【配套K12】时态语态学案

时态语态学案
高三动词的时态和语态复习学案
一．考纲解读
英语中动词共有16种时态，高考重点考察十种时态。

分别是：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，过去将来时，将来进行时，现在完成时，过去完成时，现在完成进行时。

时态题在语篇完形和改错题中考查。

二．时态和语态的主要考点、考查在语境中判断动词时态的运用能力。

、时间、条件、让步等状语从句中动词的时态；主从句时态呼应问题, and 前后动词时态不一致, 第三人称单数形式错用。

三．时态和语态题的解题方法
1.从时间状语上去判断时态.有时候改错题中的时态单就从一两个句子上便可判断出来，因为我们熟悉的一些时态标志词。

如四大典型时态常见的标志词： 1.一般过去时态：yesterday, last Sunday morning, last year, two hours ago, just now, the other day, once upon a time, in 1945等。

2.一般现在时态：now, today, always, usually, often, sometimes, at times, every day, on Sundays等。

3.现在完成时态：so far, since, in the past 5 years ,by now, in recent years 等。

4.一般将来时态：tomorrow ，in the future ， next week, soon , in the 22nd century等。

改错：
1）Last Sunday， police cars hurry to the tallest building in New York.
2）Today it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past.
3）I’m very pleased to say that all of us greatly improved our spoken English so far . 4).Since long ago, many adults and children called their friends together to spend hours ..
5).During the World Cup in 20XX, my dad stays up late just to watch his favorite sport.
2.从平行连词前后看时态差异.其实表示平行并列关系的连词也是改错题中很重要的标志词，如and ,or ,not only…but also ,but, so 等。

这些词前后的时态应该是一致的，目前来看，一般都把错处设在平行连词之后。

改错.
not only came to see me but also tell me the news.
2. I remembered her words and calm down.(NMET20XX)
football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.
was a school student then from a low-inxxe family ,so I have to work to support my family.
1
四．常考时态的结构及常见标志性时间状语语态时态主动被动一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时过去完成时现在完成时将来完成时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成进行时最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配一般现在时every …, sometimes, often, usually, always, on Sunday 现在进行时 now, always, all the time 现在完成时 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past years, recently 一般过去时yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now 过去进行时 this morning, the whole morning, all day, yesterday, from nine to ten last evening… when, while 过去完成时…before, by, until, when, after 一般将来时 next…, tomorrow, in…过去将来时多用在间接引语中表示发生在谓语动作以后的动作
2
五．考点讲练
1 一般现在时的用法
1）经常性或习惯性的动作
1. I ______ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year. A .will play B. have played C. played D. play 2）客观真理，客观
存在，科学事实或表示格言或警句。

①Knowledge begins with practice. ② She said that the sea water is salty. 3）按火车、汽车、飞机等时刻表将要发生的事。

此时句中
有时有将来的时间状语，但不用将来时。

此时主语是物：车，船，飞机等
The train leaves at three this afternoon. 4）在
时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一
般将来时。

it is fine tomorrow ,we will go to the countryside. ’ve brought my tennis things along in case we _____ time for a game tomorrow. A. shall have
B. have
C. will have
D. are going to have
3.----Can I drive on the free way, Mr Green
-----You can when you _____ a bit more skilled.
A. will get
B. are getting
C. will have got
D. get
2 一般过去时的用法
1）表示过去发生的，和现在没有联系的动作或状态。

1.----Look! Someone has spilt coffee on the carpet. ----Well , it _____ me.
A. isn’t
B. wasn’t
C. hasn’t been
D. hadn’t been
2.----I’ve bought a box of chocolates for our daughter. ---Oh, how good a dad! But she doesn’t like sweet things. _____ that
A. Don’t you know
B. Haven’t you known
C. Didn’t you know
D. Hadn’t you known 2）注意：一般过去时与过去进行时的区别：
一般过去时表示一个完成的动作，而过去进行时则表示一个没有完成且正在进行的动作。

① I wrote a letter this morning. 今天上午我写了一封信。

② I was writing a letter this morning. 今天上午我在写一封信。

1.----Has Tommy finished his job yet
----I have no idea of it ; he ____ it this morning.
A. was doing
B. had been doing
C. has done
D. did
she ____ the newspaper, Granny ______asleep.
A . read, was falling B. was reading ,fell C. was reading, was falling D. read ,fell
morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness_____. A. has grown B.
is growing C. grew D. had grown
3
4.---I’m sorry , I shouldn’t have been so rude to you. -----You _____ your temper but that’s OK.
A. have lost
B. had lost
C. did lose
D. were losing.
3. 一般将来时
1 .一般将来时表示计划、打算、企图做某事或来注定要发生的事情。

2 .表示将来时的四种形式①will /shall +动词原形
②be going to do
③be about to do(正要干什么) ④be to do
1 be going to 有很强的计划性，打算干什么，而will 表示谈话时临时决定的意图，具有临时性和偶然性。

1. ----The telephone is ringing. ----I _____ answer it.
A. will
B. am going to
C. am to
D. am about to 2.---Alice, why didn’t you xxe yesterday ---I _____, but I had an unexpected visitor.
A. had
B. would
C. was going to
D. did
going to 可用来表达某种迹象要发生的事。

而will 不能表示 Look at the clouds! It’s going to rain. 3. be
to和be going to
①表示约定、计划或职责、义务要求即将发生的动作。

②be to do 安排将要干什么，有很强的计划性，有时=be going to be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事. be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。

I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.
I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 4．be about to do 表示“正要干什么…”，表示即将发生的动作，不与表示将来的时间状语连用。

常与when 连用，when 此时意思：就在这时，是并列连词。

构成句型：…be about to do …when…. I was about to leave when it rained. 特别注意
一般现在时表示将来，特别用于车、船、飞机等时刻表中安排好的。

The plane leaves tomorrow.(尽管有tomorrow, 但没有will ,be going to )
某些瞬间动词“go, xxe, arrive ,leave ,start, begin, fly, take ”等用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。

I’ve won a holiday for two to Floria. I ______my mum.
A. am taking
B. have taken
C. take
D. will have been
4. 现在进行时
1．表示说话时正在进行而尚未完成的动作或状态。

2．表示现阶段一直在进行的动作，但说话时不一定正在进行。

4
①I don’t really work here. I’m helping until the new secretary xxes.
②Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology___ so rapidly.
A. will have changed
B. has changed
C. is changing
D. will change ③Please call again. Jim _____ a bath now.
A. has had
B. was having
C. is having
D. has
④My money _____. I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out of before I’ve none in hand.
A. has run out
B. is running out
C. has been run out
D. is being run out ⑤I can guess you were in a hurry. You _____ your sweater inside out. A. had worn B. wore C. are wearing D. were wearing 特殊用性：
1.现在进行时可以表示一般将来时，常用于下列动词：go ,xxe, leave, begin, arrive ,return, 等。

We’re moving to the new building next week.
2.现在进行时与always, continually , constantly, never 等连用，表示厌恶或赞扬的感情色彩。

You are always forgetting the important things.
_____things about . Look, what a mess in you room!
A. always throw
B. have always thrown
C. are always throwing
D. have always been thrown ______ television. Why not do something more active A. always watch B. are always watching
C. have always watched
D. have always been watching
5.过去进行时
1．表示过去某一时间正进行的动作。

通常有时间状语，或上下文表示。

1.---Hey ,look where you are going -----Oh, I’m terribly sorry ._______. A. I’m not noticing B. I don’t noticing C. I haven’t noticing D. I was n’t noticing 2.-----Hey ,what did I say -----I _________.
A. I’m not listening
B. I was not listening
C.
I don’t listened D. I didn’t listen 2．表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作，但这个动作可以完成，也可以不一定完成。

③-----Why didn’t you join us last night -----I _____ the live programs on the war between
Iraq and the States.
A. watched
B. was watching
C. had watched
D. have been watching ④----Why weren’t you at the meeting
----I ____ for a long –distance call from my father in Australia. A. waited B. was waiting C. had waited D. have been
3．在简单句中有at that time, then , this time yesterday / last week, at 10 o’clock last night 5
等具体的时间状语用过去进行时态。

I first met Lisa three years ago . She ____ at a radio shop at the time.
A. has worked
B. was working
C. had been working
D. had worked
特别注意：与always连用，表示感情色彩。

My brother was always losing his key.
6. 现在完成时
1．表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，有时没有时间状语，有时有时间状语。

They have cleaned the classroom. (They cleaned the classroom and the classroom is clean now.)
2．表示过去已经开始，持续到现在而且可能继续下去的动作状态。

He hasn’t given me any more trouble since then. 1.----When did he go to America
-----Oh, he ______ there since half a year ago. A. went B. has been C. has gone D. was
_____ California for Texas and ____ there ever since. You can go and pay her a visit on your way to Mexico.
A. left, worked
B. has left, had worked
C. left, has worked
D. has left , worked stamps as a hobby ____ increasingly popular during the past fifty years.] A. bexxes B. became C. has bexxe D. had bexxe 4. ----How are you today
---Oh , I ____ as ill as I do now for a very long time.
A. didn’t feel
B. wasn’t feeling
C. don’t feel
D. haven’t felt 5. Robert ____ me his address the other day, but I’m afraid I ___ it .
A. had given, lost
B. has given , have lost
C. gave, have lost
D. gives, lost
7.过去完成时
1表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已经完成了的动作，
即“过去的过去”。

请记住：
by the end of +过去时间
be the time +从句引导的句子，主句用过去完成时）①The film had already begun when I got there. ②They had left before I returned.
③We had finished the work by last month( by the time he came.)
2 表示过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另一个时间的动作或状态。

I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.
3 用于hardly …when ;no sooner …than …等句子中。

Hardly had we arrived when she started xxplaining.
4 hope ,think expect ,intend ,mean ,suppose ,want ,imagine等，用于过去完成时，表示过
6
去未实现的希望或意图。

I had hoped to be able to take my seat in all this noise without being found. 我本希望能乘着这些噪音不被发现地坐到位置上。

5 It is the first time +从句；It was the first time +从句。

It is the first time that I’ve been here.
It was the first time that he had ever spoken to me in such a tune.
6 用于对过去假设的虚拟语气中的从句。

If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I would have telephoned you . 1. The old man _____ two days after he had been sent to hospital.
A. died
B. would die
C. had died
D. has died 2. Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but soon ______ to his old ways. A. returned B. returns C. was returning D. had returned 3. I _____ my son _____ a doctor, but he wasn’t good enough at science. A. hoped; would bexxe B. had hoped; would bexxe C. had hoped; will bexxe D. hope; will bexxe
4. I _____ to take a good holiday this year, but
I wasn’t able to get away. A. hope B. have hoped
C. had hoped
D. hoped
5. Helen _____ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _____ home. A. has left; xxes B. left; had xxe C. had left; came D. had left; would xxe
8.现在完成进行时
构成：have /has been doing
表示过去某一动作状态一直持续到现在，也可能将持续下去。

----Isn’t it hard to drive downtown to work ---Yes, that’ why I _____ to work by train. A. have been going B. have gone C. was going D. will have gone
9.将来完成时： will / shall +have done
表示将来某一时间之前完成的动作，常与表示将来时间的状语连用，如： by the end of+将来时间的短语, by the time +从句，这时句子或主句应用将来完成时We will have finished the work by the time he xxes back.
10.一般将来进行时； will be dong / shall be doing
表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作
What will you be doing this time tomorrow
the end of this month, we surely ____ a satisfactory solution to the problem. A. have found B. will be found C. will have found D. are finding conference ____ a full week by the time it ends.
A. must have lasted
B. will have lasted
C. would last
D. has lasted
7
六．课后演练提升。

动词的时态改错专题训练 1. The
teacher told that the sun rose in the east. 2. I will speak to him when I will see him next Sunday. 3. I will get everything ready before my boss xxe back. 4. Does your mother has lunch at home 5. He was writing a letter at the moment, I believe. 6. I haven't seen her since two months. 7. She has gone to Beijing several times. 8. Jane is doing some cleaning this time yesterday. 9. If it won't rain, we will go to visit the zoo. 10. When I was at college I spoken three foreign languages, but I had forgotten all except a few words of each. 11. The police found that the house has been broken into and a lot of things stolen.
12. The volleyball match will be put off if it rain.
13. Mary is making a dress when she cut her finger.
14. This is the first time I had been here. 15. You can join the club when you will get a bit older. 16. Mother promised she will buy me a bike.17. The students were writing busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she has left in the office.18. The reporter said that the UFO was travelled east to west when he saw it. 19. \ 20. I don't think Jim saw me; he has just staring into space. 21. The last
time I saw Jane, she was picked cotton in the fields.
22. How long have they known each other before they got married 23. We were all surprised when he made it clear that he leave office soon.
8
高三动词的时态和语态复习学案
一．考纲解读
英语中动词共有16种时态，高考重点考察十种时态。

分别是：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，过去将来时，将来进行时，现在完成时，过去完成时，现在完成进行时。

时态题在语篇完形和改错题中考查。

二．时态和语态的主要考点、考查在语境中判断动词时态的运用能力。

、时间、条件、让步等状语从句中动词的时态；主从句时态呼应问题, and 前后动词时态不一致, 第三人称单数形式错用。

三．时态和语态题的解题方法
1.从时间状语上去判断时态.有时候改错题中的时态单就从一两个句子上便可判断出来，因为我们熟悉的一些时态标志词。

如四大典型时态常见的标志词： 1.一般过去时态：yesterday, last Sunday morning, last year, two hours ago, just now, the other day, once upon a time, in 1945
等。

2.一般现在时态：now, today, always, usually, often, sometimes, at times, every day, on Sundays等。

3.现在完成时态：so far, since, in the past 5 years ,by now, in recent years 等。

4.一般将来时态：tomorrow ，in the future ， next week, soon , in the 22nd century等。

改错：
1）Last Sunday， police cars hurry to the tallest building in New York.
2）Today it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past.
3）I’m very pleased to say that all of us greatly improved our spoken English so far . 4).Since long ago, many adults and children called their friends together to spend hours ..
5).During the World Cup in 20XX, my dad stays up late just to watch his favorite sport.
2.从平行连词前后看时态差异.其实表示平行并列关系的连词也是改错题中很重要的标志词，如and ,or ,not only…but also ,but, so 等。

这些词前后的时态应该是一致的，目前来看，一般都把错处设在平行连词之后。

改错.
not only came to see me but also tell me the news.
2. I remembered her words and calm down.(NMET20XX)
football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.
was a school student then from a low-inxxe family ,so I have to work to support my family.
1
四．常考时态的结构及常见标志性时间状语语态时态主动被动一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时过去完成时现在完成时将来完成时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成进行时最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配一般现在时every …, sometimes, often, usually, always, on Sunday 现在进行时 now, always, all the time 现在完成时 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past years, recently 一般过去时yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now 过去进行时 this morning, the whole morning, all day, yesterday, from nine to ten last evening… when, while 过去完成时…before, by, until, when, after 一般将来时 next…, tomorrow, in…过去将来时多用在间接引语中表示发生在谓语动作以后的动作
2
五．考点讲练
1 一般现在时的用法
1）经常性或习惯性的动作
1. I ______ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year. A .will play B. have played C. played D. play 2）客观真理，客观
存在，科学事实或表示格言或警句。

①Knowledge begins with practice. ② She said that the sea water is salty. 3）按火车、汽车、飞机等时刻表将要发生的事。

此时句中
有时有将来的时间状语，但不用将来时。

此时主语是物：车，船，飞机等
The train leaves at three this afternoon. 4）在
时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一
般将来时。

it is fine tomorrow ,we will go to the countryside. ’ve brought my tennis things along in case we _____ time for a game tomorrow. A. shall have
B. have
C. will have
D. are going to have
3.----Can I drive on the free way, Mr Green
-----You can when you _____ a bit more skilled.
A. will get
B. are getting
C. will have got
D. get
2 一般过去时的用法
1）表示过去发生的，和现在没有联系的动作或状态。

1.----Look! Someone has spilt coffee on the carpet. ----Well , it _____ me.
A. isn’t
B. wasn’t
C. hasn’t been
D. hadn’t been
2.----I’ve bought a box of chocolates for our daughter. ---Oh, how good a dad! But she doesn’t like sweet things. _____ that
A. Don’t you know
B. Haven’t you known
C. Didn’t you know
D. Hadn’t you known 2）注意：一般过去时与过去进行时的区别：
一般过去时表示一个完成的动作，而过去进行时则表示一个没有完成且正在进行的动作。

① I wrote a letter this morning. 今天上午我写了一封信。

② I was writing a letter this morning. 今天上午我在写一封信。

1.----Has Tommy finished his job yet
----I have no idea of it ; he ____ it this morning.
A. was doing
B. had been doing
C. has done
D. did
she ____ the newspaper, Granny ______asleep.
A . read, was falling B. was reading ,fell C.
was reading, was falling D. read ,fell
morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness_____. A. has grown B. is growing C. grew D. had grown
3
4.---I’m sorry , I shouldn’t have been so rude to you. -----You _____ your temper but that’s OK.
A. have lost
B. had lost
C. did lose
D. were losing.
3. 一般将来时
1 .一般将来时表示计划、打算、企图做某事或来注定要发生的事情。

2 .表示将来时的四种形式①will /shall +动词原形
②be going to do
③be about to do(正要干什么) ④be to do
1 be going to 有很强的计划性，打算干什么，而will 表示谈话时临时决定的意图，具有临时性和偶然性。

1. ----The telephone is ringing. ----I _____ answer it.
A. will
B. am going to
C. am to
D. am about to 2.---Alice, why didn’t you xxe yesterday ---I _____, but I had an unexpected visitor.
A. had
B. would
C. was going to
D. did
going to 可用来表达某种迹象要发生的事。

而will 不能表示 Look at the clouds! It’s going to rain. 3. be to和be going to
①表示约定、计划或职责、义务要求即将发生的动作。

②be to do 安排将要干什么，有很强的计划性，有时=be going to be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事. be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。

I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.
I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 4．be about to do 表示“正要干什么…”，表示即将发生的动作，不与表示将来的时间状语连用。

常与when 连用，when 此时意思：就在这时，是并列连词。

构成句型：…be about to do …when…. I was about to leave when it rained. 特别注意
一般现在时表示将来，特别用于车、船、飞机等时刻表中安排好的。

The plane leaves tomorrow.(尽管有tomorrow, 但没有will ,be going to )
某些瞬间动词“go, xxe, arrive ,leave ,start, begin, fly, take ”等用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。

I’ve won a holiday for two to Floria. I ______my mum.
A. am taking
B. have taken
C. take
D. will have been
4. 现在进行时
1．表示说话时正在进行而尚未完成的动作或状态。

2．表示现阶段一直在进行的动作，但说话时不一定正在进行。

4
①I don’t really work here. I’m helping until the new secretary xxes.
②Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology___ so rapidly.
A. will have changed
B. has changed
C. is changing
D. will change ③Please call again. Jim _____ a bath now.
A. has had
B. was having
C. is having
D. has
④My money _____. I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out of before I’ve none in hand.
A. has run out
B. is running out
C. has been run out
D. is being run out ⑤I can guess you were in a hurry. You _____ your sweater inside out. A. had worn B. wore C. are wearing D. were wearing 特殊用性：
1.现在进行时可以表示一般将来时，常用于下列动词：go ,xxe, leave, begin, arrive ,return, 等。

We’re moving to the new building next week.
2.现在进行时与always, continually , constantly, never 等连用，表示厌恶或赞扬的感情色彩。

You are always forgetting the important things.
_____things about . Look, what a mess in you room!
A. always throw
B. have always thrown
C. are always throwing
D. have always been thrown ______ television. Why not do something more active A. always watch B. are always watching
C. have always watched
D. have always been watching
5.过去进行时
1．表示过去某一时间正进行的动作。

通常有时间状语，或上下文表示。

1.---Hey ,look where you are going -----Oh, I’m terribly sorry ._______. A. I’m not noticing B. I don’t noticing C. I haven’t noticing D. I was n’t noticing 2.-----Hey ,what did I say -----I _________.
A. I’m not listening
B. I was not listening
C.
I don’t listened D. I didn’t listen 2．表示过去
某一阶段一直在进行的动作，但这个动作可以完成，也可以
不一定完成。

③-----Why didn’t you join us last night -----I _____ the live programs on the war between Iraq and the States.
A. watched
B. was watching
C. had watched
D. have been watching ④----Why weren’t you at the meeting
----I ____ for a long –distance call from my father in Australia. A. waited B. was waiting C. had waited D. have been
3．在简单句中有at that time, then , this time yesterday / last week, at 10 o’clock last night 5。