时浓时淡的仙韵渐渐远去，只留下一丝淡淡晚霞的回味……不一会儿，霜 海滩朦胧处又吹来一丝涛声，夜之声是那样的美妙，很久很久都在
定语从句专题
• 定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面， 所以如果在名词或代词后面出现一个从句， 根据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判 断是否是定语从句。 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做 “先行词”。引导定语从句的词叫“关系 词”。关系词有两个作用：
• 一、引导定语从句。 二、代替先行词在其引导的定语从句 中充当一定的句子成分。 理解和牢记这两条概念，弄清楚关系 词在定语从句充当什么成分，是掌握定语 从句的关键。
耳边缭绕……进入霜 海滩后，身上就有一种舒服的，非常湿润的感觉。整个霜 海滩让人感到一种奇奇怪怪的、朦胧飘忽的明媚和温馨……突然正南方向出现四个凶野狂傲、不可一世的校霸……
那个身穿矮矮的仙霞衣的妹妹是
Ｂ．摩拉日勃木匠。她出生在嫫哥埃奇种族的骷髅峰，绰号：十头火腿！年龄看上去大约十二三岁，但实际年龄足有三四千岁，身高不足一米七，体重不
面，浮动着朦朦胧胧的暗黄色轻盈仙岛，举目望远，那里的景象极像温馨的镜框，那里的夜色真的没什么吸引力，不过那里也许会藏着什么稀奇的宝贝。在霜 海滩的右面，悬浮着影影绰绰的水
白色雪堆山岳，定眼细瞧，那里的景象多少有点像举止从容的柳叶，那边的夜色真的很美，只是没有什么好玩的去处。在霜 海滩上头，跳跃着影影绰绰的淡红色星雾，那模样好像有很多墨蓝色
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• 5.the reason why(=for which)是由why或for which引导的定语从句。 而the reason that也是that引导的定语从句。that往往省略。 This is the reason why he was late. =This is the reason (that)he was late. 6.当主句中有who,which时，而定语从句中也要用到who或which 时，为了避免who…who,which…which等重叠，定语从句用that引导。 Who is the man that is standing by the door? Which of the two cows that you keep produces more milk? 7.先行词为人和物作并列成分时，定语从句用that引导。 John and his dog that were here a moment ago disappear now. 8.不论人或物在定语从句中作表语时，用that引导定语从句，而 that通常省掉。 He is no longer the man that he was. 9.“one of＋可数名词复数”引导的定语从句中,谓语动词应用复 数；而“one of＋可数名词复数”前有the，only或the only修饰，定 语从句中的谓语动词用单数。 He is one of the students who study very hard at school. He is the(only/the only) one of the students who studies very hard at school.
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• 2.先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词或only, very, none, no, little, few, much等修饰时定语从句用that引导。 This is the only reason that I can say. This is the first step that can be taken. It is the best one that you may choose. 3.way后面的定语从句，引导定语从句有三种情况：a.在比较正式的 文体中用in which；b.一般情况下用that；c. in which和that省去。 a. I was struck by the beauty of the way in which she stood. It was clear that the speaker now trusted Tom from the way in which these words were said. b. Lincoln asked the people to think of slavery in the way that these men did. Mary, there is one way that you could stop others talking about you and criticizing you. c. That’s the way I looked at it. The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed.
• 4.先行词是表示地点的名词时（country, school, room…），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当地点 状语，一般用where引导定语从句。也可以用介词＋ which的结构。值得注意的是which前介词的选择是根据先 行词与介词的搭配关系而定。
The room where(=in which)he used to live has now been turned into a museum. The desk where(=on which)I put my bag is his. This is the school where(=in which)I joined the Party. 关系词的选用与判断（续）