医科大学精品课件：HE
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Animal Experiment
Hepatic Encephalopathy
BACKGROUND
Hepatic encephalopathy is a neuropsychiatric syndrome occurred secondarily to severe hepatic disease. It is characterized by mental confusion, muscle tremors and asterixis.
INSTRUMENTS AND CHEMICALS
5. Operating scissors 6. Operating knife 7. Hemostatic forceps 8. Smooth forceps 9. Ophthalmic scissors
STEPS
1. Weigh the rabbit on a platform balance. 2. Induce general anesthesia with a slow injection of
PURPOSE
1. To create an animal model of hepatic encephalopathy, observe manifestations of the experimental animal. 2. To understand the role of ammonia in the development of hepatic encephalopathy.
While in the control group, the roots are not tied.
STEPS
8. Insert a rubber tube into the duodenum for infusion of NH4Cl ① Find duodenum along the gastric pylorus.
4ml/kg body weight of 20 urethane solution through a marginal ear vein.
STEPS
3. Bind the rabbit on the rabbit-fixing table (dorsal position). 4. Cut off the hair on the abdomen. 5. Induce local anesthesia with injection of procaine on the
STEPS
8. Insert a rubber tube into the duodenum for infusion of NH4Cl ① Find duodenum along the gastric pylorus. ② Put two threads under the duodenum, ligate with a thread
ANIMAL
Rabbits weighing 2-3kg are used.
INSTRUMENTS AND CHEMICALS
1. 20% urethane 2. 2% NH4Cl (ammonium chloride) 3. Rabbit-fixing table 4. 2ml and 5ml Syringes
middle line of the epigastrium. 6. Make an incision on the middle line of the upper abdomen
(about 6-8cm, under xiphoid process 2cm).
STEPS
The rabbits are divided into two groups: The experimental group
PURPOSE
The animal model of HE is established by ligating partial liver lobes and perfusing compound NH4Cl from the duodenum of rabbit. The rabbit will appear the signs and symptoms similar to those of HE.
near the stomach to block gastric contents. ③ Make an inclined cut towards the intestine with ophthalmic
scissors. ④ Insert a rubber tube into the duodenum towards the intestine,
STEPS Only experimental group
8. Ligate partial liver lobes in the experimental group. ③ Put a cotton thread under the liver. ④ The roots of partial liver lobes are tied with the cotton thread to stop blood flow to liver.
the roots of the liver lobes are ligated The control group
the roots of the liver lobes are not ligated
STEPS Only百度文库experimental group
8. Ligate partial liver lobes in the experimental group. ① Blunt dissect the falciform ligament. ② Turn the liver up to the side of the head. Blunt dissect the hepatogastric ligament to free the liver lobes.
Hepatic Encephalopathy
BACKGROUND
Hepatic encephalopathy is a neuropsychiatric syndrome occurred secondarily to severe hepatic disease. It is characterized by mental confusion, muscle tremors and asterixis.
INSTRUMENTS AND CHEMICALS
5. Operating scissors 6. Operating knife 7. Hemostatic forceps 8. Smooth forceps 9. Ophthalmic scissors
STEPS
1. Weigh the rabbit on a platform balance. 2. Induce general anesthesia with a slow injection of
PURPOSE
1. To create an animal model of hepatic encephalopathy, observe manifestations of the experimental animal. 2. To understand the role of ammonia in the development of hepatic encephalopathy.
While in the control group, the roots are not tied.
STEPS
8. Insert a rubber tube into the duodenum for infusion of NH4Cl ① Find duodenum along the gastric pylorus.
4ml/kg body weight of 20 urethane solution through a marginal ear vein.
STEPS
3. Bind the rabbit on the rabbit-fixing table (dorsal position). 4. Cut off the hair on the abdomen. 5. Induce local anesthesia with injection of procaine on the
STEPS
8. Insert a rubber tube into the duodenum for infusion of NH4Cl ① Find duodenum along the gastric pylorus. ② Put two threads under the duodenum, ligate with a thread
ANIMAL
Rabbits weighing 2-3kg are used.
INSTRUMENTS AND CHEMICALS
1. 20% urethane 2. 2% NH4Cl (ammonium chloride) 3. Rabbit-fixing table 4. 2ml and 5ml Syringes
middle line of the epigastrium. 6. Make an incision on the middle line of the upper abdomen
(about 6-8cm, under xiphoid process 2cm).
STEPS
The rabbits are divided into two groups: The experimental group
PURPOSE
The animal model of HE is established by ligating partial liver lobes and perfusing compound NH4Cl from the duodenum of rabbit. The rabbit will appear the signs and symptoms similar to those of HE.
near the stomach to block gastric contents. ③ Make an inclined cut towards the intestine with ophthalmic
scissors. ④ Insert a rubber tube into the duodenum towards the intestine,
STEPS Only experimental group
8. Ligate partial liver lobes in the experimental group. ③ Put a cotton thread under the liver. ④ The roots of partial liver lobes are tied with the cotton thread to stop blood flow to liver.
the roots of the liver lobes are ligated The control group
the roots of the liver lobes are not ligated
STEPS Only百度文库experimental group
8. Ligate partial liver lobes in the experimental group. ① Blunt dissect the falciform ligament. ② Turn the liver up to the side of the head. Blunt dissect the hepatogastric ligament to free the liver lobes.