英语中经济术语翻译
经济学英语词汇
经济学英语词汇在研究和学习经济学的过程中，掌握相关的英语词汇是非常重要的。
以下是一些经济学中常用的英语词汇及其含义：1、Economic：经济的，与经济相关的。
2、Finance：金融，财政。
3、Accounting：会计，会计学。
4、Market：市场，市场营销。
5、Price：价格，价值。
6、Currency：货币，通货。
7、Interest Rate：利率。
8、Exchange Rate：汇率。
9、Stock：股票，股份。
10、Bond：债券。
11、Futures：期货。
12、Options：期权。
13、Commodity：商品，大宗商品。
14、Price Index：价格指数。
15、Economy Growth：经济增长。
16、Unemployment Rate：失业率。
17、Inflation：通货膨胀。
18、Interest Rate Policy：利率政策。
19、Monetary Policy：货币政策。
20、Fiscal Policy：财政政策。
21、Supply-Side Economics：供给侧经济学。
22、Demand-Side Economics：需求侧经济学。
23、Comparative Advantage：比较优势。
24、Gains from Trade：贸易收益。
25、Barriers to Trade：贸易壁垒。
26、Dumping：倾销。
27、DumpingMargin：倾销差价。
28、Economic Liberalization：经济自由化。
29、Privatization：私有化。
30、Liberalization：自由化。
31、Globalization：全球化。
32、Protectionism：保护主义。
33、Stagflation：滞胀，即经济停滞与高通货膨胀、失业以及不景气并存的经济现象。
34、Recession：经济衰退，经济连续两个季度出现负增长。
考研经济金融类术语英语翻译
economist 经济学家socialist economy 社会主义经济capitalist economy 资本主义经济collective economy 集体经济planned economy 计划经济controlled economy 管制经济rural economics 农村经济liberal economy 自由经济mixed economy 混合经济political economy 政治经济学protectionism 保护主义autarchy 闭关自守primary sector 初级成分private sector 私营成分,私营部门public sector 公共部门,公共成分economic channels 经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定economic policy 经济政策economic recovery 经济复原understanding 约定concentration 集中holding company 控股公司trust 托拉斯cartel 卡特尔rate of growth 增长economic trend 经济趋势economic situation 经济形势infrastructure 基本建设standard of living 生活标准,生活水平purchasing power, buying power 购买力scarcity 短缺stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment 不发达underdeveloped 不发达的developing 发展中的initial capital 创办资本frozen capital 冻结资金frozen assets 冻结资产fixed assets 固定资产real estate 不动产,房地产circulating capital, working capital 流动资本available capital 可用资产capital goods 资本货物reserve 准备金,储备金calling up of capital 催缴资本allocation of funds 资金分配contribution of funds 资金捐献working capital fund 周转基金revolving fund 循环基金,周转性基金contingency fund 意外开支,准备金reserve fund 准备金buffer fund 缓冲基金,平准基金sinking fund 偿债基金investment 投资,资产investor 投资人self-financing 自筹经费,经费自给current account 经常帐户 (美作:checking account)current-account holder 支票帐户 (美作:checking-account holder) cheque 支票 (美作:check)bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer 无记名支票,来人支票crossed cheque 划线支票traveller's cheque 旅行支票chequebook 支票簿,支票本 (美作:checkbook)endorsement 背书transfer 转让,转帐,过户money 货币issue 发行ready money 现钱cash 现金ready money business, no credit given 现金交易,概不赊欠change 零钱banknote, note 钞票,纸币 (美作:bill)to pay (in) cash 付现金domestic currency, local currency] 本国货币convertibility 可兑换性convertible currencies 可自由兑换货币exchange rate 汇率,兑换率foreign exchange 外汇floating exchange rate 浮动汇率free exchange rates 自由汇兑市场foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券hard currency 硬通货speculation 投机saving 储装,存款depreciation 减价,贬值devaluation (货币)贬值revaluation 重估价runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀deflation 通货紧缩capital flight 资本外逃stock exchange 股票市场stock exchange corporation 证券交易所stock exchange 证券交易所,股票交易所quotation 报价,牌价share 股份,股票shareholder, stockholder 股票持有人,股东dividend 股息,红利cash dividend 现金配股stock investment 股票投资investment trust 投资信托stock-jobber 股票经纪人stock company, stock brokerage firm 证券公司securities 有价证券share, common stock 普通股preference stock 优先股income gain 股利收入issue 发行股票par value 股面价格, 票面价格bull 买手, 多头bear 卖手, 空头assigned 过户opening price 开盘closing price 收盘hard times 低潮business recession 景气衰退doldrums 景气停滞dull 盘整ease 松弛raising limit 涨停板break 暴跌bond, debenture 债券Wall Street 华尔街short term loan 短期贷款long term loan 长期贷款medium term loan 中期贷款lender 债权人creditor 债权人debtor 债务人,借方borrower 借方,借款人borrowing 借款interest 利息rate of interest 利率discount 贴现,折扣rediscount 再贴现annuity 年金maturity 到期日,偿还日amortization 摊销,摊还,分期偿付redemption 偿还insurance 保险mortgage 抵押allotment 拨款short term credit 短期信贷consolidated debt 合并债务funded debt 固定债务,长期债务floating debt 流动债务drawing 提款,提存aid 援助allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴,补助金,津贴output 产出,产量producer 生产者,制造者productive, producing 生产的products, goods 产品consumer goods 消费品article 物品,商品manufactured goods, finished goods 制成品,产成品raw product 初级产品semifinished goods 半成品by-product 副产品foodstuffs 食品raw material 原料supply 供应,补给input 投入productivity 生产率productiveness 赢利性overproduction 生产过剩外部审计 external audit外国直接投资 foreign direct investment (FDI) 外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves外汇调剂 foreign exchange swap外汇占款 the RMB counterpart of foreign exchange reserves;the RMB equivalent of offcial foreign exchange holdings外向型经济 export-oriented economy外债 external debt外资企业 foreign-funded enterprises完善现代企业制度 to improve the modern enterprise system完税凭证 tax payment documentation违法经营 illegal business委托存款 entrusted deposits稳步增长 steady growth稳健的银行系统 a sound banking system稳中求进 to make progress while ensuring stability无纸交易 book-entry(or paperless/scriptless)transaction物价监测 price monitoringX吸纳流动性 to absorb liquidity稀缺经济 scarcity economy洗钱 money laundering系统内调度 fund allocation within a bank系统性金融危机 systemic financial crisis下岗工人 laid-off employees下游企业 down-stream enterprises现场稽核 on-site examination现金滞留(居民手中) cash held outside the banking system乡镇企业 township and village enterprises(TVEs)消费物价指数 consumer price index(CPI)消费税 excise(consumption)tax消灭财政赤字 to balance the budget;to eliminate fiscal deficit销货款回笼 reflow of corporate sales income to the banking system销售平淡 lackluster sales协议外资金额 committed amount of foreign investment新经济增长点 new sources of economic growth新开工项目 new projects;newly started projects新增贷款 incremental credit; loan increment; credit growth; credit expansion新增就业位置 new jobs;new job opportunities信贷规模考核 review the compliance with credit ceilings信号失真 distorted signals信托投资公司 trust and investment companies信息不对称 information asymmetry信息反馈 feedback(information)信息共享系统 information sharing system信息披露 information disclosure信用扩张 credir expansion信用评级 credit rating姓“资”还是姓“社” pertaining to socialism or capitalism;socialist orcaptialist 行政措施 administrative measures需求膨胀 demand expansion; excessive demand虚伪存款 window-dressing deposits削减冗员 to shed excess labor force寻租 rent seeking迅速反弹 quick reboundY养老基金 pension fund一刀切 universal application;non-discretionary implementation一级市场 primary market应收未收利息 overdue interest银行网点 banking outlets赢利能力 profitability营业税 business tax硬贷款(商业贷款) commercial loans用地审批 to grant land use right有管理的浮动汇率 managed floating exchange rate证券投资 portfolio investment游资(热钱) hot money有市场的产品 marketable products有效供给 effective supply诱发新一轮经济扩张 trigger a new round of economic expansion逾期贷款 overdue loans;past-due loans与国际惯例接轨 to become compatible with internationally accepted 与国际市场接轨 to integrate with the world market预算外支出(收入) off-budget (extra-budgetary) expenditure(revenue) 预调 pre-emptive adjustment月环比 on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basisZ再贷款 central bank lending在国际金融机构储备头寸 reserve position in international financial institutions 在人行存款 deposits at (with) the central bank在途资金 fund in float增加农业投入 to increase investment in agriculture增势减缓 deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum增收节支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures增长平稳 steady growth增值税 value-added tax(VAT)涨幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate;excessive growth账外账 concealed accounts折旧 depreciation整顿 retrenchment;consolidation政策工具 policy instrument政策性业务 policy-related operations政策性银行 policy banks政策组合 policy mix政府干预 government intervention证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase发行货币 to issue currency发行总股本 total stock issue法定准备金 required reserves;reserve requirement法人股 institutional shares法人股东 institutional shareholders法治 rule of law房地产投资 real estate investment放松银根 to ease monetary policy非现场稽核 off-site surveillance(or monitoring)非银行金融机构 non-bank financial institutions非赢利性机构 non-profit organizations分税制 assignment of central and local taxes;tax assignment system分业经营 segregation of financial business(services);division of business scope based on the type of financial institutions风险暴露(风险敞口) risk exposure风险管理 risk management风险意识 risk awareness风险资本比例 risk-weighted capital ratios风险资本标准 risk-based capital standard服务事业收入 public service charges;user's charges扶贫 poverty alleviation负增长 negative growth复式预算制 double-entry budgeting;capital and current budgetary accountG改革试点 reform experimentation杠杆率 leverage ratio杠杆收购 leveraged buyout高息集资 to raise funds by offering high interest个人股 non-institutional shares根本扭转 fundamental turnaround(or reversal)公开市场操作 open market operations公款私存 deposit public funds in personal accounts公用事业 public utilities公有经济 the state-owned sector;the public sector公有制 public ownership工业成本利润率 profit-to-cost ratio工业增加值 industrial value added供大于求 supply exceeding demand;excessive supply鼓励措施 incentives股份合作企业 joint-equity cooperative enterprises股份制企业 joint-equity enterprises股份制银行 joint-equity banks固定资产贷款 fixed asset loans关税减免 tariff reduction and exemption关税减让 tariff concessions关税优惠 tariff incentives;preferential tariff treatment 规范行为to regularize(or standardize)…behavior规模效益 economies of scale国计民生 national interest and people's livelihood国家对个人其他支出 other government outlays to individuals国家风险 country risk国际分工 international division of labor国际收支 balance of payments国有独资商业银行 wholly state-owned commercial banks国有经济(部门) the state-owned(or public)sector国有企业 state-owned enterprises(SOEs)国有制 state-ownership国有资产流失 erosion of state assets国债回购 government securities repurchase国债一级自营商 primary underwriters of government securities 过度竞争 excessive competition过度膨胀 excessive expansion过热迹象 signs of overheatingH合理预期 rational expectation核心资本 core capital合资企业 joint-venture enterprises红利 dividend宏观经济运营良好 sound macroeconomic performance宏观经济基本状况 macroeconomic fundamentals宏观调控 macroeconomic management(or adjustment)宏观调控目标 macroeconomic objectives(or targets)坏账 bad debt还本付息 debt service换汇成本 unit export cost;local currency cost of export earnings汇兑在途 funds in float汇兑支出 advance payment of remittance by the beneficiary's bank汇率并轨 unification of exchange rates活期存款 demand deposits汇率失调 exchange rate misalignment混合所有制 diversified(mixed)ownership货币政策态势 monetary policy stance货款拖欠 overdue obligations to suppliersJ基本建设投资 investment in infrastructure基本经济要素 economic fundamentals基本适度 broadly appropriate经济金融术语汉英对照表(续表二)所有者权益 owner's equityT逃税(请见“避税”) tax evasion套汇 (1)指合法：currency swap;arbitrage(2)指非法：illegal purchase of foreign exchange 剔除季节性因素 seasonally adjusted调节流动性 to influence liquidity level贴现窗口 discount window同比 on year-on-year basis;over the same period of the previous year同业拆借(放) inter-bank borrowing(lending)同业拆借市场利率(中国) CHIBOR(China inter-bank offered rate)同业融通票据 inter-bank financing bills同业往来 inter-bank transactions透支 overdraft退税 tax refund(rebate)头寸 position吞吐基础货币 adjustment of monetary base脱媒现象 disintermediation安全网 safety net按可比口径 on comparable basis按轻重缓急 to prioritize暗补 implicit subsidy暗亏 hidden lossB颁发营业执照 to license;to grant a licence to办理存款业务 to take deposits保护农民的生产积极性 to protect farmers'incentive to produce备付金(超额准备金) excess reserves本外币并账 consolidation of domestic and foreign currencyaccounts 本外币对冲操作 sterilization operation本位利益 localized interest;departmentalism奔小康 to strive to prosper;to strive to become well-to-do避税(请见“逃税”) tax avoidance币种搭配不当 currency mismatch币种构成 currency composition变相社会集资 disguised irregular(or illegal) fund raising表外科目(业务) off-balance-sheet items(operation)薄弱环节 weaknesses;loopholes不变成本 fixed cost不变价 at constant price;in real terms不动产 real estate不良贷款(资产) problem loans;non-performing loans(assets)C财务公司 finance companies财政赤字 fiscal deficit财政挤银行 fiscal pressure on the central bank(over monetary policy)财政政策与货币政策的配合 coordination of fiscal and monetary policies采取循序渐进的方法 in a phased and sequenced manner操作弹性 operational flexibility操纵汇率 to manipulate exchange rate产品构成 product composition;product mix产品积压 stock pile;excessive inventory产销率 current period inventory;(即期库存，不含前期库存)sales/output ratio 产销衔接 marketability产业政策 industrial policy长期国债 treasury bonds敞口头寸 open position炒股 to speculate in the stock market承购包销 underwrite(securities)成套机电产品 complete sets of equipment;complete plant(s)城市信用社 urban credit cooperatives(UCCs)城市合作银行 urban cooperative banks;municipal united banks城市商业银行 municipal commercial banks城乡居民收入增长超过物价涨幅 real growth in household income持续升温 persistent overheating重复布点 duplicate projects重置成本 replacement cost重组计划 restructuring plan筹资渠道 funding sources;financing channels初见成效 initial success出口统一管理、归口经营 canalization of exports出口退税 export tax rebate储蓄存款 household deposits(不完全等同于西方的savingsdeposits，前者包括活期存款，后者不包括。
商务英语四级术语翻译
1.Bill of lading 提单Definition:Bill of lading is a document given by a shipping company,representboth a receipt for thegoods siped and a contract for shipment between the shipping companyand the sipper.it is also adocument of title to the goods,giving the holder or the assigne theright to possessionof the goods.2.Marketing 市场营销Definition:Marketing is the process of planning and executing the conception,pricing,promouon ,and distribution of goods and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational objectives.3.D/P 付款交单Definition:D/P is short for"document against payment.Under this payment method,the exporter is to ship the goods ordered and delivered the relative shipping documents to thebuyer abroad through the remitting bank and the collecting bank with instructions not torelease the documents to the buyer until the payment lorthe goods is made.4.QA 品质/质量保证Definition:QA is short for quality assurance,it is about how a business can design the way a pro duct or services is produced or delivered to minimize the chances that output will beup-standard.5.Flexible exchange rates 浮动汇率Definition:A flexible exchange rate means the government does not enter the foreign exchange markets and leaves the determination of exchange rates up to currency trades.The price of its currency is allowed to rise and fall as market forces dictate.1.Parternship；合作关系A parternship is a legal relationship between persons arising on apofi-motivated business.a cooperative relationship between people or groups who agree to share responsibility for achieving some specific goal2.manegement 管理人员Definition:Management is defined as the application of planning,organizing,directing,and Controlling functions in the most effient manner possible to accomplish meaningful organizational objectives.3.HR management 人力资源管理Definition:The human resource management is an ongoing procedure that tries to keep the Organization suplied with the right people in the right positions.4.Documentary Credit 跟单信用证A Documentary Letter of Credit is a written undertaking given by a bank on behalf of an Importer to pay the Exporter a given sum of money with in a specified time,providing thatthe Exporter presentsdocuments which comply with the terms laid down in the Letter of Credit. 5.Draft 汇票Defnition:A draft is simply an order write by an exporter intruting an importer,or importer' sagent,to pay a specified amount of money at a specified time.Shipping document：运输单据(运输单证）shipping documents also as transport documents,are legal documents that are utilized in the process of transporting goods from one location to another.2.certificate of origin：原产地证书（证明）is document used in international trade,completed by the exporter,and certificated by a recognized issuing body,attesting that the goods in a particular export shipment have beenproduced,manufactured or processed in a particular country.3.insurance policy：保单(保险合同/大保单)is a formal contract-document between the insurer and the insured,known as the policy holder, which determines the claims which the insurer is legally required to pay.5.customer equity：顾客资产is the value of potential future revenue generated by a company's customers in a lifetime.l.sole/individual proprietorship:独资经营Detnition:It is a type of enterprise that is owned and run by one natural person.The owner is in Direct control of all elements and is legally accountable for the finances of such business and this may include debts,loans,loss,etc.2.Productivity:生产力It is the rate at which goods are produced.(or having thẻpower to produce)3.broker：代理/中介：A broker is a person whose job is to buy and sell shares,foreign money,or goods for other people.4.Fixed assets：固定资产are assets which a company uses on a continuous basis,such as properly and machinery.5.Cash on delivery:货到付款Collecting the charges upon delivery.1.anti-dumping duty:反倾销税is an extra duty levied temporarily on the imported commodity in dumping to protect home industry and market against the import commodity in large quantity and cheap price.2.Transnational corporation跨国公司refers to large international enterprise consisting of entities in two ormore countries,that operates manufacturing,sales and other business.3.Invisible trade:无形贸易trade of services rather than actual goods,for example,banking,insurance,and professional service,etc.4.Balance of payment:国际收支A statement that summarizes an economy's transactions with the rest of the world for a specified time period.1.CPI,消费价格指数消费物价指数Consumer price index measures changes in the price level of market basket of consumer goods and services purchased by households.2.LLC, 有限责任公司Limited liability company a business structure that combines the pass-through taxation of apartner ship or sole proprietorship with the limited liability of a corporation.3.FOB,离岸价格/船上交货价格Free On Board is a shipping term which indicates that the supplier pays the shipping costs(and usually also the insurance costs)from the point of manufacture to a specified destination,at Which point the buyer takes responsibility.4.B2B,企业对企业的电子商务模式Business-To-Business is a transaction that occurs between two companies,as opposed to a transaction involving a consumer.The term may also describe a company that provides goods or s ervices for another company.5.Definition:借记卡/提款卡Debit card is a card which allows customers to access their funds immediately electronically.With a debit card,you can immediately take money out of your checking account either through purcha ses at a store or through an ATM.1.A CEO首席执行官(chief executive fficer)is the position of the most senior corporate officer,executive,leader or administrator in charge of managing an organization.2.Human resource:人力资源In a company or other organization,the department of human resources is the department take on ponsibility for the recruiting,training,and welfare of the staff.bor market劳动力市场is the market in which workers compete for jobs and employers compete for workers.3.V AT增值税(value added tax)is a tax that is added to the price of goods or services.4.A balance sheet is a written statement of the amount of money and property that a company op erson has,including amounts of money that are owed or are owing.资产负债表5.Brand loyalty 品牌忠诚:The tendency to always buy a particular brand.2.Joint venture合资公司A business activity in which2or more companies have invested together.3.Quota:定额Quanttative restrictions imposed by one country on imports of a certain type from another country.4.marketing mix:营销组合A comprehensive plan or strategy covering product price,promotion and place,usually summarized as the4Ps".of marketing.5.Acqusition :收购Getting control of a company bitiony buying over50%of its shares. Definition:Lredit card is a small plastic card that you can use to buy goods and services and pay for the market.2.Depeciatiton贬值means decrease in value of assets.3.Brand preference品牌偏好is measure of brand loyalty in which a consumer will choose a paticular brand in presence of competing brands,but will accept substitutes if that brand is not available.4.Corporate Culture公司文化is a broad term used to define the unique personality or character of a particularcompany or organization,and includes such elements as core values and beliefs,corporate ethics,and rules of behavior.5.:Fringe benefit额外福利is an incidental or additional advantage,a benefit provided by an employer to supplement an employee's regular pay,such as a pension,company car,luncheon voucher,insurance,vacation 1.overcapacity:生产能力过剩If there is overcapacity in a particularindustry, more goods have been produced than areneed and the industry is therefore less profitable thanit could be.2.A free trade zone(FTZs):自由贸易区A free-trade area is a trade bloc whose member countries have signed a free-trade agreement(FT A),which eliminates tariffs,import quotas,and preferences on most(if not all)goods and services traded between them.If people are also free to move between the countries,in addition to FTA,it would also be considered an open border.4.A non-performing loan,or NPL,is a loan that is in default or close to being in default.Manyloans become non-performing after being in default for90days,but this can depend on the contract terms.不良贷款4..外债Definition:Foreign debt is the total debt a country owes to foreign creditors,complemented by int ernaldebtowed to domestic lenders.The debtors can be the government,corporations or citizens o f that country.The debt includes money owed to privale commercial banks,other governments,or international financialinstitutions such as the International(IMF)and World Bank5.Translation:风险投资家A venture capitalist is an investor who either provides capilal lo slartup ventures or supports small companiesthat wish to expand but do not have access to equities markets.V enture capitalists are willing toinvest in such companies because they can earn a massive return on their investments if these companies are asuccess.1.Translation:授权经营Definition:Licensing is an arrangement in which the owner of intellectual property grants another firm theright to use that property for a specified period of time in exchange for royalties or other compensation.2.Translation:间接投资，证券投资made with theexpectation of earning a return.Thisexpected retum'is'diretly orrelated with theion snen"cpeted ik Pofoioo ioene dainet fom dica muene whidh no uinesiable sake in a target compa ny and posbly being ivolvede wilh is day body mngeme 3.Translation:反向贸易、对等贸易Counter trade is a sale that encompases more than an exhane of god,erices or iesformoney.4.乘数效应Definition:The multiplier efect is the expansion of a country's money supply that results from banks beingable to lend.The size of the multiplier effect depends on the percentage of deposits that banks are required tohold as reserves.In other words,it is the money used to create more money and is calculated by dividing total bank deposits by the reserve requirement.5.Definition:Initial public ffering(IPO)is a type of public ofringn in which shares of a company usually aresold to nstitutional investors that in turn,sell to the general public,on a secrities excha nge,for the firsttime. 首次公开发行股票1.Break-even point is the point at which toal cost and toalrevenue are equal.Tanslaion:盈亏平衡点/盈亏临界2.Onder cydle time is a peindbetween placing5an order and receiving the ordered item. Translation:汀貨周期3.by the bank to the importer according to his demand upon receiving the billsunder the letter of credited and the impotterTranslation:进ロ押汇4.Maker share is the amo thata company sells of itspoduets or serices compared wih oher companies selling the same things. 市场份额5.Definition:Brand positioning is an activity of creating a brand offer in such a manner that it occ upies adistinctive place and value in the target customers'mind.Translation:品牌定位1.Defnition:Itis the right to buy or sell property at an agreed price;rithe ght is purchased and15 notexercised by a stated date,the money is forfeited.期权2.It is a fraudulent investment operation that pays returns to its investors from thelr own money0 1the money paid by subsequent investors,rather than from profit earned by the individual or orga nizationrunning the operation.庞氏骗局3.Definition:It is a stock market index and one of the several indices created by W all Street Jour nal editors and Dow Jones&Company co- founder Charles Dow.The industrial averagewas first calculated on May26,1896.Translation:道琼斯工业平均指数4.Definition:It is a company or person that supplies shops and companies with goods. Translation:经销商5.Definition:It is a process of judging officially how an argument should be settled. Translation:仲裁1.Barriers to trade are any action by a govermment to limit or prevent the free flow of goods in an dout of its country.贸易壁垒4.Definition:V enture capital is money made available for investment in innovative enterprises or research.especially in high technology,in which both the risk of loss and the potential for profit may be considerable.Also called risk capital.Translation:风险资本5.Definition:Insurable interest holds that no one may insure anything unless he has and interest i n it.(Whichmeans that if the thing insured is preserved he will derive a benefit from its preservati on,but if it is any way_damaged or lost the assured will be -adversely afet.-)Translation:可保利益2.Definition:Contracting party isаcountry or firm that signs a legalagreement.缔约国3.Definition:Sight draft calls for immediate payment on presentation to the drawee. Translation:及期汇票4.It is a reply to an ofter which conains aditions or other modietaons还盘2.Definition;lt is a kind of standard used to indicate that the quality of the product ffe is about equal to theaverage quality level of the same crop within a certain period of time. Translation:良好平均品质3.Definition:The act of the transferor in transferring a draft to the transferee by making a signatu re on the backof the draft. 背书4.Definition:It is a delivery situation in which when the seller delivers the buyer does not physic ally receive thegoods.This kind of delivery is proved by the submission of transport document by the seller to the buyer.Translation:象征性交货5.Goods are transported directly from the production country to the consuming country.In this ca se,onlv two parties are involved in the transaction,namely the exporter and the importer. Translation:直接贸易。
会计英语114章术语翻译(仅供参考不足的地方望批评指正)
Chapter 1 Accounting会计Accounting equation会计等式Assets资产Auditors审计师Balance sheet资产欠债表Bookkeeping记账Business entity assumption会计主体原则Common stock普通股Corporation公司Cost principle本钱原则Equity权益Ethics伦理Events事项Expanded accounting equation扩展的会计等式Expenses费用External transactions外部交易External users外部信息利用者Financial accounting财务会计FASB美国财务会计准则委员会Full disclosure principle充分披露原则GAAP公认会计原则Going-concern assumption持续经营原则Income statement损益表Internal transactions内部交易Internal users内部信息利用者IASB国际会计准则理事会Liabilities欠债Managerial accounting管理会计Matching principle配比原则Monetary unit assumption货币单位原则Net income净收益Net loss净损失Owner ,Capital所有者名下的资本Owner investment所有者投资Owner withdrawals所有者提取Partnership合股企业Proprietorship独资企业Recordkeeping记账Revenue recognition principle收入确认原则Revenues收入Sarbanes –Oxley Act《萨班斯—奥克斯利法案》SEC证劵交易委员会Shareholders股东Shares股分Sole proprietorship个人独资企业Statement of cash flows现金流量表Statement of owner’s equity所有者权益表Stock股票Stockholders股东Time period assumption会计分期原则Withdrawals提取Chapter 2 Account账户Account balance账户余额Balance column account三栏式账户Chart of accounts会计科目表Compound journal entry复合日记账分录Credit贷方Creditors债权人Debit借方Debtors债务人Double-entry accounting复式记账法General journal普通日记账General ledger总分类账Journal日记账Journalizing 记录日记账Ledger分类账Posting过账(PR) column过账索引栏Source documents原始凭证T-account T型账户Trial balance试算平衡表Unearned revenue预收收入Chapter 3 Accounting period会计期间Accrual basis accounting权责发生制会计Accrued expenses应计费用Accrued revenues应计收入Adjusted trial balance调整后试算平衡表Adjusting entry调整分录Annual financial statements年度财务报表Book value账面价值Cash basis accounting收付实现制会计Contra account备抵账户Depreciation折旧Fiscal year会计年度Interim financial statements中期财务报表Matching principle配比原则Natural business year自然营业年度Plant assets固定资产Prepaid expenses预付费用Straight-line depreciation method直线折旧法Time period assumption会计分期原则Unadjusted trial balance调整前的试算平衡表Unearned revenues 预收收入Chapter 4 Accounting cycle会计循环Classified balance sheet分类资产欠债表Closing entries结账分录Closing process结账进程Current assets流动资产Current liabilities流动欠债Income summary损益汇总账户Intangible assets无形资产Long-term investments长期投资Long-term liabilities长期欠债Operating cycle营业周期Permanent accounts永久性账户Post-closing trial balance结账后试算平衡表Pro forma financial statements预测财务报表Temporary accounts临时性账户Unclassified balance sheet未分类资产欠债表Working papers工作草稿Work sheet工作底表Chapter 5Cash discount现金折扣Cost of goods sold商品销售本钱Credit memorandum贷记通知单Credit period 信用期Credit terms信用条件Debit memorandum借记通知单Discount period折扣期EOM月末FOB交货点General and administrative expenses一般及行政管理费用Gross margin毛利Gross profit毛利Inventory存货List price价目表价钱Merchandise 商品Merchandise inventory库存商品Merchandiser商业企业Multiple-step income statement多步式损益表Periodic inventory system按期盘存制Perpetual inventory system永续盘存制Purchase discount购货折扣Retailer零售商Sales discount销售折扣Selling expenses销售费用Shrinkage损耗Single-step income statement单步式损益表Supplementary records辅助记录Trade discount商业折扣Wholesaler批发商Chapter 6 Average cost平均本钱Conservatism constraint稳健性原则Consignee 收货人Consignor发货人Consistency concept一致性原则FIFO先进先出法Interim statements中期报告LIFO后进先出法LCM本钱与市价孰低法Net realizable value可变现净值Specific identification个别认定法Weighted average加权平均法Chapter 7 Accounts payable ledger应付账款分类账Accounts receivable ledger应收账款分类账Cash disbursements journal现金支出日记账Cash receipts journal现金收入日记账Check register支票记录薄Columnar journal多栏式日记账Compatibility principle适应性原则Controlling account统驭账户Control principle控制原则Cost-benefit principle本钱—收益原则Flexibility principle灵活性原则General journal普通日记账Internal controls内部控制Purchases journal购货日记账Relevance principle相关性原则Sales journal销售日记账Schedule of accounts payable应付账款明细表Schedule of accounts receivable应收账款明细表Special journal特种日记账Subsidiary ledger明细分类账Chapter 8 Bank reconciliation银行存款余额调节表Bank statement银行对账单Canceled checks注销支票Cash 现金Cash equivalents现金等价物Cash over and short现金溢缺Check支票Deposit ticket存款单Deposits in transit在途存款EFT电子资金转账Internal control system内部控制制度Liquid assets流动资产Liquidity偿债能力Outstanding checks未兑现支票Petty cash备用金Principles of internal control内部控制原则Sarbanes-Oxley Act《萨班斯—奥克斯利法案》Signature card印鉴卡Voucher 凭单Voucher system凭单制Chapter 9 Accounts receivable应收账款Aging of accounts receivable应收账款账龄分析Allowance for Doubtful Accounts呆帐准备金Allowance method备抵法Bad debts坏账Direct write-off method直接核销法Interest 利息Maker of the note出票人Matching principle配比原则Materiality constraint重要性约束Maturity date of a note单据到期日Payee of the note单据收款人Principal of a note单据的本金Promissory note单据Realizable value可变现价值Chapter 10 Accelerated depreciation method加速折旧法Amortization摊销Asset book value资产账面价值Betterments改良工程投资Capital expenditures资本支出Change in an accounting estimate会计估量变更Copyright版权Cost本钱Declining-balance method余额递减法Depletion折耗Depreciation折旧Extraordinary repairs超级修理Franchises特许权Goodwill商誉Impairment减损Inadequacy生产能力不足Indefinite life不肯定利用年限Intangible assets无形资产Land improvements土地改良物Lease租约Leasehold租赁权Leasehold improvements租赁资产改良Lessee承租人Lessor 出租人Licenses特许权Limited life有限利用年限MACRS修正后的加速本钱回收制度Natural resources自然资源Obsolescence陈腐，过时Ordinary repairs日常维修Patent专利权Plant asset age固定资产寿命Plant assets固定资产Plant asset useful life固定资产利用年限Revenue expenditures收益性支出Salvage value残值Straight-line depreciation直线折旧法Trademark or trade (brand) name商标或品牌Units-of-production depreciation工作量法Useful life利用年限Chapter 11 Contingent liability或有欠债Current liabilities流动欠债Current portion of long-term debt一年内到期的长期欠债Employee benefits员工福利Estimated liability估量欠债（FICA）Taxes联邦社会保险税FUTA联邦失业税Gross pay薪资总额Known liabilities已知欠债Long-term liabilities长期欠债Merit rating考绩Net pay薪资净额Payroll deductions薪资扣款Short-term note payable短时间应付单据SUTA州失业救济税Warranty保修Chapter 12 Bond 债券Bond certificate债券证书Bond indenture债券契约Carrying (book) value of bonds债券账面价值Discount on bonds payable应付债券折旧Installment note分期付款期票Market rate市场利率Mortgage抵押权Pension plan养老金计划Premium on bonds债券溢价Par value of a bond债券面值Straight-line bond amortization债券利息直线摊销法Chapter 13(AFS) securities可供出售证劵Comprehensive income综合收益Consolidated financial statements归并财务报表Equity method权益法Equity securities with controlling influence具有控制权的权益类证劵Equity securities with significant influence具有重大影响力的权益类证劵(HTM) securities持有至到期证劵Long-term investments长期投资Parent母公司Short-term investments短时间投资Subsidiary子公司Trading securities交易性证劵Unrealized gain (loss)未实现收益（损失）Chapter 14Appropriated retained earnings拨定留存收益Authorized stock核定股本Call price赎回价钱Callable preferred stock可赎回优先股Capital stock股本Changes in accounting estimates会计估量变更Common stock普通股Convertible preferred stock可转换优先股Corporation股分制公司Cumulative preferred stock积累优先股Date of declaration股利宣告日Date of payment股利发放日Date of record股权记录日Discount on stock股票折旧Dividend in arrears积欠股利Financial leverage财务杠杆Large stock dividend大额股票股利Liquidating cash dividend清算性现金股利Market value per share每股市价Minimum legal capital最低法定资本Noncumulative preferred stock非积累优先股Nonparticipating preferred stock非参与式股票No-par value stock无面值股票Organization expenses组建费Paid-in capital实收资本Paid-in capital in excess of par value资本溢价Participating preferred stock参与式股票Par value面值Par value stock有面值股票Preemptive right优先认股权Preferred stock优先股Premium on stock股票溢价Prior period adjustments前期损益调整Proxy授权委托书Restricted retained earnings限定用途留存收益Retained earnings 留存收益Retained earnings deficit留存收益赤字Reverse stock split并股Small stock dividend小额股票股利Stated value stock设定价值股票Statement of stockholders’ equity股东权益表Stock dividend股票股利Stock options股票期权Stock split股票分割Stockholders’ equity股东权益Treasury stock库藏股。
股市专业术语英语翻译
payment versus delivery 银券交付
clearing and settlement 清算结算
commodityfinancial derivatives 商品金融衍生产品
put call option 看跌看涨期权
amortize 摊提，分期偿还债务
annuity 年金享受权
asking price 卖主的开叫价
assess 对（财产等）进行估价，确定（款项）的金额
back 拖欠的
bad loan 呆账，坏账
bailout 帮助……摆脱困境
balloon （分期付款中）最后数目特大的一笔
barometer 晴雨表，[喻]标记，指标
good 有效的
Hang Seng Index （香港）恒生指数
holdings 占有的财产，股票
Ibbotson Small Company Index Ibbotson Company Index中包括近2700家公司：即在纽约股市上交易的最后的20%股票
imburse 赔偿
initial share 原始股
bond, debenture, debts 债券
negotiable share 可流通股份
convertible bond 可转换债券
treasurygovernment bond 国库券政府债券
corporate bond 企业债券
closed-end securities investment fund 封闭式证券投资基金
premium 奖金，佣金，担保费
premium 溢价
31日-《金融专业英语》-张柚
金融专业英语术语翻译(英译中)：1.TranchesTranches 指资产证券化中的层级。
在资产证券化过程中，为了增加优质评级证券所占比重，通常会设计若干层级。
通常分为4个层级：优先层、夹层、次级层和权益层。
基础资产产生的现金首先保证优先层的收益，优先层相当于获得其他层级的保护，因此通常拥有最高的评级。
2.Collateral debt obligation债务抵押债券，简写作CDO。
CDO是以多个类别且分散化的资产作为抵押，基于证券化技术对这些资产进行重构，分割成不同的风险与收益，进而满足不同投资者需要的证券化产品。
3.T-bondTreasury Bonds的简写，是美国财政部发行的长期国债,为偿还期限十年以上的债券。
4.RepoRepurchase agreements的简称，即回购协议，一般是指债券交易的双方在进行债券交易的同时，以契约方式约定在将来某一日期以约定的价格，由“卖方”向“买方”买回该笔债券的交易行为。
ernment sponsored entities政府支持企业（GSE）是一个准政府实体，旨在促进信贷流向美国经济的特定部门。
这些机构是由国会法案创立的，尽管它们是私营机构，但它们提供公共金融服务。
GSE有助于促进各种个人的借贷，包括学生、农民和房主。
例如Fannie Mae 和 Freddie Mac。
6.Financial derivatives金融衍生品，是指一种金融合约，其价值取决于一种或多种基础资产或指数，合约的基本种类包括远期、期货、掉期（互换）和期权。
7.Federal funds rate美国联邦基金利率(Federal funds rate)是指美国同业拆借市场的利率。
这种利率的变动能够敏感地反映银行之间资金的余缺，美联储瞄准并调节同业拆借利率就能直接影响商业银行的资金成本，并且将同业拆借市场的资金余缺传递给工商企业，进而影响消费、投资和国民经济。
8.Default risk违约风险, 发行人无法及时支付利息和本金的风险。
经贸英语词汇
以下是一些常见的经贸英语词汇：- Economy 经济- Trade 贸易- Commerce 商业- Business 商业，生意- Market 市场- Supply and demand 供求- Profit 利润- Loss 损失- Inflation 通货膨胀- Unemployment 失业- Interest rate 利率- Exchange rate 汇率- Import 进口- Export 出口- Tariff 关税- Trade deficit 贸易逆差- Trade surplus 贸易顺差- Free trade 自由贸易- Protectionism 保护主义- Globalization 全球化- International trade 国际贸易- Economic growth 经济增长- Economic development 经济发展- Economic policy 经济政策- Fiscal policy 财政政策- Monetary policy 货币政策- Capital 资本- Investment 投资- Stock market 股票市场- Bond 债券- Entrepreneur 企业家- Corporation 公司- Partnership 合伙企业- Franchise 特许经营- Small business 小企业- Startup 创业公司- Merger and acquisition (M&A) 并购- Supply chain 供应链- Logistics 物流- Distribution 分销- Wholesale 批发- Retail 零售- E-commerce 电子商务- Digital economy 数字经济- Intellectual property (IP) 知识产权- Patent 专利- Trademark 商标- Copyright 版权- Licensing 许可证- Contract 合同- Negotiation 谈判- Bid 竞标- Auction 拍卖- Deal 交易- Invoice 发票- Payment 付款- Credit 信用- Debtor 债务人- Creditor 债权人- Bankruptcy 破产- Audit 审计- Accounting 会计- Budget 预算- Finance 金融- Venture capital (VC) 风险投资- Private equity (PE) 私募股权- Angel investor 天使投资人- Stock option 股票期权- Dividend 股息- Bonus 奖金- Salary 薪水- Wage 工资- Cost 成本- Price 价格- Profit margin 利润率-Markup 加价- Discount 折扣- Marketing 营销- Advertising 广告- Brand 品牌- Customer 顾客- Sales 销售- Market research 市场调研- Product development 产品开发- Quality control 质量控制- Packaging 包装- Distribution channel 分销渠道- Supply chain management (SCM) 供应链管理- Logistics management 物流管理- Inventory management 库存管理- Just-in-time (JIT) 准时制- Lean manufacturing 精益生产- Total quality management (TQM) 全面质量管理- Six Sigma 六西格玛- ISO 9000 国际标准化组织9000 系列标准- ERP 企业资源规划系统- CRM 客户关系管理系统- SCM 供应链管理系统- B2B 企业对企业电子商务- B2C 企业对消费者电子商务- C2C 消费者对消费者电子商务- Online payment 在线支付- Digital wallet 数字钱包- Cybersecurity 网络安全- Data protection 数据保护- Privacy 隐私- Encryption 加密- Cloud computing 云计算- Artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能- Blockchain 区块链- Big data 大数据- Internet of Things (IoT) 物联网- 5G 第五代移动通信技术这些只是经贸英语词汇中的一部分，经贸领域非常广泛，涉及到众多专业和行业，因此还有很多其他的词汇和术语。
商务英语中常用术语的翻译
商务英语中常用术语的翻译定价和支付price and payment1.CIF 到岸价格/ 成本加保险费,运费价2.FOB离岸价格/ 装运港船上交货3.CFR离岸加运费价格/ 成本加运费价格4.佣金commission5.折扣discount6.净价,单价net price / unit price7.定金down payment8.分期付款installment payment询盘和报盘1.询盘inquiry2.发盘offer3.还盘counter-offer4.实盘firm offer5.虚盘non-firm offer6.规格specification7.样品sample8.交货delivery9.定货order10.最低价rockbottomprice11.价格单price list单据document1.形式发票proformainvoice2.商业发票commercial invoice3.领事发票consular invoice4.汇票draft / bill of exchange5.即期信用证sight draft6.远期信用证usancedraft7.信用证letter of credit / L/C8.即期信用证sight L/C9.远期信用证usanceL/C10. 装船通知shipping advice11.装箱单packing list11.货运单据shipping documents12.海运提单bill of lading / B/L13.清洁提单clean B/L14.不清洁提单unclean B/L16.保险单insurance policy17.检验证书certificate of inspection18.质检证书certificate of quality19.原产地证明书certificate of origin20.进口许可证import license21.出口许可证export license22.合同contract23.确认书confirmation24.售货确认书sales confirmation25.购货确认书confirmation of purchase。
时事政治经济术语词汇中英文对照
时事政治术语词汇中英文对照civil partnership：民事伴侣关系witness：证人deploy：部署hard line：强硬路线lash out：严厉斥责clinical trial：临床试验abstention：弃权stoppage：中止；中断vaccinate：接种疫苗detonate：引爆；爆炸mascot：吉祥物cull：扑杀field work：实地考察riot：骚乱；暴动derail：脱轨；出轨stampede：蜂拥；踩踏stamp out：扑灭runoff：决定性竞选adjournment：延期；休会trilogy：三部曲touch down：着陆；落地Low profile：低调的形象cold front：冷锋blast off：发射；升空launch pad：发射台relief：救济；救济品aftershock：余震mire：陷入困境mastermind：策划felony：重罪hearing：听证会bear down on：逼近power-for-money deal：权钱交易exit poll：投票后民调standoff：僵局theme park：主题公园hunt down：追捕直至抓获tenure：任期bustling：熙熙攘攘的overshadow：投上阴影hands-on：亲自参与deplore：深表遗憾hordes of：成群的death toll：死亡人数sexual harassment：性骚扰constitution：宪法deliberate on：审议martyr：烈士；殉难者military exercises：军事演习clamp down on：施压于；压制Fatality：死亡；宿命Cruise missile：巡航导弹Whopping：巨大的Reconnaissance：侦察，踏勘Touch down：着陆，降落Smother：使熄灭，使窒息Haze：薄雾Remand：还押，押候Submarine：潜艇Sticking point：症结Protracted：延长的Bloodthirsty：残忍的Amphibious assault vehicle：水陆两用装甲车Surveillance：监视，监督Recess：休会；暂时中断Jetliner：喷气式客机Downpour：倾盆大雨Half brother：异父或异母兄弟Desolate：荒凉的，无人烟的Compare notes：交换意见Drought：旱灾；干旱季节Erode：腐蚀；使减少、减弱Defending champion：卫冕冠军Hunger strike：绝食抗议Disaffected：不忠的，不满的Seal off：封锁，阻隔Strand：使陷于困境Tribunal：特等法庭Sabotage：蓄意破坏Devout：虔敬的，诚恳的Operation：军事行动Shucks：歉意，失望Hand out：分发，施舍Rear-end：追尾Shed light on：使某事清楚Overrun：蹂躏，侵占Barbed：有刺的Margin of error：误差幅度Disarmament：裁军，解除武装Head for：动身，前往Double-decker：双层巴士Outskirts：市郊，郊外Edge out：微微胜过Anonymity：匿名，无名Blistering：酷热的Envoy：外交使节，特使Launch window：发射时限Upbeat：乐观的，愉快的Disrespectful：失礼的，无礼的Aggression：侵略；挑衅美国政治术语全记录之英汉对照(A-G)academic freedom：(学术自由) affirmative action:(弱族辅助行动) AFL-CIO：Abbreviation for the American Federation of Labor–Congress of Industrial Organizations, (美国联邦工会)Alaskan pipeline：(阿拉斯加石油运输管道)alderman：(AWL-duhr-muhn) A member of a city council. 市政代表American Civil Liberties Union：美国民权自由同盟.American Dream：美国梦American Legion：美国老兵会antitrust legislation：反托拉斯立法apportionment：议会席位分配appropriation：拨款arbitration：仲裁Atomic Energy Commission：原子能委员会attorney general of the United States：美国司法部长block grant: 一种联邦对各州的拨款blue laws:蓝色法令,通常是限制酒吧及酒类在星期天营业或销售的法令. branches of government:政府各部门broad construction:广义解释(指对宪法) busing:公车接送学生.(反种族歧视的手段之一)cabinet:内阁, 包括14个联邦政府部长campaign finance reform:竞选资助改革capital offense:死罪, 包括谋杀和叛国罪等可能被判死刑的犯罪capital punishment:死刑Capitol Hill:国会山caucus:(KAW-kuhs) 美国的党代会Central Intelligence Agency:中央情报局checks and balances:(权力)制衡civil liberties:民事自由civil rights:民事权利clear and present danger:显而易见的危险(一种限制言论自由的标准.) closed primary:闭锁式初选，排他性预选cloture:(KLOH-chuhr) 以表决结束辩论coattail effect:裙带关系影响commander in chief:全军统帅(指战争状态的总统)confirmation hearings:确认听证Congress:国会Congressional Record:国会记录. conscientious objector:拒服兵役者Constitution, United States:美国宪法. containment, policy of:牵制外交政策contempt of Congress:藐视国会contempt of court:藐视法庭court of appeals:上诉法院cruel and unusual punishment:异常酷刑dark horse:黑马de facto segregation:种族隔离defendant:The party that is being sued in court. (Compare plaintiff.)Democrat:民主党员.Department of Agriculture:农业部Department of Commerce:商业部Department of Defense:国防部, 总部设在Pentagon.(五角大楼) Department of Education:教育部Department of Energy:能源部Department of Health and Human Services:健康及公共事业部Department of Housing and Urban Development:住宅及城市发展部Department of Justice:司法部Department of Labor:劳动部Department of State:国务院,(与中国不同,该相当于外交部,首脑叫国务卿(secretary of state.)Department of the Interior:内务部Department of the Treasury:财政部Department of Transportation:交通部Department of Veterans Affairs:退役军人事务部direct primary:一种选举程序,中国无对应的名词,遂附英语原注释An election in which voters choose candidates to run on a party’s ticket in a subsequent election for public office. district attorney:地区检控官(律师) dollar diplomacy:美元外交domino theory:多米诺理论(指对一个主要的共产党国家失去控制将导致区域性共产主义运动.donkey:驴,民主党的徽记double jeopardy:双重处罚,指在统一管辖范围对统一犯罪审判两次.该属宪法禁止的.draft:抓壮丁式的征兵draft dodger:逃壮丁者Drug Enforcement Administration:毒品管理署due process of law:正当审判原则, 指公民未经正当合法的司法程序不得被剥夺生命,自由和财产.E pluribus unum:众多中的一个.(拉丁语美国格言,印在美国货币上)Eastern Establishment:东部权势集团Electoral College:选民代表(选民选出的再投票代表们)elephant:象(共和党党徽) entitlements:联邦资助项目(复) Environmental Protection Agency:环保署Equal Employment Opportunity Commission:平等就业机会委员会equal opportunity:机会平等(教育,就业,人权等方面)equal protection of the laws:法律面前人人平等Equal Rights Amendment:平权修正案equal time:指政党代表在电视,电台辩论发言时间均等ex post facto:溯及既往ex post facto law:溯及既往的法律 (为宪法所禁止)executive branch:执行部门farm bloc:国会里的农业集团favorite son:最佳候选人Federal Bureau of Investigation:联邦调查局federalism:联邦制fellow traveler:同党felony:重罪Fifth Amendment:第五修正俺filibuster:为阻挠议事而进行的冗长发言First Amendment:第一修正案Foggy Bottom:雾底(美国国务院的昵称,取自原座落地名)Foreign Relations Committee:对外关系委员会Foreign Service:住外事务处,(外交使团的总称)Fourteenth Amendment:十四修正案. franchise:政治上指投票权freedom of assembly:集会自由freedom of association:结社自由freedom of religion:宗教自由. freedom of speech:言论自由. freedom of the press:新闻自由friend of the court:指法庭顾问gay rights:同性恋权利.gender gap:性别隔阂.指男女之间日见明显的投票倾向的差异gerrymander:指执政党为保持选举优势采取的重划选区以削弱反对党选民范围的方法.Good Neighbor policy:罗斯福对拉丁美洲的好邻居政策GOP:Abbreviation of Grand Old Party, 大老党,共和党的别称grand jury:大陪审团guilt by association:连坐gunboat diplomacy:炮舰外交habeas corpus:人身保护hawks and doves:鹰派与鸽派hearsay:传闻homicide:他杀(有合法非法之分) House of Representatives:众议院hung jury:未作出裁决的陪审团政治用语英汉翻译马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、江泽民“三个代表”重要思想Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin “Three Represent’s”important Thought新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure 社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in theprimary stage of socialism改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China马克思主义政党Marxist political Party 党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (second\third)generation人民民主专政the people’s democratic dictatorship国民经济体系national economic system综合国力aggregate national strength 国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP)独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace 马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。
商务英语：有趣的英语经济名词
做商务的人，有些经济名词是不可不知的。
下面是一个经济名词的小集合，看看你都知道了吗？1. air pocket 气囊：指一种股票的显而易见的极其虚弱性。
2. backdoor listing 后门上市：一家公司因其自身未能符合交易所上市规定，便买进一个上市公司，将自身并入其中而使自己能够上市。
3. basket purchase 一篮子购买：以一种价格购买一组资产。
然而在记帐时，每件物品可以单独记入，并对每件资产指定一个成本。
4. bear trap 空头陷阱：当股票下跌时，引起大量抛售，然后价格又上涨。
5. bed and breakfast deals 床头和早餐交易：卖空骗局。
个人或公司根据事先安排的交易，先卖出股票，继而在第二天买回，以此形成一个抵消资本收益的税损。
本做法仅存于英国。
6. bottom fisher 底部钓鱼人：寻找那些价格已跌至最底点，即将发生转机的商品或股票投资者。
在有些情况下指购买破产或濒临破产组织的股票或债券的人们。
7. butterfly spread 蝴蝶差：同时在相同或不同的市场上买或卖三种期货合同，产生利润和借贷权。
8. Chinese Wall 中国墙：不可逾越的障碍物，用以阻止华尔街商行的交易区不公正地使用投资银行家们从客户那里秘密获得的信息。
9. fallen angle 下坠天使：大公司的高价证券因某些不利的负面消息而使价格突然下跌。
10. golden handcuffs 金手铐：将经纪人和经纪人事务所连结起来的合同；是经纪业对经纪人从一个公司到另一个公司频繁变动的反应。
一般包括将其受雇时接受的大部分报酬返还原公司的协议。
11. gold brick 假金砖：毫无价值的带有欺诈特点的证券。
12. gray knight 灰骑士：公司收购中并非收购对象所寻求的投机性二次投标者，只想利用收购对象和原投标者之间的问题而牟利。
13. graveyard market 墓地市场：一种在其中的不能出来，在外面的不能进去的证券市场。
金融术语
金融术语Notes1.Banks provide most of the credit our economy needs by making loans to enterprises, individuals and governments.银行通过向企业、个人和政府发放贷款，提供我国国民经济所需的大部分信贷资金。
(1)(credit) our economy needs我国国民经济所需的（信贷资金）此句为定语从句，省略了关系代词which，修饰前面的先行词credit。
(2)economy n.①the system or range of economic activity in a country, region, or community经济体：国家、地区或群体的经济活动体系和范围例：Effects of inflation were felt at every level of the economy.通货膨胀影响到每一经济阶层②a specific type of economic system经济制度：特定经济体系类型例：an industrial economy; a planned economy.工业经济体制；计划经济体制(3)by making loans to enterprises, individuals and governments是介词短语，在句中做状语。
by prep. with the use or help of; through借助于；通过(4)making (loans to…)是动名词，做介词by的宾语。
2.The interest that borrowers pay for their loans or for their notes discounted forms the major source of banks' income.借款人支付贷款或贴现票据的利息形成了银行主要收入的来源。
会计英语1-14章术语翻译（仅供参考,不足之处望批评指正。）
Chapter 1 Accounting会计Accounting equation会计等式Assets资产Auditors审计师Balance sheet资产负债表Bookkeeping记账Business entity assumption会计主体原则Common stock普通股Corporation公司Cost principle成本原则Equity权益Ethics伦理Events事项Expanded accounting equation扩展的会计等式Expenses费用External transactions外部交易External users外部信息使用者Financial accounting财务会计FASB美国财务会计准则委员会Full disclosure principle充分披露原则GAAP公认会计原则Going-concern assumption持续经营原则Income statement损益表Internal transactions内部交易Internal users内部信息使用者IASB国际会计准则理事会Liabilities负债Managerial accounting管理会计Matching principle配比原则Monetary unit assumption货币单位原则Net income净收益Net loss净损失Owner ,Capital所有者名下的资本Owner investment所有者投资Owner withdrawals所有者提取Partnership合伙企业Proprietorship独资企业Recordkeeping记账Revenue recognition principle收入确认原则Revenues收入Sarbanes –Oxley Act《萨班斯—奥克斯利法案》SEC证劵交易委员会Shareholders股东Shares股份Sole proprietorship个人独资企业Statement of cash flows现金流量表Statement of owner’s equity所有者权益表Stock股票Stockholders股东Time period assumption会计分期原则Withdrawals提取Chapter 2 Account账户Account balance账户余额Balance column account三栏式账户Chart of accounts会计科目表Compound journal entry复合日记账分录Credit贷方Creditors债权人Debit借方Debtors债务人Double-entry accounting复式记账法General journal普通日记账General ledger总分类账Journal日记账Journalizing 登记日记账Ledger分类账Posting过账(PR) column过账索引栏Source documents原始凭证T-account T型账户Trial balance试算平衡表Unearned revenue预收收入Chapter 3 Accounting period会计期间Accrual basis accounting权责发生制会计Accrued expenses应计费用Accrued revenues应计收入Adjusted trial balance调整后试算平衡表Adjusting entry调整分录Annual financial statements年度财务报表Book value账面价值Cash basis accounting收付实现制会计Contra account备抵账户Depreciation折旧Fiscal year会计年度Interim financial statements中期财务报表Matching principle配比原则Natural business year自然营业年度Plant assets固定资产Prepaid expenses预付费用Straight-line depreciation method直线折旧法Time period assumption会计分期原则Unadjusted trial balance调整前的试算平衡表Unearned revenues 预收收入Chapter 4 Accounting cycle会计循环Classified balance sheet分类资产负债表Closing entries结账分录Closing process结账过程Current assets流动资产Current liabilities流动负债Income summary损益汇总账户Intangible assets无形资产Long-term investments长期投资Long-term liabilities长期负债Operating cycle营业周期Permanent accounts永久性账户Post-closing trial balance结账后试算平衡表Pro forma financial statements预测财务报表Temporary accounts临时性账户Unclassified balance sheet未分类资产负债表Working papers工作底稿Work sheet工作底表Chapter 5 Cash discount现金折扣Cost of goods sold商品销售成本Credit memorandum贷记通知单Credit period 信用期Credit terms信用条件Debit memorandum借记通知单Discount period折扣期EOM月末FOB交货点General and administrative expenses一般及行政管理费用Gross margin毛利Gross profit毛利Inventory存货List price价目表价格Merchandise 商品Merchandise inventory库存商品Merchandiser商业企业Multiple-step income statement多步式损益表Periodic inventory system定期盘存制Perpetual inventory system永续盘存制Purchase discount购货折扣Retailer零售商Sales discount销售折扣Selling expenses销售费用Shrinkage损耗Single-step income statement单步式损益表Supplementary records辅助记录Trade discount商业折扣Wholesaler批发商Chapter 6 A verage cost平均成本Conservatism constraint稳健性原则Consignee 收货人Consignor发货人Consistency concept一致性原则FIFO先进先出法Interim statements中期报告LIFO后进先出法LCM成本与市价孰低法Net realizable value可变现净值Specific identification个别认定法Weighted average加权平均法Chapter 7 Accounts payable ledger应付账款分类账Accounts receivable ledger应收账款分类账Cash disbursements journal现金支出日记账Cash receipts journal现金收入日记账Check register支票登记薄Columnar journal多栏式日记账Compatibility principle适应性原则Controlling account统驭账户Control principle控制原则Cost-benefit principle成本—收益原则Flexibility princ iple灵活性原则General journal普通日记账Internal controls内部控制Purchases journal购货日记账Relevance principle相关性原则Sales journal销售日记账Schedule of accounts payable应付账款明细表Schedule of accounts receivable应收账款明细表Special journal特种日记账Subsidiary ledger明细分类账Chapter 8 Bank reconciliation银行存款余额调节表Bank statement银行对账单Canceled checks注销支票Cash 现金Cash equivalents现金等价物Cash over and short现金溢缺Check支票Deposit ticket存款单Deposits in transit在途存款EFT电子资金转账Internal control system内部控制制度Liquid assets流动资产Liquidity偿债能力Outstanding checks未兑现支票Petty cash备用金Principles of internal control内部控制原则Sarbanes-Oxley Act《萨班斯—奥克斯利法案》Signature card印鉴卡V oucher 凭单V oucher system凭单制Chapter 9 Accounts receivable应收账款Aging of accounts receivable应收账款账龄分析Allowance for Doubtful Accounts呆帐准备金Allowance method备抵法Bad debts坏账Direct write-off method直接核销法Interest 利息Maker of the note出票人Matching principle配比原则Materiality constraint重要性约束Maturity date of a note票据到期日Payee of the note票据收款人Principal of a note票据的本金Promissory note票据Realizable value可变现价值Chapter 10 Accelerated depreciation method加速折旧法Amortization摊销Asset book value资产账面价值Betterments改良工程投资Capital expenditures资本支出Change in an accounting estimate会计估计变更Copyright版权Cost成本Declining-balance method余额递减法Depletion折耗Depreciation折旧Extraordinary repairs非常修理Franchises特许权Goodwill商誉Impairment减损Inadequacy生产能力不足Indefinite life不确定使用年限Intangible assets无形资产Land improvements土地改良物Lease租约Leasehold租赁权Leasehold improvements租赁资产改良Lessee承租人Lessor 出租人Licenses特许权Limited life有限使用年限MACRS修正后的加速成本回收制度Natural resources自然资源Obsolescence陈旧，过时Ordinary repairs日常维修Patent专利权Plant asset age固定资产寿命Plant assets固定资产Plant asset useful life固定资产使用年限Revenue expenditures收益性支出Salvage value残值Straight-line depreciation直线折旧法Trademark or trade (brand) name商标或品牌Units-of-production depreciation工作量法Useful life使用年限Chapter 11 Contingent liability或有负债Current liabilities流动负债Current portion of long-term debt一年内到期的长期负债Employee benefits员工福利Estimated liability估计负债（FICA）Taxes联邦社会保险税FUTA联邦失业税Gross pay薪资总额Known liabilities已知负债Long-term liabilities长期负债Merit rating考绩Net pay薪资净额Payroll deductions薪资扣款Short-term note payable短期应付票据SUTA州失业救济税Warranty保修Chapter 12Bond 债券Bond certificate债券证书Bond indenture债券契约Carrying (book) value of bonds债券账面价值Discount on bonds payable应付债券折旧Installment note分期付款期票Market rate市场利率Mortgage抵押权Pension plan养老金计划Premium on bonds债券溢价Par value of a bond债券面值Straight-line bond amortization债券利息直线摊销法Chapter 13(AFS) securities可供出售证劵Comprehensive income综合收益Consolidated financial statements合并财务报表Equity method权益法Equity securities with controlling influence具有控制权的权益类证劵Equity securities with significant influence具有重大影响力的权益类证劵(HTM) securities持有至到期证劵Long-term investments长期投资Parent母公司Short-term investments短期投资Subsidiary子公司Trading securities交易性证劵Unrealized gain (loss)未实现收益（损失）Chapter 14Appropriated retained earnings拨定留存收益Authorized stock核定股本Call price赎回价格Callable preferred stock可赎回优先股Capital stock股本Changes in accounting estimates会计估计变更Common stock普通股Convertible preferred stock可转换优先股Corporation股份制公司Cumulative preferred stock累积优先股Date of declaration股利宣告日Date of payment股利发放日Date of record股权登记日Discount on stock股票折旧Dividend in arrears积欠股利Financial leverage财务杠杆Large stock dividend大额股票股利Liquidating cash dividend清算性现金股利Market value per share每股市价Minimum legal capital最低法定资本Noncumulative preferred stock非累积优先股Nonparticipating preferred stock非参与式股票No-par value stock无面值股票Organization expenses组建费Paid-in capital实收资本Paid-in capital in excess of par value资本溢价Participating preferred stock参与式股票Par value面值Par value stock有面值股票Preemptive right优先认股权Preferred stock优先股Premium on stock股票溢价Prior period adjustments前期损益调整Proxy授权委托书Restricted retained earnings限定用途留存收益Retained earnings 留存收益Retained earnings deficit留存收益赤字Reverse stock split并股Small stock dividend小额股票股利Stated value stock设定价值股票Statement of stockholders’ equity股东权益表Stock dividend股票股利Stock options股票期权Stock split股票分割Stockholders’ equity股东权益Treasury stock库藏股教你如何用WORD文档(2012-06-27 192246)转载▼标签：杂谈1. 问：WORD 里边怎样设置每页不同的页眉？如何使不同的章节显示的页眉不同？答：分节，每节可以设置不同的页眉。
中国英语中的经济词汇
摘 要 由于中西⽅⽂化、思维⽅式和汉英两种语⾔之间的差异,使中国英语中的经济词汇和术语成为⼀种独特的语⾔现象。
它们既符合英语的基本规范,⼜与中国国情密切相关,反映了中国的经济⽅针政策、经济现象和经济特点。
本⽂重点讨论中国经济词汇与术语的翻译⽅法和表达特点,并从词汇层⾯上进⾏相关的分析和研究。
关键词 中国英语 经济词汇和术语 翻译⽅法 表达特点 Abstract Of recent , there have appeared a good number of English words and expressions related to Chinese economy. They are special in the sense that they conform to the English linguistic norms and meanwhile closely reflect China's economic principles and policies. The present paper focuses on techniques of translating such economic terms from Chinese into English. Key Words China English economic terms translation techniques expression features 根据语⽤学原理,任何经济词汇都具有⼀定的社会和历史内涵。
我国⾃改⾰开放以来,出现了⼤量具有中国特⾊的经济词汇,它们反映了我国各不同阶段的经济形势、经济⽅针政策以及相关的经济⽂化内涵,其英译体现了中国英语的鲜明特⾊。
虽然其中也不乏⼀些“正宗”的产⽣于西⽅国家的经济学术语,但由于在中国的具体运⽤⽽使其含义有所改变,更适合中国的国情,反映了中国的经济特点。
杜瑞清教授在述评“中国英语”时深刻地指出“由于缺乏对中国特⾊词的理论研究和应有的指导性规范,中国英语⽬前在使⽤上仍处于相当混乱的状态”。
金融外汇交易常用英语
外汇常用英语词汇AAccount 帐目所有交易的记录。
Account Balance 帐户结余含义同“结余”。
Agent 代理受雇于他人（委托人）并代表其作为的个人。
Aggregate Demand 总需求政府开支、个人消费支出以及企业费用的总和。
All or None 整批委托一种限价定单，要求代理商在特定的价格下，要么执行全部定单，要么不执行定单。
Appreciation 增值当物价应市场需求抬升时，一种货币即被称作增值，资产价值因而增加。
Arbitrage 套汇利用不同市场的对冲价格，通过买入或卖出信用工具，同时在相应市场中买入相同金额但方向相反的头寸，以便从细微价格差额中获利。
Ask Size 卖价数量以卖出价出售的股票数量。
Ask Rate 卖出价被售金融工具的最低价格（与在买出/卖入差价中同义）。
Asset Allocation 资产分配投资实务，将资金在不同的市场（外汇、股票、债券、商品、房地产）间分配，以达到分散风险管理的目的，并且/或者实现与投资者或投资管理者展望一致的预期收益。
AttorneyinFact 代理人由于持有委任状，因而可代表他人进行商业交易并执行文件的人。
BBack Office 事务部门与金融交易结算相关的部门和程序（即：书面确认和交易结算，帐目管理）。
Balance 结余帐户中的金额。
Balance of Payments 国际收支指一国承认的，在一定时期内对外交易的记录，包括商品、服务和资本流动。
Base Currency 基础通货投资者或者发行商用以计帐的通货。
其它货币均比照其进行报价的通货。
在外汇市场中，美元通常被认为是用作报价的“基础”通货，意即：报价表达式为1美元的1个单位每（报价货币对中的）另一种货币。
Basis 基差即期价格与远期价格的差额。
Basis Point 基点百分之一的一百分之一。
Bear 空头业者认为价格/市场将下跌的投资者。
Bear Market 熊市以长时期下跌的价格为特征，同时弥漫着悲观情绪的市场。
专业术语熟语英语翻译
积极探索、求真务实 try to explore new ways and be realistic and pragmatic 从严治党 tightening the Party discipline 保持党的先进性和纯洁性 maintain the Party’s advanced nature and purity 增强党的凝聚力和战斗力 enhance the Party’s cohesive and fighting capacity 自强不息，锐意进取，艰苦奋斗，勤俭建 国 make unremitting efforts to overcome difficulties, build the country with industry and thrift
社会化、市场化 socialization and market orientation 坚持物质文明和精神文明两手抓、两手 都要硬的方针 promote material progress and cultural and ethical progress, attaching equal importance to both. 集中力量办大事 concentrate our forces on a major task 民族振兴 rejuvenating the nation 拨乱反正 set things right
四项基本原则 the Four Cardinal Principles of adherence to the socialist road, the people’s democratic dictatorship, the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought. 荣获先进单位称号 be honoured with the title of advanced unit 全面提高劳动者素质 improve the overall quality of the work force
英语中经济术语翻译
最新常用经济术语国民经济NATIONAL ECONOMY,中国化chinization对外经济贸易FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS AND TRADE经济指标economic indicators社会总产值total product of society国民生产总值GNP (Gross National Product)国内生产总值GDP (Gross Domestic Product)人均国内生产总值GDP per capita工农业总产值gross output value of industry and agriculture国民收入national income购买力平价法purchasing power parity ( the fact of the units of money of two different countries being equal财政收入state revenue社会商品零售总额total volume of retail sales社会零售物价总指数general retail price index百分点percentage points"八五"计划the 8th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development计划经济planned economy统购统销state monopoly over purchase and marketing市场经济market economy指令性计划mandatory plan指导性计划guidance plan市场调节market regulation建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政"三个机制" establish operational mechanisms of market economy, rule by law, democratic supervision and incorruptible government抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技"三个基础" stress priorities over agriculture, transportation and energy supply, education and science and technology实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质"三个优化" optimize industrial structure, ecological environment and the quality of population第一、二、三产业primary, secondary and tertiary industries外向型经济export-oriented economy创汇型企业foreign exchange-earning enterprise劳动密集型labor intensive技术、智力、资本密集型technology, knowledge or capital intensive高附加值的深加工down-stream processing with high added-value优化资源配置optimize allocation of resources生产力productive forces生产资料capital goods科研成果产业化industrialization of research findings火炬计划Torch Plan技术入股technology appraised as capital stock风险投资venture investment/capital固定资产投资investment in fixed assets折旧费depreciation cost关系民生的产品products vital to the people’s l ivelihood供大于求oversupply供不应求short supply经济过热overheated economy抑制炒房地产热stem frenzied and speculative trading in the property market经济指标economic indicators社会总产值total product of society工农业总产值gross output value of industry and agriculture国民收入national income生产力productive forces生产资料capital goods宏观调控macro-economic control经济杠杆economic levers产业政策industrial policy财政, 税收, 信贷，利率, 汇率public financing, taxation, credit, interest rate, exchange rate提高经济效益enhance economic performance/returns社会效益social effect/returns实现持续、稳定、协调的发展bring about sustained, stable and coordinated development财政赤字(盈余) budget deficit(surplus)外贸出口总额gross foreign export value外商直接投资协议金额contracted foreign direct investment实际利用外资foreign investment in actual use三资企业(中外合资合作、外商独资经营) three kinds of enterprises with foreign investment: sino-foreign joint venture, contractual joint venture允许外商独资经营allow full foreign equity operation优惠条件favorable terms减免税收tax reduction and exemption合作方式approaches to cooperation出资方式means of contributing investment合营期限contract term of a joint venture三来一补(来料加工,来件装配,来样加工) processing and compensationtrades(processing with materials or given samples, assembling supplied components)贸易伙伴trade partner转口贸易transit trade积极引进外来资金、技术、人才和管理经验actively introduce capital, technology, competent professionals and managerial expertise form outside交钥匙工程turn-key project招标承包制bidding invitation contract system招标出售技术bids for technology公开招标call for bid; tenders招标单invitation for bid (IFB)标书bidding document竟标competitive bidding投标bid for a project投标报价书bid proposals评标bid proposal evaluation开标bid opening中标win a bid; be awarded a tender拍卖auction租赁leasing保税区bonded area; free trade area实行全方位开放practice multi-directional opening统一政策、放开经营、平等竞争、unified policy, liberalized operation, and equal competition自负盈亏、工贸结合、推行代理制responsibility for one’s own profits and losses, the integration of industry and foreign trade, and the promotion of agent system知识产权intellectual property rights技术转让technology transfer可行性研究feasibility study意向书letter of intent投资环境investment environment跨国公司transnational corporation基础设施infrastructure20年基本实现现代化basically achieve modernization in 20 years发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用serve as a medium for introducing advanced technologies, managerial expertise and qualified professionals from outside.招商attract investment招商项目project proposals for investment同国际惯例接轨follow the international codes of practice; bring … in line with the international usage加大改革力度intensify reforms一条龙服务one package service一支笔审批one-chop approval我们两市的经济互补性很强。
外汇英语术语的翻译
外汇英语术语的翻译外汇是以外币表现的用于国际金融结算的支付凭证。
店铺为大家整理了外汇英语术语的翻译，希望对你有帮助哦!外汇英语术语的翻译一：CPI，即Consumer Price Index,居民消费价格指数Employment Cost Index 就业成本指数Retail Sales Index 零售销售指数Diffusion Index景气动向指数The National Association of Purchasing Management : 全国采购管理协会Productivity and Unit Labor Cost 生产力与单位劳动成本Employment Report 就业报告Producer Price Index：生产者物价指数Personal Income and Consumption 个人收入与支出New Home Sales 新屋销售Consumer Confidence Index：消费者信心指数Industrial Production Index：工业生产指数Capacity Utilization Rate：设备利用率Purchase Management Index采购经理人指数median estimate 媒体预计interest rate 利率release 消息发布basis point 基点hike 加价，加息tightening 紧缩sluggish 不振的，不活跃的，停滞的negative impact 负面影响NYMEX 纽约商业期货交易所psychological support 心理支撑位range 区间，有上下极限值取限的区间，通常用于箱体描述sideway 横向盘整sharp correction 快速调整pararrel trend channel 平行通道trendline 趋势线turning point 转折点reversal 反转golden ratio 黄金比率golden rectangle 黄金矩形amplitude ratio 幅度比率time ratio时间比率commodities商品期货futures 期货line 盘整random walk theory 随机漫步理论inflation 通货膨胀外汇英语术语的翻译二：triple tops 三重顶triple bottoms 三重底double tops 双顶double bottoms 双底spike top 单顶V bottom V型底rounding top 圆顶rounding bottom 圆底deflation 通货紧缩price pattern 价格型态reversal pattern 反转型态continuation pattern 调整型态head and shoulders top 头肩顶head and shoulders bottom 头肩底triangles 三角型态flags 旗型pennants 三角旗型wedges 楔型rectangles 矩型head and shoulder reversal pattern 头肩反转型态neckline 颈线return move 反弹rebound 反弹failed heand and shoulders 失败头肩型态M top M头island reversal 岛型反转symmetrical triangle 同构三角型ascending triangle 上升三角型descending triangle 下降三角型expanding triangle 扩展三角型broadening formation 喇叭口型bottoming pattern 底部型态diamond formation 菱型或钻石型oscillatior 振荡指标valid trendline 有效趋势线price filter 价格过滤器价格突破阻力或支撑多少点位才可确定为有效突破。
商务英语中的英文缩写
1. GATT :General Agreement On Tariffs and Trade 关税与贸易总协定2. WTO :World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织3. FDI :Foreign Direct Investment 对外直接投资4. IMF :International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织5. MFN :Most Favored Nation 最惠国待遇6. EEC :European Economic Community 欧洲经济共同体7．NAFTA :North American Free Trade Agreement 北美自由贸易协定8. NT :National Treatment 国民待遇9. BOP :Balance Of Payments 国际收支10.CPI :Consumer Price Index 消费价格指数11.IPO :Initial Public Offerings 首次公开募股12.MNC :Multinational Company 跨国公司13.CEO :Chief Executive Officer 首席执行官14.CFO :Chief Financial Officer 财务总监15.GDP :Gross Domestic Product 国内生产总值16.GNP :Gross National Product 国民生产总值17.EEO :Equal Employment Opportunity 均等就业机会18．EDI :Electronic Data Interchange 电子数据交换19. NI :National Insurance 国民收入20. IT :Information Technology 信息技术21. APEC :Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 亚太经合组织22．LC :Letter Of Credit 信用证23. BL :Bill Of Lading 海运提单24. LDC :Less Developed Countries 发展中国家25. RTA :Regional Trade Agreement 区域性贸易协定26. M&A :Merger And Acquisition 并购27. R&D :Research And Development 研发1.market structure 市场结构2.industry structure 产业结构3.product substitutability 产品替代性4.monopolistic competition 垄断竞争5.perfect competition 完全竞争6.demand curve 需求曲线7.retail trade 零售业8.physical difference 物理差异9.relative resource mobility 相对资源流动性10.product differentiation 产品差异11.marginal revenue 边际收益12.marginal cost 边际成本13.opportunity cost 机会成本14.capital gain tax 资本利得税15.trade creation 贸易创造16.trade diversion 贸易转移17.imperfect competition 不完全竞争18.lump sum transfers 一次性转移19.redistribution of income 收益再分配20.factor subsidies 要素补贴21.trade barrier 贸易壁垒22.most favored nation 最惠国待遇23.tariff reductions 关税削减24.customs union 关税同盟25.income tax 所得税26.virtual economy 虚拟经济27.fiscal policy 财政政策28.taxable income 应税所得29.regressive tax 递减税30.proportional tax 比例税31.flat tax 单一税制32.standards of living 生活水平33.full employment 充分就业34.National treatment 国民待遇35.anti-dumping and countervailing duties 反倾销税36.freedom of trade 贸易自由化37.balance of payments 国民收支38.tariff concessions 关税减让39.freed-trade area 自由贸易区40.mission statement 公司使命41.strategic planning 战略规划42.scope of the business 营业范围43.market standing 市场地位anizational structure 组织结构45.behavior modification 行为矫正anizational change 组织变迁47.group dynamics 集团动态48.potential customer 潜在顾客49.target market 目标市场50.market segment 市场细分petitive advantage 竞争优势52.distribution channel 分销渠道53.supply chain 供应链54.business communication 商务沟通55.customer relation 客户关系56.public relation 公共关系57.verbal communication 口头沟通58.nonverbal communication 非言语沟通59.work ethnic 职业道德60.public speaking 公开演讲61.business correspondence 商业通信三、翻译句子1floatingIt is not surprising ,then ,that the world saw a return to a floating exchange rate system .Central banks were no longer required to support their own currencies.在这种情况下，世界各国又恢复浮动利率就不足为奇了。
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最新常用经济术语国民经济NATIONAL ECONOMY,中国化chinization对外经济贸易FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS AND TRADE 经济指标economic indicators社会总产值total product of society国民生产总值GNP (Gross National Product)国生产总值GDP (Gross Domestic Product)人均国生产总值GDP per capita工农业总产值gross output value of industry and agriculture 国民收入national income购买力平价法purchasing power parity ( the fact of the units of money of two different countries being equal财政收入state revenue社会商品零售总额total volume of retail sales社会零售物价总指数general retail price index百分点percentage points"八五"计划the 8th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development计划经济planned economy统购统销state monopoly over purchase and marketing市场经济market economy指令性计划mandatory plan指导性计划guidance plan市场调节market regulation建立市场经济、法制、监督和廉政"三个机制" establish operational mechanisms of market economy, rule by law, democratic supervision and incorruptible government抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技"三个基础" stress priorities over agriculture, transportation and energy supply, education and science and technology实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质"三个优化" optimize industrial structure, ecological environment and the quality of population第一、二、三产业primary, secondary and tertiary industries外向型经济export-oriented economy创汇型企业foreign exchange-earning enterprise劳动密集型labor intensive技术、智力、资本密集型technology, knowledge or capital intensive 高附加值的深加工down-stream processing with high added-value 优化资源配置optimize allocation of resources生产力productive forces生产资料capital goods科研成果产业化industrialization of research findings火炬计划Torch Plan技术入股technology appraised as capital stock风险投资venture investment/capital固定资产投资investment in fixed assets折旧费depreciation cost关系民生的产品products vital to the people’s livelihood供大于求oversupply供不应求short supply经济过热overheated economy抑制炒房地产热stem frenzied and speculative trading in the property market经济指标economic indicators社会总产值total product of society工农业总产值gross output value of industry and agriculture国民收入national income生产力productive forces生产资料capital goods宏观调控macro-economic control经济杠杆economic levers产业政策industrial policy财政, 税收, 信贷，利率, 汇率public financing, taxation, credit, interest rate, exchange rate提高经济效益enhance economic performance/returns社会效益social effect/returns实现持续、稳定、协调的发展bring about sustained, stable and coordinated development财政赤字(盈余) budget deficit(surplus)外贸出口总额gross foreign export value外商直接投资协议金额contracted foreign direct investment实际利用外资foreign investment in actual use三资企业(中外合资合作、外商独资经营) three kinds of enterprises with foreign investment: sino-foreign joint venture, contractual joint venture允许外商独资经营allow full foreign equity operation优惠条件favorable terms减免税收tax reduction and exemption合作方式approaches to cooperation出资方式means of contributing investment合营期限contract term of a joint venture三来一补(来料加工,来件装配,来样加工) processing and compensation trades(processing with materials or given samples, assembling supplied components)贸易伙伴trade partner转口贸易transit trade积极引进外来资金、技术、人才和管理经验actively introduce capital, technology, competent professionals and managerial expertise form outside交钥匙工程turn-key project招标承包制bidding invitation contract system招标出售技术bids for technology公开招标call for bid; tenders招标单invitation for bid (IFB)标书bidding document竟标competitive bidding投标bid for a project投标报价书bid proposals评标bid proposal evaluation开标bid opening中标win a bid; be awarded a tender拍卖auction租赁leasing保税区bonded area; free trade area实行全方位开放practice multi-directional opening统一政策、放开经营、平等竞争、unified policy, liberalized operation, and equal competition自负盈亏、工贸结合、推行代理制responsibility for one’s own profits and losses, the integration of industry and foreign trade, and the promotion of agent system知识产权intellectual property rights技术转让technology transfer可行性研究feasibility study意向书letter of intent投资环境investment environment跨国公司transnational corporation基础设施infrastructure20年基本实现现代化basically achieve modernization in 20 years发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用serve as a medium for introducing advanced technologies, managerial expertise and qualified professionals from outside.招商attract investment招商项目project proposals for investment同国际惯例接轨follow the international codes of practice; bring …in line with the international usage加大改革力度intensify reforms一条龙服务one package service一支笔审批one-chop approval我们两市的经济互补性很强。
To a great extent, the economies between out two cities are complementary to each other.平等互利，互通有无equality and mutual benefit, and trading of neededgoods外引联act as an intermediary for introducing foreign capital and establishing domestic connections保持发展后劲bring about a sustainable development; sustain momentum of development三通一平（水通、电通、路通、施工场地平）"three connections and one leveling" assuring that a construction site is connected to water and electric power supplies and roads, and that the ground is leveled before a project is begun.瓶颈bottleneck以工养农use industrial income to finance agriculture以路养路use tolls to repay investment in road projects下放审批权delegate the authority to examine and approve to lower levels统而不死，活而不乱ensure a flexible control良性循环positive cycle国民经济的支柱mainstay of the national economy格局初步形成Pattern has taken initial shape.理顺企业的产权关系rationalize the property rights relationships of enterprises政策性亏损policy-related loss三角债chain debts上不封顶，下不保底set no ceiling limit and give no minimum guarantee企业“工效挂钩”link total payroll with the performance of an enterprise生意兴隆/冷淡Business is booming/sluggish质量信得过单位quality trustworthy organization批量生产mass production以销定产limit production to market ability联企业inland associated enterprises菜篮子工程shopping basket project国产化percentage of home-made parts配套改革coordinated reforms配套措施supporting measures配套工程auxiliary project国配套资金domestic funds向基础工业倾斜的政策policy in favor of basic industry升级换代upgrading and updating看好经济增长think highly of economic growth行情看好Favorable price/market can be expected.行情看涨/跌anticipate lower market price/rising price 随行就市fluctuate in line with market conditions片面追求发展速度seek an unduly high growth rate在过渡时期in a period of transition粗放/集约经营extensive/intensive operation基础地位leading position门类齐全covering extensive fields存款/贷款余额the balance of deposits/loans外汇储备foreign exchange reserves贸易顺差trade surplus完善的市场和发达的金融体制well-established market and sophisticated financial system消灭失业wipe out unemployment降低过热的期货市场，恢复金融秩序cool down the over-heated future market and restore financial order紧缩银根tightenthe money supply一位数水平one digit level保持双边贸易的平衡balance the two-way trade这次会议为两国进一步加强持续的经济联系奠定了坚实的基础。