小升初 形容词、副词专题

2.3 形容词的比较级变化规则
(1) 一般直接在词后+er e.g. quick-quicker/ fast-faster slow-slower tall-taller 单音节词如果以-e结尾，则直接加-r e.g. late-later
(2) 重读闭音节词如果末尾只有一个 辅音字母，须双写这个字母，再加-er e.g. big-bigger thin-thinner fat-fatter
(5) 不规则变化 e.g. good/well-better-best
(原级) (比较级) (最高级)
bad/ill-worse-worst many/much-more-most
far-farther/further-farthest/furthest old-older/elder-oldest/eldest
4) Whose bag is ____ ( heavy ), yours or mine? 5) Does Jim run as ___(slow ) as David? Yes, but Mike runs_____ ( slow ) than them.
6) You have seven books, but I have _______ ( many ) than you. I have ten. 7) I jump ______ ( far ) than some of the boys in my class.
1.3 副词的构成
在形容词的基础上构成 (1) 在形容词词尾直接加-ly e.g. quick-quickly slow-slowly quiet-quietly beautiful-beautifully
(2) 以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变 y为i,然后再加-ly e.g. busy-busily noisy-noisily angry-angrily easy-easily lazy-lazily
2、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1) I can swim as _______ ( fast ) as the fish, I think. 2) Look! His hands are ___ ( big ) than mine. 3) I think you do these things_____( well ) than your classmates.
(3) 以辅音字母加-y构成的形容词， 变-y为-i,再加-er e.g. busy-busier noisy-noisier early-earlier heavy-heavier
(4) 双音节和多音节形容词/副词的比 较级应在原级前加more构成 e.g. beautiful-more beautiful careful-more careful interesting-more interesting quietly-more quietly quickly-more quickly
1.2 形容词的构成
由名词变为形容词 (1) 名词后加-y e.g. fun-funny sun-sunny cloud-cloudy luck-lucky rain-rainy snow-snowy wind-windy health-healthy
(2) 名词后面加-ly e.g. love-lovely friend-friendly day-daily
2.2 时，形容词要变为比 较级形式 (……比……更……) e.g. He is taller than me. The Changjiang River is longer than the Yellow River. 同级比较：as+adj./adv.(原级)+as(… 与…一样) e.g. His apple is as small as mine. He studies as hard as his sister.
形容词、副词
adj./adv.
1. 形容词与副词 1.1 形容词表示某一事物或者人的特 征；副词表示某一动作的特征。
e.g. a beautiful flower a short man an active student a kind teacher
e.g. He runs quickly. She works busily. They speak English slowly. It rains terribly outside.
(3) 某些以辅音字母加不发音的字 母e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词要 先去掉e,然后再加-y或-ly。
e.g. terrible-terribly true-truly gentle-gently
(4) 特殊情况 loud(adj.)-aloud/loudly(adv.) (形容词与副词同形) late 迟到地 early 早地 hard 刻苦地；努力地 fast 迅速地
2. 形容词与副词的比较级 2.1 形容词与副词有三种形式：原级、
比较级、最高级 比较级：形容词后加-er 最高级：the+形容词后加-est e.g. long-longer 更长的 tall-taller 更高的 strong-stronger-the strongest (最强壮的) the shortest tree
Exercises
1. 写出下列形容词、副词的比较级
big___ good___ long___ tall___ old___ short___ thin____ heavy___ young__
fat___ light___ strong___ high____ far___ low___ early___ late___ well___ fast___ slow___ quick___
8) I’m very_____( thin ), but she’s _____( thin ) than me. 9) It gets ______and_____ ( warm ) when spring comes here.