饮食文化相关词汇

饮食文化相关词汇
食谱recipe
餐前开胃点心appetizer
正／主菜 entrée；main course
附菜side dish
餐后甜食dessert
小吃snack；refreshments
山珍海昧delicacies from land and sea
冷拼盆assorted hors d’oeuvres platter
涮羊肉thin mutton slices quick-boiled in a chafing-dish／Mongolian fire pot
辣的hot
辣椒red pepper
清汤light soup
羊肉mutton
牛肉beef
韭菜tuber onion
腐乳fermented bean curd
花生peanut
芝麻酱sesame paste
白菜 Chinese cabbage
生菜lettuce
菠菜spinach
油菜rape
粉条noodles made from bean or sweet potato starch
豆腐bean curd
海鲜seafood
蛤蜊clam
墨鱼inkfish
牡蛎oyster
什锦色拉mixed vegetable salad with ham
酸辣白菜sweet and sour pickled cabbage
白灼海螺片scalded sliced conch
炒鳝背 fried eel back
炒蟹粉 sautéed crab meat and roes
芙蓉虾仁shrimps with egg white
干烧桂鱼fried mandarin fish in brown sauce
宫保大虾sautéed prawns with hot pepper
锅巴海参crisp rice with sea cucumber
红烧鱼翅braised shark fin in brown sauce
清炖甲鱼stewed soft-shelled turtle
清蒸鳊鱼steamed bream
糖醋黄鱼sweet and sour yellow croaker
糟溜鱼片stewed sliced fish in wine sauce
炒木樨肉stir-fried pork shreds and cabbage with fungus and scrambled eggs 回锅肉twice-cooked pork slices in brown sauce
鱼香肉丝 fish-flavored shredded pork in hot sauce
椒盐排骨spare ribs with pepper and salt
炸猪排fried pork chop
吉利牛排beef cutlet
铁扒牛排grilled beefsteak
蚝油牛肉 sliced beef sautéed in oyster sauce
羊肉串 sliced mutton barbecue
北京烤鸭 roast Beijing duck
宫保鸡丁diced chicken with peanuts；sautéed chicken cubes with chili and peanuts
板肉焖鹌鹑braised quail with bacon
蘑菇煎蛋卷mushroom omelet
炒双冬 sautéed mushrooms and bamboo shoots
麻婆豆腐 spicy and hot bean curd；bean curd with minced pork in chili sauce
生煸四季豆saut6ed string beans
什锦炒蔬stir-fried mixed vegetables
鱼香茄子fish-flavored eggplant
鲍鱼清汤consommé of abalone
凤凰鱼蓉羹thick soup of minced fish and egg-white
火腿鸡丝汤shredded chicken and ham soup
三鲜汤 consommé with three delicious ingredients(shredded chicken，ham and bamboo shoots)
酸辣汤hot and sour soup
鱼翅汤shark fin soup
榨菜肉丝汤shredded pork soup with pickled tuber mustard
紫菜虾米汤dried shrimps and red laver soup
鸡茸蘑菇汤cream of mushroom with chicken
鸡丝火腿汤consommé chicken and ham
牛肉粟米汤beef chowder
八宝饭 babao steamed rice with candied fruits and red bean paste filling 扬州炒饭 Yangchow fried rice
炒米粉fried ground rice noodles
糯米饭cooked glutinous rice
粥；稀饭congee；rice gruel；porridge
小米粥millet gruel
冷面cold noodles
咖喱牛肉面noodle soup with sliced curry beef
炸酱面noodles with fried brown sauce paste
火腿炒通心粉fried macaroni with ham
肉丸实心面spaghetti with meat balls
叉烧包steamed bun filled with roast pork
春卷 spring roll；egg roll stuffed with minced meat and shrimp
葱油饼pan-fried cake with sesame seeds and green onion
油条fried twisted stick
锅贴pan-fried dumpling／ravioli
花卷steamed twisted roll，
饺子Chinese ravioli；dumpling(with meat and vegetable filling)
馒头steamed bun：steamed bread
汤圆glutinous rice dumpling in soup
小笼包子steamed meat dumpling
粽子rice dumpling wrapped in reed leaves
南瓜攀／派pumpkin pie
葡萄干杏仁布丁raisin and almond pudding
香草冰淇淋vanilla ice-cream
什锦水果圣代mixed fruit sundae
生／黑啤draught／dark beer
香槟酒 champagne
红葡萄酒claret；port wine；rosé；red wine
黄酒；花雕酒yellow rice wine
利口酒；露酒；餐后酒liqueur
烈酒spirits；strong liquor
白干white liquor
佐餐酒table wine
补酒tonic liquor／wine
(酒)加冰块的on the rocks
(酒)不加冰块的straight up
矿泉水mineral water
汽水carbonated drink；aerated water；soda(water)
水果露fruit syrup
西柚汁 grapefruit juice
红像／花腐花茶black／green／jasmine／chrysanthemum tea 清咖啡black coffee
卡普契诺咖啡cappuccino
浓咖啡(蒸汽加压煮)espresso
全脂／脱脂奶whole／skim milk
酸奶yoghurt
餐桌圆转盘Lazy Susan
烹调术 cookery
煸；炒stir．frying；sautéing
爆quick-frying
炸deep-frying
煎pan-frying
清炒plain-frying
清蒸steaming
红烧braising with soy sauce／in brown sauce
煲；焖；炖；煨braising；stewing；simmering
白灼；烫scalding
焙roasting；broiling
铁扒grilling；broiling
氽quick-boiling
熏 smoking
汁卤stewing in gravy
腌pickling；salting
卤制 marinating
勾芡dressing with starchy sauce
揉面kneading dough
切丁/柳／片/丝dicing／cubing；filleting；slicing；shredding
您想点菜吗? Are you ready to order now?
先生，您要点菜还是要和菜? Would you like an a la carte or table d’h òte，sir?
你们一起买单还是各自付账?How would you like to pay，one check／bill or separate checks／bills?
贵店的特色菜馏牌菜是什么? May I know your house-special?
中餐先上冷盘，而西餐则先上汤。

A Chinese dinner begins with cold dishes，and a Western dinner with a soup．
您会使用筷子吗? Can you manage with chopsticks?
我吃西餐喜欢用刀叉，这叫作“入乡随俗”嘛。

I like to enjoy a dinner of Western food with forks and knives，because I believe in“Do in Rome as the Romans do”．
不要客气，桌上菜，请自便。

Make yourself at home and help yourself to the dishes．
请尝尝我的拿手菜。

Would you like to try my special recipe?
我不喝酒，我太太也滴酒不沾。

I don’t touch anything alcoholic，neither does my wife．
茅台是我国最负盛名的烈酒，上口不上脑。

Maotai is China’s best-known liquor；it is delicious and yet doesn’t go to the head．
绍兴酒属米酒一类，品之香味诱人，有点像日本的清酒。

Shaoxing Wine is made from rice；it possesses an inviting aroma and tastes like Japanese sake.。